Single sign-on (SSO) systems allow users to access multiple systems after authenticating once but this can disadvantage security if the SSO is breached. If an intruder breaches the SSO, they would have access to all systems connected to that SSO implementation, unlike individual breaches that are limited to one system. The document discusses security disadvantages of SSO and identifies that allowing an intruder access to all linked systems if the SSO is compromised is considered the biggest disadvantage.