Robb Whitaker - Water Replenishment District, Water: Our Precious Resource
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Robb Whitaker - Water Replenishment District, Water: Our Precious Resource
- 1. California Contract Cities Association Fall Seminar September 26, 2009 The Importance of Groundwater in South Los Angeles County
- 2. Water Table (groundwater)Water Table (groundwater) Underground (soil)Underground (soil) What is Groundwater?What is Groundwater?
- 3. Water that exists in pore spaces in the groundWater that exists in pore spaces in the ground SandSand Rocks & GravelRocks & Gravel WaterWater What is Groundwater?What is Groundwater?
- 4. Water from rivers, streams andWater from rivers, streams and rain percolate into the soilrain percolate into the soil Water Table (groundwater)Water Table (groundwater) Underground (soil)Underground (soil) How is Groundwater Formed?How is Groundwater Formed?
- 5. GroundwaterGroundwater How Do We Access Groundwater?How Do We Access Groundwater? Groundwater WellGroundwater Well
- 6. Water Wells – over 500 active wellsWater Wells – over 500 active wells
- 7. WestWest CoastCoast BasinBasin CentralCentral BasinBasin Whittier Pacific Ocean Los Angeles Long Beach Torrance Inglewood 5 miles 5 km OrangeOrange CountyCounty
- 8. WestWest CoastCoast BasinBasin CentralCentral BasinBasin Whittier Pacific Ocean Area = 420 mi2 Los Angeles Long Beach Torrance Inglewood Population 4 Million 5 miles 5 km OrangeOrange CountyCounty 43 Cities
- 9. WestWest CoastCoast BasinBasin CentralCentral BasinBasin Whittier Pacific Ocean Los Angeles Long Beach Torrance Inglewood 235 billion gallons of water used per year 5 miles 5 km OrangeOrange CountyCounty 40% is groundwater 60% is water imported from hundreds of miles away
- 10. 1900s-1950s1900s-1950s No regulationNo regulation of pumpingof pumping WEST COAST BASIN KEY WELL -110 -90 -70 -50 -30 -10 10 Feb-30 Feb-40 Feb-50 Feb-60 Feb-70 Jan-80 Jan-90 Jan-00 Date WaterSurfaceElevation(feetMSL) CENTRAL BASIN KEY WELL -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 Feb-30 Feb-40 Feb-50 Feb-60 Feb-70 Jan-80 Jan-90 Jan-00 WaterSurfaceElevation(feetMSL) Water table droppedWater table dropped to alarming levelsto alarming levels as populationas population increasedincreased History of Groundwater in L.A. CountyHistory of Groundwater in L.A. County
- 11. Basins adjudicated in earlyBasins adjudicated in early 1960s1960s Pumping rights exceededPumping rights exceeded natural replenishmentnatural replenishment WRD formed in 1959 toWRD formed in 1959 to supplement naturalsupplement natural replenishmentreplenishment HistoryHistory NaturalNatural groundwatergroundwater wasn’t enoughwasn’t enough to meetto meet demanddemand
- 12. Replenishment of groundwaterReplenishment of groundwater Groundwater Clean UpGroundwater Clean Up Basin monitoringBasin monitoring Basin modelingBasin modeling How WRD Manages the Groundwater BasinsHow WRD Manages the Groundwater Basins
- 13. WestWest CoastCoast BasinBasin CentralCentral BasinBasin Whittier Pacific Ocean Los Angeles Long Beach Torrance Inglewood 5 miles 5 km OrangeOrange CountyCounty Surface Recharge Coastal Injection
- 14. San GabrielSan Gabriel spreadingspreading groundsgrounds Rio HondoRio Hondo spreadingspreading groundsgrounds
- 15. Forebay (unconfined aquifers) Surface Recharge Spreading Basin Bedrock (Pico Form ation) Pressure Area (confined aquifers) Clay (aquitard) Clay (aquitard) Clay (aquitard) Aquifer Aquifer Aquifer Ocean Surface Recharge of GroundwaterSurface Recharge of Groundwater
- 16. Seawater IntrusionSeawater Intrusion Coastal Aquifer - No PumpingCoastal Aquifer - No Pumping Water TableWater Table OceanOcean Sea LevelSea Level FreshFresh WaterWater BrackishBrackish WaterWater EquilibriumEquilibrium
- 17. Water TableWater Table OceanOcean FreshFresh WaterWater Sea LevelSea Level BrackishBrackish WaterWater Coastal Aquifer - With PumpingCoastal Aquifer - With Pumping Seawater IntrusionSeawater Intrusion
- 18. Water TableWater Table OceanOcean Brackish WaterBrackish Water Fresh WaterFresh Water Sea LevelSea Level FreshFresh WaterWater BrackishBrackish WaterWater Coastal Aquifer - Intrusion AdvancingCoastal Aquifer - Intrusion Advancing Seawater IntrusionSeawater Intrusion
- 19. Water TableWater Table OceanOcean Brackish WaterBrackish Water Fresh WaterFresh Water Sea LevelSea Level FreshFresh WaterWater BrackishBrackish WaterWater Coastal Aquifer - Pumping and InjectionCoastal Aquifer - Pumping and Injection Seawater IntrusionSeawater Intrusion
- 20. Water TableWater Table OceanOcean Brackish WaterBrackish Water Fresh WaterFresh Water Sea LevelSea Level FreshFresh WaterWater StrandedStranded BrackishBrackish WaterWater (Saline(Saline Plume)Plume) BrackishBrackish WaterWater Coastal Aquifer - Pumping and InjectionCoastal Aquifer - Pumping and Injection Seawater IntrusionSeawater Intrusion
- 21. Tertiary TreatedTertiary Treated MicrofiltrationMicrofiltration Reverse OsmosisReverse OsmosisUltra Violet LightUltra Violet Light To Barriers Leo J. Vander Lans PlantLeo J. Vander Lans Plant Purifying Recycled WaterPurifying Recycled Water
- 22. Water supplies are heavily testedWater supplies are heavily tested and monitored for over 100and monitored for over 100 chemicals to ensure safety.chemicals to ensure safety. Natural and man-madeNatural and man-made contamination can occur.contamination can occur. When contaminants are detected,When contaminants are detected, water sources are shut down untilwater sources are shut down until treated.treated. WRD can help to identify and cleanWRD can help to identify and clean up many sources of contamination.up many sources of contamination. Water QualityWater Quality
- 23. Over 250 monitoring wells at 54 locations (more wells planned) Monitoring the Groundwater ConditionsMonitoring the Groundwater Conditions
- 25. City of NorwalkCity of Norwalk City of Huntington ParkCity of Huntington Park City of BellCity of Bell City ofCity of South GateSouth Gate Wellhead TreatmentWellhead Treatment
- 26. WRD’s GoldsworthyWRD’s Goldsworthy Brackish GroundwaterBrackish Groundwater Desalination PlantDesalination Plant (Torrance)(Torrance) Removal of Sea Water ContaminationRemoval of Sea Water Contamination
- 27. WEST COAST BASIN KEY WELL -110 -90 -70 -50 -30 -10 10 Feb-30 Feb-40 Feb-50 Feb-60 Feb-70 Jan-80 Jan-90 Jan-00 Date WaterSurfaceElevation(feetMSL) CENTRAL BASIN KEY WELL -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 Feb-30 Feb-40 Feb-50 Feb-60 Feb-70 Jan-80 Jan-90 Jan-00 WaterSurfaceElevation(feetMSL) Results of WRDResults of WRD basinbasin managementmanagement Rising waterRising water levels & droughtlevels & drought protectionprotection
- 28. Benefits of GroundwaterBenefits of Groundwater Local reliable supplyLocal reliable supply Provides drought protectionProvides drought protection Cost effective – less than half the cost of importedCost effective – less than half the cost of imported waterwater $- $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 CostperAcreFoot Imported Water Groundwater
- 29. - 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 Past Current Future AcreFeet Imported Recycled Stormwater WRD’s WIN Program willWRD’s WIN Program will eliminate need for importedeliminate need for imported water to replenishwater to replenish groundwatergroundwater
- 30. Upper GRIP Pipeline GRIP-AWTP Lower GRIP Pipeline GRIP Facilities LocationGRIP Facilities Location GGroundwaterroundwater RReliabilityeliability IImprovementmprovement PProgramrogram
- 31. Managing your groundwater forManaging your groundwater for today and the futuretoday and the future
Editor's Notes
- Nested monitoring wells can monitor many depths or aquifers from a single well. Each pipe within the nested monitoring well reaches a different depth. 200’ – 800’. Sampling is done twice per year.
- The Robert W. Goldsworthy Groundwater Desalination Plant in Torrance was built to remove a saline plume that is trapped beneath the city. (On Madrona, at the City Yard) The plant currently has two extraction wells at the southern end of the plume and is removing 2,000 gallons of brackish water per minute. The plant returns more than 1 billion gallons of purified water per year to the Torrance water supply. At this rate, it could take 500 years to clean up this single plume. Additional wells would speed the clean up. The leftover brine is piped back to the ocean.