This document discusses several concepts in organizational behavior that are relevant to Tony's situation, including the supportive, custodial, and collegial models of management. It provides advice to Tony about staying positive, being open to new experiences, and getting along with others. However, it acknowledges that finding an ideal workplace is impossible due to individual differences and preferences. The best approach is to find a job that comes close to one's ideal and make the most of the opportunities available.

1. Identify several concepts and characteristics of the field of organizational behavior
that this case illustrates.
The Supportive Model
The supportive model approach states that employees are self-motivated and have value
and insight to contribute to the organization. Tony’s boss at O’Grady had been very
supportive their employees and giving them the help they needed, but also staying out of
the way and letting them work. When Tony was working at O’Grady, Tony and three
other managers went to lunch often and played golf and they got along well and truly
worked together as a team. They can relax and enjoy their weekends hang out with
colleagues and also will have self-motivated to finish the left work. Although it might be
more relaxing than other jobs, but the employee also can automatically participate
themselves in their work.
The Custodial Model
The custodial model is based around the concept of providing economic security for
employees through some benefits which will create employees loyalty and motivation.
Supervisor or boss should always support the employees’ job performance by giving
them payments and benefits as in the custodial approach.It will fully give the employees’
security and have a high dependence on the organization. At first, Tony’s job had met his
personal goals and achievement,he has received three promotions and many more pay
increases when he’s working at O’Grady. Tony was being motivated to do a good job to
let his boss recognized him and therefore he can get the benefits.

2. The Collegial Model
The Collegial Model is based upon the partnership between employees and management.
It maintains the harmony and guides their employees by promoting a sense of
participation and cooperation among its employees.When Tony was working in O’Grady,
the managers considerable autonomy and freedom and the communication was open.The
atmosphere of where Tony and his colleagues work together as a team to solve problems
is great and Tony likes it very much. Everyone shares power and authority equally among
a group of colleagues and the employees feel comfortable and easy to find out what they
don’t understand. They easily emphasize the responsibility of the group as a whole in
attaining corporate goals.
Fundamental Concepts of Organizational Behaviors
Nature of people
Individual Difference
Individual differences mean that management can motivate employees best by treating
them differently.Individual differences require that a manager’s approach to employee be
individual not statistical. All people are different from each other and behave differently
under similar conditions. Thus, managers should realize this and eliminate any
stereotypes they hold for workers. Tony enjoys his life working at O’ Grady because he
got promoted his work was appreciated and the boss treat him nicely by giving him
promotions and more pay increases. But when he’s working in Recee Enterprises, top
managers didn’t worry too much who did a good job or who didn’t, people who get
rewarded and promote is just follow how long they had been staying with the company.
This makes Tony cannot accept how they treat him that different way.

3. Job Satisfaction
In an organization, the organization depends on leadership which should have a good
communication to their employees to create a favorable organizational climate in which
the employees are helped. Open communication can create good working relationships
among office staff and organization members. Tony likes his previous company because
they had had a good cooperation between each others and they can easily find out what
they need to do all the times. When you fully enjoy and commit working in a company,
you must surely satisfy with it.
Two Factor Theory
Two factor theory includes motivator and hygiene factors. The motivator is needed in
order to motivate an employee into higher performance. Tony gives positive feelings
about the job and feel good about the job. When his work gets appreciated and
recognized, he becomes more confidence and this achievement is his esteem needs.
O’Grady also let him improve his self-actualization as the firm was decentralized and
their manager is considerable autonomy and freedom. His creativity can be used will
makes him increase his job satisfaction.
Hygiene factors are expected and so cause dissatisfaction if they are absent. Top
managers at Reece Enterprises do not give their employees a platform to show out their
ability and promote and reward people based on how long they work at the company.
This management will increase the job dissatisfaction of the employees because of the
company policies is not fair and clear.

4. Bureaucratic Approach
Bureaucratic approach can apply to Recce enterprises which not allow their employees to
make any sort of decision without getting three signatures from higher up.Recce
Enterprises manage the tasks and have formal authority for controlling the employees
who work under them.The employee’s ideas and innovations are not generally welcomed
and totally bound their mind.They can never grow to the greater capacities and achieve
things of which they have the capability, in compliance with the goals of the organization.

5. 1. What advice can you give Tony? How would this advice be supported or
tempered by behavioral concepts and process?
From the passage,we can know that Tony is wondering about his decision of
accepting the Reece offer is a mistake. It is definitely wrong idea and he should
change his mind of thinking about it.All of Tony’s bad feelings and dissatisfaction
through the new company should be avoided as it will only enhance the bad feelings
and he cannot get to do more good work as he can.
Conscientiousness is how we control and regulate our impulses. Some impulses
are uncontrolled antisocial which acts harm other members of society. Tony will be
getting become conscientious which achieve a high level of success through
purposeful planning and persistence. However, he could be compulsive perfectionists
and workaholics in a negative way. Tony will become more and more stuffy, boring,
and failure to stay within the lines. Therefore, I advise Tony always request for help
from his colleagues when he doesn’t understand what to do about his work rather
than regarded by others as he is too intelligent and people are not bothering him if he
get into troubles.
Tony is now experiencing neurotics which explains the tendency to be vulnerable
to anxiety and depression, feelings when faced with potentially stressful situations.He
started to push himself into the painful mood and these emotional regulation may be
resistant him to experiencing mood disturbances. Furthermore, these problems also
can diminish his ability to think clearly, make decisions, and cope effectively with
stress. My advice to Tony is trying to chill up himself and think positively to get an
optimistic view. A person who gets many friends is because they have positive
feelings and the optimistic thinking would influence the people around them become
happier.
There are several models of personality that I can advise Tony to improve his
thought.Most people outside the realm of psychology are familiar with openness to
experience and agreeableness .

6. Openness to experience refers to how people are to make adjustments in activities
accordance with new ideas or situations. The reason of Tony’s peers treated him
polite indifference probably is they are not really know him well.Tony should try to
give rid of being declined by other colleges and create something new that are more
interesting to attract the attention of colleagues.For examples,instead of asking them
to play golf, he can open a welcome party celebration to improve the bonding
between them and let the colleagues know him more.
Besides that, agreeableness which measures one’s tendency to be compassionate
and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others. I assumed that
Tony will be getting unkind and cold toward his colleagues after he resented when
being declined by his colleagues. This situation will make him score low on
agreeableness and he tends to be described rude and uncooperative person later on.
To make this not happening, Tony should get along with others and become more
helpful, friendly and willing to compromise his interest with others. Agreeable people
always have an optimistic view of human nature. Take a couple of deep breaths and
just prove what that he is not the one that peoples misunderstanding. People will
begin to accept you after they understand and know your personality .
In the conclusion, I advise Tony to continue to stay at Recee Enterprises no matter
how hard it is. Remember when you give someone the power to depress you, it's just
like they’re controlling you. Tony should try to be himself and don’t bother the
peoples that makes him unhappy. We cannot let our whole day mood influence our
attitudes and reduce the intrinsic work values toward our jobs.

7. 3) Is it possible to find an “ideal”place to work ? Explain.
It is not possible to find an “ideal” place to work. Ideal work is a job that brings
you satisfaction, a sense of accomplishment and interpersonal relationships which
enjoy very much.Truth be told,it may take a lot of trial and error to find a definitely
similar work that you want.However,it is possible to find a workplace that nearly idea
to us and we need to keep remaining the motivation to our work.
Every person has their own demand and needs like physiological needs, esteem
needs and social needs.For examples,some peoples like to work alone and follow and
decide the idea that they want. In contrast, some people prefer to work in groups
because they want to hear others suggestion. There is no right and wrong, but only
whether you willing to accept and understand themselves.
Besides that, the colleagues are also the major factor that always cannot to be
fulfill any one individual. Peoples come from different country and background and
not everyone can have the same personality that we like. Therefore, it will always be
problems that colleagues cannot have a peaceful atmosphere workspace. We should
try to avoid riot every single time and try to be good with others.
In the conclusion, we are not possible to have a workplace that is “ideal”place to
work, but can be nearly ideal for us as individuals. To make us not regret after
accepting the offer, we need to do some research and see whether the work fulfill the
preferences that we want to. Make the place your work as “ideal” work through risk
and reward strategics, and also figure out how to apply our skills and passions to the
field that we’re in. Love the work you’re with”.

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