What is Policy? What is Social welfare?

1. What is Policy?
Policy: A policy is a deliberate system of principles to guide decisions and achieve rational outcomes. A policy is a
statement on intent, and is implemented as a procedure. Policies are generally adopted by the board of or senior
governance body within an organization whereas procedures or protocols would be developed and ado pted by senior
executive officers. Policies can assist in both subjective and objective decisions making would usually assist senior
management with decision that must consider the relative merits of a number of factors before making decisions and
as a result are often hard to objectively test e.g. work-life balance policy. In contrast policies to assist in objective
decision making are usually operational in nature and can be objectively tested e.g. password policy.
The terms may apply to govt. private sector, organizations and groups, as well as individuals. Presidential executive
orders, corporative privacy policies, and parliamentary rules of order are all example policy. Policy differs from
rules or law. While law can compel or prohibited behaviors (e.g. a law requiring the payment of taxes on income),
policy merely guides action toward those that are most likely to achieve a desired outcome.
What is Social welfare?
Social welfare: s.w is again a term that gains little from being defined very tightly. Writers it in slightly different
ways depending on the issues they wise to cover. Sometimes it refers to very material aspects of well being such as
asset to economic resources. At other times it is used to mean less tangible conditions such as contentment,
happiness, an absence of threat, and condition in the future
.
Define the welfare state: societies in which a substantial part of the production of welfare is paid for and provided
by the government have been called ‘welfare states’. Within the academic subject of social policy there are
continuing debates about what is necessary to qualify as a welfare state. Does the US, for example, provide, through
its federal, state and local welfare provisions, sufficient help to its citizens to be labeled a welfare state? Or should
the term be reserved for the Scandinavian countries such as Sweden or Denmark.
In speech to the annual conference of the Labour Party in 1950, Sam Watson leading of the Durham coal miners
listed the achievements of the welfare state: ‘poverty has been abolished. Hunger is unknown. The sick are tended.
The old folks are cherished; our children are growing up in a land of opportunity. This turned out to be a Rather rosy
view, but it captures the confidence of the time in the role of state welfare. It was a conception of its function is
setting minimum standards in income, health, housing and education below which citizens would not be allowed to
fall: the idea of the welfare state as a social safety net.