Civil Engineering NPIC Viewport Commands

Department of Civil Engineering NPIC

viTüasßanCatiBhubec©keTskm<úCa
mhaviTüal½ysMNg;sIuvil

RkaPickMuBüÚT½r

mnÞI BaNiC¢kmμ nig ]sSahkmμ kUer:
RkaPickMuBüÚT½r 1


matika
CMBUk 1³ esckþIsegçbénRkaPickuMBüÚT½r nig Commands edIm,IbegáItnUvsMNakKMrU ........ 5
1> View porténkmμviFI Max nig Commands mUldæanRKwH ........................................... 6
1>1 View part ¬pÞaMgkargar¦................................................................................. 6
2> Geometry ¬erxaKNit¦ ............................................................................................ 9
2>1 Box ¬RbGb;¦ .................................................................................................. 9
2>2 Sphere ¬EsV‘r¦ ................................................................................................... 9
2>3 Cylinder ¬suILaMg¦ .......................................................................................... 14
2>4 Torus ................................................................................................................. 17
2>5 Teaport ¬):an;Et¦ ............................................................................................... 19
2>6 Cone ¬ekan¦ .................................................................................................... 21
2>7 Geosphere .......................................................................................................... 24
2>8 Tube¬TIb¦ ......................................................................................................... 26
2>9 Pyramid ¬BIr:amIt¦ ............................................................................................ 28
2>10 PLane ¬épÞrab¦ ............................................................................................ 30
3> RTg;RTay .................................................................................................................. 32
3>1 Line ¬bnÞat;¦ .................................................................................................... 32
3>2 Rectangle ¬ctuekaNEkg¦.............................................................................. 38
3>3 Circle ¬rgVg;¦.................................................................................................... 39
3>4 Ellipse ¬eGlIb¦ ............................................................................................... 41
3>5 Arc ¬GkS½¦ ........................................................................................................ 42
3>6 Donuts ¬dUNat;¦ .............................................................................................. 44
3>7 Ngon .................................................................................................................. 47



3>8 Star ¬páay¦....................................................................................................... 48
3>9 Text ¬GtßbT¦................................................................................................... 50
3>10 Herix ............................................................................................................... 52
3>11 Section ¬BMnuH¦............................................................................................... 54
CMBUk 2³ Commands edIm,IEkERbrrUbsMNak.................................................................... 58
1> Modify ¬karpøas;bþÚrrag¦ ....................................................................................... 59
1>1 Bend ¬karBt;¦................................................................................................ 59
1>2 Taper ¬kareFVIeGayRsYc¦ ............................................................................... 61
1>3 Twist ¬karkac;¦ .............................................................................................. 66
1>4 Noise ¬sMelg¦ ............................................................................................... 69
1>5 Extrude ¬karBnøÚt¦ ........................................................................................... 73
1>6 Lathe ¬karRkLwg¦
2> Edit Spines ¬karBinitüelI Splines¦
2>1 Modifier Stack ¬karpøas;bþÚrelIbegÁal¦
2>2 Configure Modifier Sets dialog ¬karEkERbragsNæanerobcMtam dialog
2>3 Edit Splines ¬karBinitüelI Splines¦
3> Edit Meshs ¬karBinitüelI Splines¦

4> Boolean
CMBUk 3³ Rendering Command
1> Light ¬BnøW¦
1>1 Properties of Light ¬KuNsm,tþiénBnøW¦
1>2 GaMgtg;suIet
1>3 RBMEdnénmuM



1>4 karbnßy
1>5 BnøWcagMpøat nigBnøWsayPayCuMvij
1>6 BN’ nigBnøW
1>7 RbePTBnøWénvtßú
1>8 ):ar:aEm:RténBnøw
2> Camera ¬kaemr:a¦
2>1 Camera
CMBUk 4³ sMPar³rUbPaBelIkareFVIEpnTI
1> karBinitüelIsMPar³
1>1 RbePTsMPar³
2> RbePTEpnTI
2>1 yl;dwgBIRbePTEpndI
2>2 RbePTEpnTIEdl)anbMeBjtaragehIy
CMBUk 5³ sMeyaKrUbPaB nigRkaPiceFVIeGaymanrUbPaB
1>karbegIátbg¥Üc
2>karbegáIteRKOgsgðarwm
3>karbegáItedImeQI
4> karbegáItmnusS
5> karbegáItrfynþ
CMBUk 6³ karGnuvtþn_ nigRkaPicedIm,IrUbPaBecj
1>karbegIátbg¥Üc



CMBUkI ³ esckþIsegçbelIRkaPickuMBüÚT½r nig Command edm,I
begáItnUvsMNakKMrU
3



1> View port : énkmμviFI Max nig Command mUldæanRKwH
1>1 View ports
rUbsNæanén viewport

xagelIenHKW CarUbPaBepþImdMbUgbg¥s;enAelIeGRkg;énkmμviFI max rUbsNæanéneGRkg; EdlbgðajdMbUgman
TUeTA ³
Tile Bar

enHKWCacMNgeCIgxagelI EdlbgðajBIÉksarEdlkMBugdMeNIrkar.
RbsinebIcg;rkSaTuknUvÉksarEdleyIgkMBug eFVIkar
tamry³ File/ same command kar save ÉksarrYmKW
begáIteGay)ancMNgeCIgmYy.



Menu Bar

> niymn½y³ vaKWCa Command EdlrYmpSMCamYynUv Commands CaeRcIneTotenAkñúgkmμviFI Max. Rbsin
A

ebIeyIgcucEpñkxageqVgelI Mouse ehIydak;eGay Mouse enAelI Menu EdleyIgcg;)an enaHnwgman Commands
bnÞab;eTotbgðajeLIg.
B> viFIEdlGñkeRbIR)as;erobcM Menu bar eTAtamTItaMgEdleyIgcg;)an

1> Mouse TTYl)annUvTItaMgmYyedayépÞcMhrEdlenACit Command Help enAcugxagsþaMén
Menu Bar .

2> cuc Mouse xagsþaMnwgecjnUvclnamYyEdlbgðajBITItaMgbnÞab;fμImYyeTot edIm,Icg;eRbIR)as;
elIvacUlcucelI Command Dock enAkñúgRbGb; Dialog.

Tool Bar

PaBcMbgénkarvilmksPaBedImvij (Default) én Tool Bar KWpþl;CaRckcUly:agelOneTAkan;]bkrN_ (Tool) nig
Dialogs sMrab;kargarTaMgLayEdlmanlkçN³smBaØTUeTAenAkñúgEpñkTn; (Software) .



Viewport
vaKWCakarpSMKñaeday viewport bYn ehIyeFVIkarenAelIeGRkg;EtmYyEdlCamUldæanRKwHénkmμviFI MAX
mü:ageTotva KWCaépÞsMrab;kargarfμI² CamYy viewports nigCaBMnuHEckpþac;mYyEdlmanRBMRbTl;CaBN’ ehIyman
BN’ssMrab;kareFVI enARKb; viewport TaMgbYn.

GñkRtUvkMNt;BIviFIEbgEck Viewport nig kMNt;eGay)anCak;lak;BI
RbePTénKMehIysMrab; Viewport nimYy²enAelIbnÞHKMnUsRBag (layout)
kñúgRbGb;rUbsNæanén Viewport cMeBaH Layout Edl Save enAkñúg
kmμviFI MAX GacrkSaTukenAkñúg Layout d¾éTeTotEdlEckdac;
BIKña kñúgkmμviFI MAX manpÞúknUvÉksarCaeRcInEdlGñkcg;)an ehIy
bBa©ÚlKñaenAkñúgmatikarénÉksarEdlGñkcg;)an ehIybBa©ÚlKña
enAkñúgmatikarénÉksard¾éTeTotedIm,IEfTaM Layout TaMgenH.

enAkñúgEpñkTn; (Software) minmaneGaykareRCIserIs)anyUrsMrab; Layouts A nig B eT. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday
tamry³ Maxscript KWman Commands edIm,Idak;eGay Layout fμI²eTAkan;karerobcMEdlGac)ancMnYn14eTot.



Gñkk¾GaceFVIeGay Viewpot NamYymanskmμPaBk¾)an rYmTaMgerobcMRbePTénKMehIj. GñkGaceFVIeTA)aneday
begáItnUvKMeragFM² nigrebobrbbénGñkeRbIR)as;TaMgLay edaykarbgáb;muxénb‘UtugsMrab;cucedIm,IerobcMelI Layout
NamYyEdlGñkeRCIserIs.
Command Panel
karbegáItbnÞH (Panel) pþl;eGaynUvkarRKb;RKgsMrab;karbegáItvtßú. enHKWCaCMhandMbUgelIkarksagpÞaMg
TsSnIyPaBfμIenAkñúgkmμviFI 3ds MAX. PaKeRcInGñknwgeFVIkarbEnßmCabnþbnÞab;nUvvtßúepSg²
eBjkñúgKMeragEdl )anbBa©b;ehIy. ]TahrN_³ enAeBlEdlRtUv Render

elIpÞaMgTsSnIPaBmYyGñkGacRtUvkarbEnßmBnøWEfmeTot.
eyIgmanRkumEdlbegáIt Panel KWRbePTénvtßúepSg²EdleyIgbegáIt
enAkñúg 7RbePT. ral;EpñknImYy²manb‘Utugerog²xøÜn. enAkñúgRbePT
nimYy²TaMgenH GacmanRbePTepSgeTotEdlCaRbePTbnÞab;elIvtßú
nanaCaeRcIneTot. bBa¢IEdlTnøak;cuHeRkam GaceGayeyIgeRCIserIs
vtßú)ankñúgcMeNamRbePTbnÞab;TaMgenaH ehIycMeBaHvtßúnimYy² k¾man
b‘UtugpÞal;xøÜnrbs;EdlGñkGaccucelIvaedIm,Icab;epþImkarbegáIteLIg.

2> erxaKNit (Geometry)
Geometric kMritdMbUgEdlmanlkçN³RsedogKñaeTAnwgvtßúEdlmanBitkñúgelak dUcCa)al; bMBg; RbGb;

nMdUNat; nignMragekansMrab;dak;kaer:m. kñúgkmμviFI 3ds MAX GñkGacbegáItnUvsMNkCaeRcIndUcCavtßúnan eday
eRbIR)as;EtkMritdMbUgb:ueNÑaH. Gñkk¾GacbB©ÚalnUvkMritdMbUgTaMgenaHeGaycUlkñúgvtßúEdllkçN³sμúKsμaj ehIyeFVI
eGayvamanlkçN³RbesIreLIgCamYynwgkarEkERbrUbrag.
2>1 Box ¬RbGb;¦
cucelI Create Panel cucelIb‘Utug Geometry Standard Primitives Object Type Rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Box .



Create Menu Standard Primitives Box
KUb³ eFVIeGay beNþay TTwg nigkMBs; mantMélesμIKña karbegáItKUbKWCa
CMh‘anmYyénkarGnuvtþ eyIgcab;epþImBIcMnuckNþalénKUb TajbBa©ÚlKña
view port EtmYyedIm,IerobcMTMhMpÞal;rbs;KUbNamYy enAkñúg Parameter

rollout.

RbGb;³ begáItnUvRbGb;KMrUfñak;dMbUgmYy edaycab;epþImBIRCugmYy eTAkan;RCugmYyeTotEdlsßitenAbeBaäógKña
CamYynigkarerobcMRbEvgepSg²KñaénbeNþay TTwg nigkMBs;.
pÞaMgkargar Keyboard Entry pÞúknUvkarerobcMCaTUeTAénTItaMg EdlerobtamlMdab;GkSr X,Y nig Z tYelx
EdlGñkvaybBa©Úlnwglyecjtam cMnYnenaHeTAtambeNþayGkS½énépÞrab EdlkMBugEtdMeNIrkar ehIyk¾man
lkçN³dUcKñanig Home grid rW Grid object Edr. tMélbUk nigdkRtUvKña nigTwsedAviC¢man nigGviC¢manénGkS½TaMg
enaH. Defauts= 0,0,0 KWCacMnuckNþalén Grid EdlkMBugdMeNIrkar. TItaMgEdlerobeday X, Y KWmanPaBesμIKña
nigTItaMgénkarrMkil Mouse cuHeRkamelITImYy enAkñúgviFIsa®sþKMrUénkarbegáItvtßú.
Parameters Rollout
begáItRbGb;mYyedaykMNat;mYyenAelIEpñknimYy²
Defauts

- beNþay TTwg kMBs;³ erobcMbeNþay TTwg nigkMBs;énRbGb;. ktþaTaMgGs;enHk¾sMEdgeLIgdUcCa³
- kMNat;beNþay TTwg kMBs;³ erobcMtYelxsMrab;karEbgEcktamGkS½nimYy² énvtßú. eyIgGac
erobcMTukCamun rW eRkayeBlénkarbegáIt. tamry³ Default EpñkmYyénRbGb;KWCakMNat;mYy. eBlEdlGñkerob
cMtMélelxmþgeTot enaHtMélfμInwgkøayCa Default fμImYyeTot Default= 1,1,1 .
- Tip:karerobcMedaytMeLIgtMélelxénkMNat;NamYy edImIeGayvtßúenaHTTYl)annUvlT§pl elIsFmμta
tamry³RbsiT§iPaBénbMlas;bþÚr. ]TahrN_³ RbsinebIGñk nigBt;RBGb;mYyelIGkS½ Z GñkRbEhlnwgcg; (Height
Segments Parameters) 4dg rWeRcInCagenH.

Generate Mapping Coordinate: karbegáItnUvkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;Gnuvtþ elIsMPar³nanaEdlTak;TgnigRbGb;.

Default = off .



edIm,IbegáItRbGb;

1> Click elI Create cucelIpÞaMgrUb Geometry enAkñúg Command Panel
2> Click elIb‘Utug Box
3> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Edlbgðajmk/ cucelI Box enAkñúg View port NamYyk¾eday RtUvbBa¢ak;n½y
BIépÞ)atragctuekaNEkg bnÞab;mkRtUverobcMelIbeNþay nigkMBs;.
4> Click edIm,IbBa©b;elIkarerobcMkMBs; ehIybegáItRbGb;eLig

2>2 Sphere ¬EsV‘r¦
cucelI Create Panel cucelIb‘Utug Geometry Standard Primitives Objective Type rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Sphere .
Create menu Standard Primitive Sphere



Create Method Rollout
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUrEs‘VrBIRCugmçageTARCugmçageTotGñkGacpøas;bþÚr
TItaMgéncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMNuckNþal¦³ KUrEsV‘rcab;bIcMnuckNþalecjeTA karkMNt;
Defauls nwgplit)anEsV‘rd¾rlagmYyEdlpÁúMeLIgeday 32kMNat; ehIy

ehIycMnucEdlCasñÚlénEsV‘renaH KWCacMNuckNþal.
- Radius ¬kaM¦³ kMNt;eGay)anCak;lak;nUvkaMrbs;EsV‘r
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ erobcMcMnYnkMNat;rbs;EsV‘redaykarEbgEckrag
BhuekaN.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ PaBbnSúIKñaénépÞmuxrbs;EsV‘r begáItegay)anCaépÞrelagmYybgðajeLIgkñúg
KMehIjénkar Render.

- Hemisphere ¬GDÆEs‘Vr¦³ karbEnßmtMélelxeLIgCalMdab;nwg bNþaleGaykat;pþac;ragEsV‘r edaycab;
epþImBI)ateTAedIm,ICakarbegáItEsV‘rmYyPaKtaragtMélelxmancab;BI 0>0 eTA 1>0. Default KW 0>0 begáIt)anCa
EsV‘rmanrUbrageBjeljmYy. karEkERbtMélelxmk 0>5 nwgbegáIteGay)anrag
eBajeljmYy. karEkERbtMélelxmk 0>5 nwgbegáIteGay)anragBak;kNþal
EsV‘r cMeBaMtMél 1>0 nwgkat;bnßyragEsV‘rGs;rlIg.
Default: 0.0

karBuHnwg karbMEbk
Chop ¬karBuH¦³ karbnßycMnYnénExSbBaÄr nigépÞmuxkñúgEsV‘redaykarBuH “Chopping” EpñkTaMgenaHecj
KWdUcCakar kat;pþac;ragGDÆEsV‘rEdr.


Default = On

- ¬karbMEbk¦³ karrkSatMélelxénExSbBaÄr nigépÞmuxkat;enAkñúgEsV‘redIm. karbMEbkrag
Squash

Geometry eGaykan;EttUceTA² eq<aHeTAkan;EpñkxagelIénEs‘Vr. kñúgxN³EdlkarrkSaragEsV‘r
eyIgGaceRbIkMENfμIxusBImux cMeBaHEsV‘rEdl)anbMEbgehIysMrab;vtßú.
- Slice on ¬kareRcokelI¦³ eyIgeRbImuMeRcokecj (From) nigeRcokcUl (To) edIm,IbegáIt)anEsV‘rmYyPaK.
cMeBaHRbsiT§iPaBrbs;vaKWman lkçN³RsedogKña nigkarRkLwgragBak;kNþalrgVg; EdlmanmuMticCa 360 . º

- Slice From ¬kareRcokecj¦³ kMNt;muMEdlcab;epþIm
- Slice To ¬kareRcokcUl¦³ kMNt;muMEdlRtUvbBa©b;

- Base to Pivot ¬BI)ateTAsñÚl¦³ rMkilEsV‘reLIgelItambeNþayGkS½ Z dUcenHcMNucsñÚlénEsV‘r
KWsßitenAKl;rbs; va. eBlEdleyIgyk Off enaHcMnucsñÚlsßitenaelIépÞrabénsMNg; ehIyenAcMkNþalénEsV‘r.
Default = Off

karpøas;bþÚrBIKl;eTAsñÚlGaceGay eyIgeFVIeGayGDÆEsV‘rkMerIk)andUcenHvabgðajeLIgdUcCakardusecjBI
épÞrab rWk¾liccUlkñúgenaH. mü:ageTotGaceGayGñkTukdak;EsV‘rTaMgGs;enaH)anenAelIépÞrabmYy
dUcCaeyIgdak; )al;enAelItuy:agdUecñHEdr.
RbsiT§PaBén kareRbIR)as; karerobcMBIKl;eTAsñÚl.
Generate Mapping Coordintates: karbegáItnUvkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;Gnuvtþn_elIsMPar³nanaEdlTak;Tg

nig RbGb;. Default= Off
edIm,IbegáItEsV‘r
1> Click elI Create cucelIpÞaMg Geometry enAkñúg Command Panel nig Click elIb‘Utug Sphere
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation method rollout cucelI Center
3> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday TajmkedIm,IkMNt;kaM
4> EsV‘rmYypusecjmkedaykarTajrbs;eyIg ehIycMnuckNþalsßitenARtg;cMnucsñÚlrbs;va bnÞab;mk
eyIgRBElgkarcuceLIgkarcucelI Mouse nigerobcMRbEvgkaMedIm,IbegáIt)anEsV‘r.



2>3 Cylinder ¬suILaMg¦
cucelI Create panel cucelIb‘Utug Geometry
yk Standard Primitives objective type rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Cylinder
Create Menu Standard Primitives Cylinder
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUrsuILaMgBIRCugmYyeTARCugmYyeTto. GñkGacpøas;
bþÚr TItaMgéncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMNuckNþal¦³ KUrsuILaMgedayecjBIcMnuckNþaleTA.



Parameters Rollout
Defauts begáIteGay)anCaEsV‘rrelagmYypÁúMeLIgeday 18 cMerok
nigmancMNucsñÚlsßitenAcMkNþalén )at. vamankMBs; 5kMNat; nig1kMNat;sMrab;KMrb.
RbsinebIGñkminmanKMeragnwg eFVIkarEkERbragerArbs;suILaMg dUcCakarBt;ragvaenaHeT
kaerobcMkMNat;kMBs;GaymantMéleTAelx 1 edIm,Ikat;bnßyPaBsμúKsμaj. ebIGñkcg; EkERbcugrbs;suILaMg
RtUvBinitüelIkartMeLIgEpñkkMNat;KMrb.
- Radious ¬kaM¦³ kMNat;kaMénsuILaMg
- Height ¬kMBs;¦³ kMNt;TMhMtambeNþayGkS½kNþal. cMeBaHtMélelxGviC¢manbegáIteGay)ansuILaMg
sßitenaeRkamépÞrab.
- Height Segments ¬kMNat;kMBs;¦³ kMNt;cMnYnénkarEbgEcktamGkS½cMbgrbs;suILaMg.

kMNat;kMBs;=5 kMNat;kMBs;=12 KMrb=0 KMrb=5

- Cap Segments ³ erobcMcMnYnénkarEbgEckeGay)anjwkCuMvij cMnuckNþalénEpñkelInig )atrbs;
suILaMg.
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ erobcMcMnYncMehogenACuMvijsuILaMg. CamYy nigkareRCIserIsykBakü Smooth off
RtUvbnßytYelx dUcenHvabegáIt)anvtßúragBhuekaN. cMeBaHkaryk Smooth on RtUvbEnßmtYelx ehIy
dak;RsemalelIva nig Render eGaydUcCargVg;y:agBitR)akdmYy.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ épÞmuxrbs;suILaMgmanlkçN³bnSúcUlKñakarbegáItPaBrelag KWeFVIeLIgenAkñúg
I
KMehIykar Render.



- ³ manmuxgarEdlGaceRcok)an. ¬Default= Off¦ eBlGñkbegáItcMerokmYy ehIyGñkbiTelI
Slice on

Bakü Slice on naMeGaysuILaMgmYyEdlmanrUbrageBjeljnwgbgðajeLIg. GñkGaceRbIR)as;RbGb;
Binitü (Check Box) edIm,ibiT rWebIkvas;sÞg;TaMgBIrenH.
- Slice from, Slice To³ erobcMcMnYnmuMCuMvijGkS½ Z cab;BItMélelx 0 enAelIGkS½
sMrab;karerobcMTaMgBIrenH tMélviC¢manrMkilcugéncMerok ehIyRcasnigRTnicnaLikar cMENktMélGviC¢man
manclnaRsbnwgRTnicnaLika. dUcKñaenHEdr karerobcMGaceFVIeLIgTukCamun eBjEdldl;cMnuccugeRkayenaHrag
suILaMgeBjeljmYynwgbgðajeLIg.
Generated Mapping Coordinates: erobcMelItMrUbkarénkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;pþl;sMPar³nanaEdlTak;Tgnig
suILaMg. Default= Off
edIm,IbegþItsuILaMg
1> Click elI Create cucelIpÞaMg Geometry kñúg Command Panel
2> Click elIb‘Utug Box
3> elIpÞaMg Creation Method rollout, Click elI Center
4> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday cuc Mouse enAelIenHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;kaMénépÞ)at bnÞab;
mkRBElg Mouse vijedIm,IerobcMelIkaMgTaMgenaH. karrMkileLIg rWcuH sMedAelIkMBs; dUcKña nigtMél
viC¢man rWGviC¢manEdr. Click edIm,IerobcMelIkMBs; nigbegáItsuILaMg.



2>4 Torus
Create panel cucelIbU‘tug Geometry Standard Primitives Object Type rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Torus
Creation Method Rollout
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUr Torus cab;BIRCugmYyeTARCugmYyeTot. GñkGac
pøas;bþÚrTItaMgéncMNuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUr Torus edayecjBIcMnuckNþalén Torus eTA

kan;cMnuckNþalénBMnuHkat;rgVg;. enHKWCakaMénrgVg;EdlvN½ÐCuMvij Torus.
- Radious 1 ¬kaMTI1¦³ begáItcMgayBIcMnuckNþalén Torus eTAkan;cMnuc

kNþalénBMnuHkat;rgVg;. enHKWCakaMrgVg;vNÐ½CuMvij Torus.
- Radious 2¬kaMTI2¦³ begáItkaMénBMnuHkat;rgVg;. tMélén Default KW 10 units tMélelxenHtMNageGayral;eBl
EdlGñkbegáIt Torus.



- Rotation ¬karbgVil¦³ kMNt;kMritmuMedIm,IbgVil. kñúgkarbgVilEpñkbBaÄrmanlkçN³dUcKña nigkarrt;rbs;rgVg;tam
ry³GkS½kNþalrbs;ExSvN½ÐCuMvij Torus . tMélviC¢man nigGviC¢mansMrab;erobcMkarbgVl;enH KWEpñkbBaÄrmanTis
edAdUcCaenAelIépÞmuxrbs; Torus.
- Twist ¬karmYl¦³ begáItmuMsMrab;karrmYl. karbgVilénBMnuHkat; manlkçN³kan;EtekIneLIgdUcCa clnart;rbs;

rgVg;CuMvijcMnuckNþalrbs; Torus. cMnuccab;epþImcMeBaHkarrmYlKW PaBrgVilbnþKñaénBMnuHkat; rhUtdl;BnuHcug
eRkay EdlmantMélelxénmuM )ankMNt;Rsab;.
karrmYlekok nig Torus ¬minEmnCakareRcokeT¦ begáIteGay)anCakarrYmtUcenAkMNat;TImYy. GñkGac
eCosvagbBaðaenHedaybEnßmtYelxelImuM 360 rWedaykaryk Slice on ehIyerobeGay Slice from nig Slice To
º

eTAelxsUnü edIm,IrkSa Torus eGay)aneBjelj.
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ erobcMcMnYnénkarEbgEckEdlmanlkçN³dUcCagkaMkg;enACuMvij Torus .tamry³
karkat;bnßycMnYnTaMgenHvij eyIgGacbegðItCargVg;ctuekaNCMnYseGayragrgVg;mul.
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ erobcMnYncMehogénBMnuHkat;rgVg;rbs; Torus . edaykarkat;bnßycMnYnxagelI eyIg
GacbegáItCaBMnuHkat;ragRBIwsmYyCMnYsBMnuHkat;ragrgVg;mUl.
Smooth Group ¬RkumsMrab;PaBrelag¦³

eRCIserIsykkMriténPaBrelagmYykñúgcMeNamkMritTaMg4³
- All (Default)³ KWCakarbegáItPaBrelagy:ageBjlkçN³enARKb;épÞmuxTaMgGs;rbs; Torus .
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ PaBrelagy:ageBjeljlkçN³enARKb;épÞmuxTaMgGs;rbs; Torus.
- None ¬Kμan¦³ karbiTnUvPaBrelagTaMgGs; naMeGaybegáIt)anCaépÞmuxragRBIsenAelI Torus.
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ kMNat;nimYy² manPaBrelagpÞal;rbs;vakMNat;TaMgenaH begáIteGaymanlkçN³
dUcCakgenACuMvij Torus .
- Slice On ³ kareRcok Torus tammuM 360 begáIteGay)anCacMENkmYy
º

- Slice From ³ eBleyIgebIk Slice On RtUvkMNt;muMeGay)anRtwmRtUvenAkEnøgEdlcab;epþImeRcok Torus.
- Slice To³ eBlEdleyIgebI Slice on RtUvkMNt;muMeGay)anRtwmRtUvenAkEnøgEdlkareRcok Torus RtUv
bBa©b;.
Generate Mapping Coordinates: erobcMelItMrUvkarénkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;pþl;sMPar³nanaeTA Torus .
Default = Off



edIm,IbegáIt Torus
1> Click elI Create Click elI Geometry kñúg Command Panel Click elIb‘Utug Torus
2> enaelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout cucelI Center
3> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday cuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt; Torus. tamkarTaj
enaH Torus k¾bgðajeLIgCamYynwg cMnuckNþalEdlsßitenAcMnucsñÚlrbs;va. RBElg Mouse vijedIm,IerobcMkaMén
kg; Torus .
4> rMkileTAkarkMNt;kaMénBMnuHkat;TTwg rgVg;ehIy Click edIm,IbegáItva Torus

2>5 Teaport ¬)a:n;Et¦
Creat panel Geometry botton Standard Primitives Object Type rollout Teaport Button

Create menu Standard Primitives Teaport




- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgcab;KUr Teaport BIRCugmYy eTAkan;RCugmYyeTot. GñkGac
pøas;bþÚrTItaMg éncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUr Teaport edayecjkNþaleTA.
Parameter Rollout
- Radious¬kaM¦³ begáItkaMrbs; Teaport
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ begáItcMnYncMENksMrab; Teaport rWk¾EpñknimYy²rbs;va.

- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ lkçN³bnSúIKñaénépÞmuxrbs; Teaport begáIteGay)anPaBrelagenAkñúgKMehIy
render .

¬RkuménbMENk Teaport ¦
Teaport Parts Group

eyIgyk Check Boxes ebIk rWbiTsMrab;bMENkén Teaport tamry³karebIk Default TaMGs;
eFVIeGaybegáIt )annUvrag Teaport y:ageBjlkçN³mYy.

Generate Mapping Coordinates: erobcMelIkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;GnuvtþelIkarbMBak;sMPar³elI Teaport
Default= Off
edIm,IbegáIt Teaport
1> Click elI Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel bnÞab;mk click elI Teaport b‘Utug.
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout Click elI Center
3> enAelI View port NamYyk¾eday cucelIenaHehIyGUsvamkCamYynigkarGUsenaH Teaport mYyk¾
bgðaj eLIgedaymancMNucsñÚlsßitcMkNþalénépÞ)at.
4> RBElg Mouse mkvijedIm,IerobcMelIkaM nigbegáIt Teaport


2>6 Cone ¬ekan¦
Create panel Geometry button Standard primitives object type rollout cone button
Create Menu Standard Primitives Cone

¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUrekanedaycab;BIRCugmYyeTARCugmYyeTot eyIgGacpøas;bþÚrcMnuc kNþaleday
- Edge

karrMkilTItaMgén Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUrekanedayecjBIcMnuckNþaleTA

Parameters Rollout
Default begáIt)anCaPaBrelag kñúgmYyCuMekanpÁúMeday 24cMENk ehIy
mancMnucsñÚlenAcMkNþal)at. vamankMNat;kMBs; 5 nigkMNat;sMrab;
KMrbmYy.edIm,IeFVIeGay Render kan;EtmanlkçN³RbesIreLIg eyIgRtUv
bEnßmtYelxrbs;kMNat;kMBs; edIm,I)annUvekand¾relagmYy CaBiessKW
cugRsYc.



- Radius 1¬kaMTI1¦/ Radius 2 ¬kaMTI2¦³ begáItkaMTI1 nigkaMTI2 sMrab; ekan.
cMnYnénkarbegáIttYelxtUcbMputKW sUnü cMeBaHtMélGviC¢manTaMgGs;KW pøas;CasUnü.
eyIgGacbBa©Úlkar erobcMTaMgenH edIm,IbegáItekanEdlmancugRsYc nigekanEdlmancugCaépÞrab
ehIydak;bBaÄrRtg;eTAelI rW dak; bRBa©avij. kñúgkarbBa©ÚlKñaxagelIenH
RtUvsnñtkMBs;kñúgtMélviC¢manTukCamun.

- Height ¬kMBs;¦³ begáItnUvRbEvgtambeNþayGkS½kNþal. tMélelxGviC¢manbegáIt)anekanEdlsßitenAeRkam
épÞrab.
¬kMNat;kMBs;¦³ begáItnUvcMnYnéncMENkrbs;kMNat;kMBs;tambeNþayGkS½emrbs;ekan.
- Height Segment

- Cap Segment ¬EpñkKMrb¦³ begáItcMnYnéncMENkEdlmancMnucrYmEtmYy enACuMvijcMnuckNþalénEpñkxagelI)at

rbs;ekan.

kaMTI2 = 0 begáIt)anekanEdlcugRsYc
kaMTI1 = 0 begáIt)anekaNEdlmancugRsYcbRBa©as
kaMTI1 FMCagkaMTI2 begáIt)ankMNt;ekan
kaMTI2 FMCagkaMTI1 begáIt)ankMNat;ekanbRBa©as
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ kMNt;cMnYncMehogenACuMvijekan tMélelxEdlx<s;KWmanRsemal nig Render eGaydUcCargVg;
CamYynig karykBakü Smooth. tMélelxEdlkan;EtTab begáIt)anCavtßúragBhuekaNFmμta CamYynwgkaryk
Bakü Smooth off .
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ eFVIeGayépÞmuxkat;rbs;ekanmanlkçN³bnSúIKñaenaH vanwgbegáIt)annUvPaBrelagkñúg
KMehIj Render.



- Slice On ³ manmuxgarEdlGaceRcok)an. Default=off eBlEdlcab;epþImeRcokehIy biTBakü Slice on enaH
ekanEdleBjlkçN³mYynwgbgðajeLIg. eyIgGaceRbIRbGb; Check box edJIm,IeRCIserIskarbiT rWebIkrvagkar
vas;sÞg;TaMgBIr.
- Slice from, Slice to ³begáItcMnYnmuMCuMvijGkS½ Z Edlcab;epþImBIcMnucsUnüenAelIGkS½ X
cMeBaHkarerobcMTaMgBIrxagelI tMélviC¢manmanclnarMkileTAcugrbs; Slice nigmanTisedAbRBa©asRTnic
naLika rIÉtMélGviC¢manrMkiltamTisedARTnicnaLika. CamYyKñaenHeyIgGacerobcMTukCamun)an ehIyeBlcMnuc
xagcugCYbKña naMeGayekanbgðajrUbrageLIg.

Generate Mapping Coordinates: erobcMtMrUvkarsMrab;sMrbsMrYl sMrab;karGnuvtþn_elIkarbMBak;sMPar³elIekan.
Default= Off
edIm,IbegáItekan³
1> Click elI Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel nigcucelIb‘Utug Cone
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout cucelI Center
3> elI Viewport NamYyk¾)an cucelI Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;kaMénépÞ)atrbs;ekan
bnÞab;mkRBElg Mouse vijedIm,IerobcMelIenaH. rMkileLIgelI rWcuHeRkamedIm,IkMNt;kMBs;k¾dUcnig
tMélviC¢man rWGviC¢manEdr ehIycucelIenaHedIm,ICakarkMNt;. karrMkiledIm,IkMNt;kaMrbs;cMnucmYy
eTotrbs;ekan. bnßytMélkaMeTAelx 0 edIm,I)anekanEdlmancugRsYc.
4> Click edIm,IerobcMelIkaMgTIBIr nigbegáIt)anekan.



2>7 Geoshpere
Create Panel Geometry Button Standard Primitives Object Type Rollout Geosphere button

Create menu Standard Primitives Geosphere

- Diameeter ¬viC¢maRt¦³ KUr Geosphere cab;BIRCugmYyeTAkan;RCugmYyeTot. eyIgGacbþÚrTItaMgéncMnuckNþal
edaykarrMkil Mouse.

- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUr Geosphere ecjBIcMnuckNþal.
Parameters Rollout
- Radius¬kaM¦³ begáItTMhMrbs; Geosphere
- Segment ¬kMNat;¦³ begáItcMnYnépÞmuxsrubenAelI Geosphere. cMnYnépÞ

muxenAelI Geosphere KWesμInwgcMnYndgéncMehogrbs; Polyhydron elIk
Cakaer.



cMeBaHkMNat;EdlmantMélelxkan;EtTab KWmandMeNIrkar)anl¥. cMENkkareRbIR)as;kMNat;mantMélGtibrma
rhUtdl; 200 GacbegáIt)anépÞmux dl;eTA 800/000 b:uEnþCarUbbgðajEdlmanlkçN³Gn;minsUvl¥.
Geodesic Base Type Group
eyIgGnuBaØateGayGñkeRCIserIsykrag Polyhydron FmμtamYykñúgcMeNam Polyhydrons TaMgbIsMrab;Ca
RKwHén Geometry rbs;EsV‘r.
- Tetra ³ KWCamUldæanRKwHénctumux ¬muxbYn¦ épÞmuxEdlmanragRtIekaNGacpøas;bþÚrTMrg; nigTMhM)an.
EsV‘rmYyGacbMEbkCabYncMENkesμIKña.
- Octa³ KWCamUldæanRKwHénGdæmux ¬muxR)aMbI¦ épÞEdlmanragCaRtIekaNGacpøas;bþÚrTMrg;nig TMhM)an.EsV‘r
mYyGacbMEbkeTACaR)aMbIcMENkesμIKña.
- Icosa³ KWCamUldæanRKwHragmanmuxémÖ épÞmuxragRtIekaNTaMgGs;manTMhMesμI²Kña. EsV‘rGacbMEbkCacMnYn
Nak¾)anEdlmankMNat;esμIKña. KWCamUldæanRKWHénBhuekaN nigkarEbgEckmuxémÖ.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ PaBrelagGacGnuvtþ)aneTAelIEpñkxagelIrbs;EsV‘r.
- Hemisphere ³ KWCakarbegáIttaragBak;kNþalEsV‘r.
- Base To Pivote ¬BI)ateTAsñÚl¦³ erobcMTItaMgsMrab;cMnucsñÚl eBlEdleyIgebIkva enaHcMnucsßitenA)at
eRkaménEsV‘r ktþaTaMgenHminmanp;lb:HBal;GVIenAeBlEdl Hemesphere enAebIkeT.

Generated Mapping Coords ³Gnuvtþn_ Default sMrab;sMrbsMrYlelIkarerob Geosphere
edIm,IbegáIt Geosphere
1> Click Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel nig Click elI Geosphere
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout cucelI Center
3> enAkñúg ViewportNamYycuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedImI,kMNt;cMnuckNþal nigkaMrbs;
Geosphere
4> erobcMelI Parameters dUcCa Geodesic Base Type nig Segments



2>8 Tupe ¬TIb¦
Create Panel Geometry button Standard Primitives Objective type rollout Tube button
Creation menu Standard Primitives Tube

- Edge ¬RCug¦³ KUrTIbBIRCugmYyeTAeTARCugeTot. eyIgGacpøas;bþÚrTItaMgéncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil
Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUrTIbecjBIcMnuckNþaleTA.
Parameters Rollout
Default eFVIeGay)anCaPaBrelag bMBg;TIbmYypÁúMedaycMehogcMnYn18
nigmancMnucsñÚlsßitenAcMkNþal )at vamankMNat;sMrab;kMBs;5 nigmankMNat;mYysMrab;KMrb.
ebIGñkminmanKMnitpøas;bþÚrragsuILaMgdUcCapøas;bþÚr edaykarBt; karkMNt;kMBs;eTACaelx1
edIm,Ikat;bnßynUvPaBsμúKsμaj. ebIGñkcg;pøas;bþÚrcugrbs;suILaMgRtUv emIlelIkarbEnßmcMnYnrbs;KMrb.



- Radius1, Radius2³ cMeBaHkaMxageRkArbs;TIbRtUverobcMeGay
mantMélelxFMCag ehIykaMenAxagkñúgerobcMeGaytUcCag.
- Height ¬kMBs;¦³ kMNt;cMgaytambeNþayGkS½kNþal. tMél
GviC¢manrbs;kMBs;begáIteGay)anCaTIbsßitenAeRkamépÞrab.
- Height Segment ¬kMNat;kMBs;¦³ erobcMcMnYnéncMENktam
beNþayGkS½emrbs;TIb.
- Cap Segments ¬KMrb¦³ erobcMcMnYncMENkEdlmancMnuckNþal
rYmKña enACuMvijén)at nigEpñkxagelIrbs;TIb.
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ kMNt;cMnYncMehogenACuMvijTIb tMélelxkan;Etx<s; pþl;nUvRsemal nig Render bEnßmman
lkçN³dUcCargVg;Bit² TnÞwmnigkarEdleyIgykBakü Smooth on. cMeBaHtMélelxkan;EtTabvanwg begáIt)anCa
vtßúragBhuekaNFmμtamYy edayeyIgykBakü Smooth Off.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ eBlEdleyIgebIkelI Default enaHépÞmuxrbs;TIbmanlkçN³bnSIcUlKña ehIybegáIt
eGay)anCaPaBrelagelceLIgenAkñúgKMehIj Render.
- Slice on³ manlkçN³sMrab;eGayeyIgeRcokvtßúecj)an. kEnøgEdlRtUveRcokecjenaHsßitenAv½NÐCuMvijTIb.
Default =Off
- Slice From; Slice To³ erobcMtMélelxénmuMCuMvijGkS½ Z edaycab;BIcMnucsUnüenAelIGkS½ X .
Generate Mapping Coodinates³ erobcMelItMrUvkarsMrab;karsMrbsMrYledIm,IGnuvtþkñúgkarbMBak;sMPar³elITIb.
Default =Off
edIm,IbegáItTIb
1> Click elI Creat cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Tube
2> enAelI Creation Method Rollout Click elI Center
3> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday cuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;kaMTImYy EdlkaMenaH
GacCakaMenAkñúg rWenAxageRkATIbRBElg Mouse mkvijedIm,IerobcMelIkaMTI1enaH. rMkileTAedIm,IkMNt;
elIkaMTI2 ehIy Click edIm,IerobelIva. rMkileLIgelI rW cuHeRkamedIm,IkMNt;d¾dUcCatMélviC¢man rW
GviC¢man.
4> Click edIm,IkMNt;elIkMBs; nigbegáItTIbeLIg.



2>9 Pyramid ¬BIr:amIt¦
Create panel Geometry button Standard Primitives Object Type Rollout Pyramid Button

Creation Menu Standard Primitives Pyramid
¬)at¼kMBUl¦³ begáIt)atBIr:amItcab;BIRCugmYyeTAkan;RCugmYyeTotEdlenAQmmuxKña.
- Base/Apex

- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ begáIt)atBIra:mItcab;BIcMnuckNþaleTa.

Parameters Rollout ³

- Width Depth and Height ¬TTwg/ CMerA nigkMBs;¦ erobcMcMgayrbs;
cMehogénBIr:amItEdlmanlkçN³suIKña.
- Width Depth and Height Segs ¬kMNat;TTwg kMNat;beNþay nig
kMNat;kMBs;¦³ erobcMcMnYnrbs;kMNat;EdlTak;TgeTAnwg cMehogrbs;
BIra:mIt.


Generate Mapping Coordinates ³ erobcMtMrUvkarsMrab;sMrbsMrYledIm,IGnuvtþelIkarbMBak; sMPar³enAelIBIra:mIt.
Default = Off
edIm,IbegáItBIr:amIt
1> Click Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel ehIy Click elI Pyramid b‘Utug
2> enaelI Creation method rollout cucelI Base/Apex
3> enAelI Viewport NamYy cuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;)atrbs; Pyramid. ebIeyIgcg;
eRbI)at rWkMBUl RtUvkMNt;eGayc,as;BIcMnucpÞúyKñarbs;)at karrMkil Mouse epþk rWbBaÄrKWedIm,IkMNt;elITTwg nig
kMBs;rbs;)at. ebIsinGñkcg;eRbIR)as;elIcMnuckNþal RtUvcuc Mouse ehIyGUsecjBIcMnuckNþalén)ateTA.
bnÞab;mk Click elIenaH ehIyrMkil Mouse edIm,IkMNt;kMBs;.
4> Click edIm,IsMerc)anBIr:amItmYy.



2>10 Plane ¬épÞrab¦
Create panel Geometry button Standard Primitives Object Type rollout Plane button Create menu
Standard Primitives > Plane

Create Menu Standard Primitives Plane

- Rectangle ¬ctuekaNEkg¦³ begáItépÞrabkMritdMbUgedaycab;BIRCugmYy eTARCugmYyeTotEdlenAQmmuxKña
cMeBaHkarerobcMkñúgeBlEtmYyrvagtMélelxTaMgGs;xus² KñadUCabeNþay nigTTwg.
- Square ¬kaer¦³ begáItépÞrabragkaermYyEdlmanbeNþay nigTTwgesμIKña eyIgGacpøas;bþÚrcMgayTaMgGs;enA
pÞaMgkargar Parameters EdlbgðajtameRkay.
Parameter Rollout
- Length, Width ¬beNþay/TTwg¦³ erobcMRbEvgbeNþay TTwg nigkMBs;rbs;épÞrab. kargarenHnwgbgðajeGay
eyIgeXIjRsab;kñúgxN³EdlGñkGUs Mouse ecjBIcMehogRbGb;. GñkGacBinitüemIleLIgvijBItMélTaMgLay.
Default=0,0,0

- Length Segs, Width Segs ³ begáItcMnYncMENktambeNþay
GkS½nimYy² rbs;vtßú. eyIgGacerobcMTukCamun rWeRkaykar
begáIt tamry³ Default, enAtamcMehognimYy² rbs;épÞrabpÁúM
edaykMNat;bYn. eBlEdleyIgerobcMeLIgvijBItMélelxTaMg
enHtMélfμIEdlbegáIteLIg nwgkøayCa Default fμIsMrab;vKÁfμI.

Render Multipilers Group
³ karkMNt;eGaycMnUvktþanImYy² KWbeNþay nigTTwgEdlGaceGayeyIgeFVIkar Render )aneRcIn
- Render Scale

dg. Scaling ¬maRtdæan¦ bgðajeLIgBIcMnuckNþaleTAxageRkA.
- Render Segs³ kMNt;ktþanimYy² tamry³cMnYnénkMNat;rbs;beNþay nigTTwgEdl Render )aneRcIndg.



Generate Mapping Coordinates ³ begáItkarsMrbsMrYlkñúgkarGnuvtþn_elIkarbMBak;sMPar³ elIépÞrab.
Default=Off
edIm,IbegáItépÞrab ³
1> Click Creat cucelI Geometry enAkñúg Command Panel ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Plane
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout Click elI Rectangle .
3> enAkñúg Viewport NamYycuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IbegáItCaépÞrab.
4> Click edIm,IbegáItnUvépÞrab



3> Shape ¬RTg;RTay¦
RTg;Tay rWragKWCabnÞat; 2D rWk¾ 3D nigCaRkuménbNþalbnÞat;TaMgLayNaEdlCaFmμtaGñkeRbIR)as;vaCa
smasPaKrbs;kmμvtßú (Object) d¾éTeTot. PaKeRcInénRTg;RTayEdleKkMNt;eGaymkRsab;eRcIn EtbegáItBI
Spline .

3>1 Lines ¬bnÞat;¦
Create Panel Shape Splines Object Type Rollout Line
Create menu Shapes Line
³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkbegáItkmμvtßúCasV½yRbvtþienAelIépÞmuxénvtßúd¾éTeTot edaykarbegáIteLIg
- Auto Grid

nigkareFVIeGayskmμeLIgnUvsMNg; épÞrabbeNþaHGasnñmYy edayEp¥kelIPaBFmμtaénépÞEdlGñk Click elI.
begáItnUvRTg;RTayfμI ³ rUbrag rWRTg;RTaymYyGacmanEt Spline EtmYyrW vaGac)anmkBIkarbBa©ÚlKñaén Spline
CaeRcIn.
eyIgeFVIkarkMNt;GMBIcMnYnrbs; Splines kñúgRTg;RTaymYyedayeRbIR)as;nUv b‘Utug Start New Shape nig
Check Box enAelI Object Type Rollout Check box EdlenACab;nwgb‘Utug Sart New Shape kMNt;faetIenAeBlNa

EdlRTg;RTayfμImYyRtUvbegáIteLIg. enAeBlEdleyIgebIkBakü Box kmμviFIbegáItnUvRTg;RTaykmμvtßúfμImYyerog
ral;eBlEdlGñkbegáIt Spline eLIg. eBlEdleyIgykBakü Box biTvij/ Spline RtUvbBa©ÚleTAkñúgRTg;RTayEt
mYyEdlGñkeTIbbegáItfμI ehIyEdlva)at;eTAvij)anrhUtdl;eBlEdlGñk Click elIb‘Utug Start New Shape.

b‘Utug Shape Sellection³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMNt;Cak;lak;nUvRbePTRTg;RTayEdlRtUvbegáIt.
Name and Color Rollout³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkdak;eQμaH vtßúmYy nigkMNt;nUvBN’rbs;va. karRtYtBinitüelIkarerob

cMTaMgenHbgðajBIrebobEdl Spline RtUv)anbegáIt. ExSekag
Spline RtUv)anEbgEckCabnÞat;tUc²CaeRcIneTot EdlGacCa

ExSekagBitR)akdmYy. cMnYnEbgEckrvagkMBUlnimYy²enAelI
Spline ehAfa Steps enAeBlEdl Steps eRbIkan;EteRcInenaHExS

ekagkan;EtmanlkçN³c,as;eLIg².
Steps= Splines Steps GacKWCalkçN³ERbRbYl “Adaptive” ¬EdlGacbegáItedaysV½yRbvtþiedayRKan;EtebIknUv

Bakü Adaptive ¦ rWk¾CakarkMNt;edayéd.



enAeBlEdlBakü Adaptive biTenaHeyIgRtUveRbIR)as; Steps Field/ Spinner edIm,IkMNt;nUvcMnYncMENkkMBUl
nimYy². cenøaHEdlmansuBlPaBKWBI 0 eTA 100 Steps . Splines EdlmanExSekagENnceg¥ót TamTarnUvSteps
kan;EteRcIneLIg edIm,IemIleXIjc,as;l¥ kñugxN³EdlExSekagmanlkçN³ekagticRtUvkar Steps tictYcb:ueNÑaH.
Optimize³ eBlebIkvaRtUvykecjeGayGs;nUv Steps EdlminRtUvkarBIkMNat;EdlRtg; (Straingnt Segments) enA

kñúg Splines. Optimize minGaceRbI)aneT enAeBlEdl Adaptive ebIkEdr. Default= Off
Adaptive ³enAeBlEdlbiT eyIgGacebIkelI Control rbs; Manual Interpalation edayeRbIR)as; Optimize nig

Steps sMrab; Spline nimYy² edIm,ibegáItecjCaExSekagEdlmanlkçN³rlUnmYy. Straight Segment EtgEtTTYl

nUv 0 Steps .

enAxageqVg nig Adaptive Spline enAxagsþaMCalT§pltamry³karemIlBIxagsþaM eyIgeXIjeRKag
Optimize Spline

ragvtßúEdlmanlkçN³CaExSlYsBT½§CuMvij.
Rendering Rollout
GñkGacebIk rWbiTlT§pl Render eTAelI Spline )ankMNt;kMras;
rbs;enAkñúgKMehIysMrab;Render Parameters Gacmanclna)an
]TahrN_³ GñkGaceGaycMnYncMehogmanclna.

GñkGacbþÚrPaBbnSúIKñaEdl)anbgðajeGay eTACavtßúbnSúIKñaedayGnuvtþelI Edit Mesh rWk¾bþÚreTACa Editable mesh
k¾)an. RbBn½§enHnwgeRbIR)as;elIkarerobcM Viewport sMrab;bnøas;nUvPaBbnSúIKñaRbsinebI Use Viewport Setting



RtUv )anRtYtBinitürYcral;ehIy ebImindUcenHeTvanwgeRbIR)as;elIkarerobcM Render vij.
lkçN³TaMgenHpþl;nUvkarbt; EbnGtibrmanigEtgEtpþl;nUvbnøas;bþÚrPaBbnSúIKñaEdlbgðajecjenAkñúg Viewports.
- Viewport³ ebIkelIBakü Viewport nigerobcMelIkMras; cMehognigmuM.
- Render³ ykBakü Render nigerobcMelIkMras; cMehognig muM.
- Thickness ¬kMras;¦³ erocMkMras;edIm,IkMNt;Ggát;p©itén Viewports rW Renders Spline
(Spinner Value: Float, 0.0 eTA 1>0E30¦

Render eTAelIkMras;rbs; Spline KW 1>0 nig 5>0 eTAtam Spline nimYy².
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ begáItcMnYncMehogsMrab; Spline EdlmanlkçN³bnSúIKñaenAkñúg Viewport rW Render ]TahrN_³
tMélmYykñúgcMeNamtMél4 niwgeGayGñkTTYl)annUvBMnuHkatragkaermYy.
- Angle ¬muM¦³ sMrbsMrYleTATItaMgénkarbgVisBMnuHkat;enAkñúg viewport rW renderd . ]TahrN_³ RbsinebIGñkman
BMnuHkat;ragkaermYy GñkGaceRbImuMeTATItaMg “Flat” EdlmanlkçN³cuHeRkam.
- Renderable ¬lkçN³Gac Renders )an¦³ eBlEdlebIk TMrg;Edlnwg Render eRbI)ancMeBaHEt Parameters
Edl )ankMNt;Tuk.

Generate Mapping Coords ³ eyIgebIelIcMnucenHedIm,IGnuvtþelI Mapping Coordinates karsMrbsMrYlrag U KWruMBI
eRkACuMvijkMras;én Spline.
Tiling ³ RtUv)anbMeBjcMeBaHkareRbIR)as; Tiling Parameters kñúgkarbMBak;sMPar³dUcCaerobdækar:UedayxøÜnÉg.

- Display Render Mesh ³ lkçN³énkarbgðajBIsPaBbnSúIKñakñúg Render )anbegáIteGaymanedaysar splines.



- Use Viewport Setting ³ bgðajBIPaBbnSúIKñaEdlbegáIteday viewport setting.
man Tool CaeRcInrbs; Spline EdleRbIelI Creation Method Rollout. en
elIpÞaMgkargarenHGñkeRCIserIs karkMNt;n½yeGay Spline tamry³cMnuckNþalrbs;k¾dUcCa viCÄekaNrbs;va
¬RCugbeBaäóg¦.
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ karcucelI Mouse dMbUgKWkarkMNt;n½yrbs;cMnucenAelIcMehog rWenAcMnucRCugénrUbrag ehIyGñkcuc
elI Mouse edIm,IGUsykGgát;p©it rWRCugbeBaäóg.
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ karcucelI Mouse elIkdMbUgKW karkMNt;n½yrbs;cMnuckNþalrUbrag ehIyGñkGUsedIm,I
eGay)ankaMnigcMnucenAcMRCug.
Keyboard Entry Rollout
GñkGacbegáIt Splines CaeRcInedayeRbIR)as; Keyboard Entry
kñúgdMeNIrkarenHmanlkçN³dUcKñaCaTUeTA cMeBaH Splines
TaMgGs;ehIy Parameters TaMgLayKW manenAeRkamBakü
Keyboard Entry.

Keyboard Entry edImdMbUgmaneRcInRbePTkñúgcMnYnén Parameters

ehIyrUbPaBxagelIbgðajnUv Keyboard Entry Rollout FmμtamYy
sMrab;begáItragrgVg;mUl. Keyboard Entry Rollout pÞúknUvkargar
begáItcMnucdMbUg. karpøas;bþÚrtYelxedIm,Ipøas;bþÚr parameters kñúg
karbMeBjeGay)an Spline mYy.

vaybBa©ÚltMélelxenAkñúgépÞTMenrnimYy² ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Create edIm,IbegáIt Spline. viFIsa®sþkñúgkarbegþIt
bnÞat;manlkçN³xusKñaBIkarbegáIt Spline. GñkeRCIserIsnUv Option edIm,IkarRtYtBnitüelIRbePTénkMBUlrbs;va
eBlGñk Click rWGUsTTwg. GñkGacerobcMTukCamun nUvRbePT Default rbs; Spline bBaÄr enAeblEdlbegáItbnÞab;
CamYykarerobcMTaMgenH.


Initial Type Group¬RbePTRkumdMbUg¦
erobcMRbePTéncugkMBUlEdlGñkbegáIt eBlGñk Click TItaMgNamYyrbs;kMBUl
- Corner ¬RCugEkg¦³ begáIteGay)ancMnucmYy Spline manlkçN³CaCYrdUcKña nigEpñkénkMBUl.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ begáIteGay)anCaPaBrelag minmankartMrg;eT KWmanlkçN³CaExSekageq<aHeTAkan;
kMBUl. cMnYnrbs;ExSbnÞat;ekagenHerobcMtamry³KMlaténExSbBaÄr.
Drag Type Group
erobcMRbePTénkMBUlEdlGñknwgbegáIt eBlGñkGUsTItaMgrbs;kMBUl. kMBUlmanTItaMgenARtg;cMnuc cursor
eBlEdlGñkcucelI Mouse elIkdMbUgTisedAnig cMgayEdlGñkTajecjmk KWeRbIsMrab;EtkarbegáItelIExSbBaÄr
Bezier.

- Corner ¬RCugEkg¦³ begáIt)ancMnucmYy Spline manlkçN³CaCYrdUcKña nigEpñkénkMBUl.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ begáIt)anPaBrelag minmankartMrg;eTKW manlkçN³CaExSbnÞat;ekageq<aHeTA
kan;kMBUl.
- Bezier ³ begáItPaBrelag Gacbt;Ebn)aneTAkan;kMBUl. cMnYnénExSekag nigTisedAénPaBekag KWkMnt;
edaykarGUs Mouse eTAkan;EpñkTTwgnimYy².
edIm,IbegáItbnÞat;³
1> Create Panel eRCIserIsBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIbU‘tug Line
3> erobcMelIkarEkelxbEnßm
4> Click Mouse rWGUsecjedIm,Icab;epþImcMnuc nigGUscMnucbEnßm
5> erobcMelIkar Render elIkMras;
6> Click elI Render Scene Botton
7> bnÞab;mkGñkGacemIleXIjbnÞat;Edl Render ehIy.



3>2 Rectangle ¬ctuekaNEkg¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Rectangle

Create menu Shapes Rectangle
Creation Method Rollout ³
ragctuekaNEkg eRbIR)as;karbegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdlman Spline CamUldæan
RKwH KWeRbIR)as; Parameters kñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameters Rollout:
eBlEdlGñkbegáItragctuekaNEkg)anmþgehIyGñkGaceFVIkar
bþÚr nUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter TaMgenH)an.



- Length ¬beNþay¦³ sMrab;kMNt;TMhMrbs;ctuekaNEkgtamGkS½ X
- Width ¬TTwg¦³ sMrab;kMNt;TMhMrbs;ctuekaNEkgtamry³GkS½ X
- Corner Radius ¬muMEkg¦³ sMrab;begáItRCugmanragmUl eBlGñkkMNt;tMélelxeTAsUnü enaHctuekaNEkgnwg
manmuM 90 enARCugnimYy².
º

edIm,IbegáItctuekaNEkg
1> Create Panel eRCIserIsykBakü Shape
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Rectangle
3> eRCIserisviFIsa®sþkñúgkarbegáIt
4> GUs Mouse mkkñúg Viewport NamYyedIm,IbegáItctuekaNEkg
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;ctuekaNEkg



3>3 rgVg; (Circle)
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Circle
Create menu Shapes Circle

General Rollout

Spline EdlpÁúMCa)atTaMgGs;CaTUeTAman Parameters dUcKña
ragrgVg;eRbIR)as;karbegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdl Spline CamUldæanRKwHKW
eRbIR)as; Parameters enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameter Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáItragrgVg;)anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚr
nUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter TaMgenH)an³

Radius ¬kaM¦³ kMNt;kaMrgVg;
edIm,IbegáItrgVg;
1> Create Panel eRCIserIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Circle
3> eRCIserIsviFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
4> GUs Mouse enAelI Viewport mYyedIm,IbegáItrgVg;
5> erobcM Parameter rbs;rgVg;



3>4 eGlIb (Ellipse)
Create Panel Shapes Splines Object Type Rollout Ellipse
Create Menu Shapes Ellipse

rageGlIbeRbIR)as;karegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esIÞrEtTaMgGs;énragEdlman Spline CamUldæanRKwH
KWeRbIR)as; Parameter enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameters Rollout ³

eBlEdlbegáItrageGlIb)anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚrnUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter TaMgenH.



Length ¬beNþay¦³ sMrab;kMNt;TMhMrbs;eGlIbtamGkS½ Y
Width ¬TTwg¦³ kMNt;TMhMrbs;eGlIbtamGkS½ X

edIm,IbegáIt Ellipse³
1> Create Panel ehIyeRCIserIsBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaM Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘UtUg Ellipse
3> eRCIserIsviFIsa®sþkñúgkarbegáIt
4> GUs Mouse eTAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáIteGlIb
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;eGlIb



3>5 Arc ¬GkS½¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Arc
Create menu Shapes Arc

Creation Method rollout
karbgðajenH bgðajBIlMdab;edayénkar Click elI Mouse Edl
Cab;Bak;Bn½§nigkarbegáItGkS½.
- End-End Middle³ cucelI Mouse rYcGUsecj ehIyRBElgvijedIm,IkMNt;cugTaMgBIrrbs;GkS½ nig Click edIm,I
kMNt;cMnucTI3EdlenAcenøaHcMnucFugTaMgBIr.
- Center –End-End ³cucelI Mouse edIm,IkMNt;TItaMgrbs;cMnuckNþalrbs;GkS½ GUsecjehIyRBElgvijedIm,I
kMNt;cMnuccugrbs;GkS½ nigcucmþgeTotedIm,IkMNt;ykcMnucmçageTot.

begáItGkS½mYyedayeRbI viFIsa®sþ End-End- Middle

begáItGkS½mYyedayeRbIviFIsa®sþ Center-End-End

Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlbegáIt)anGkS½mþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚrnUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter xageRkam³

- Radius ³kMNt;kaMénGkS½
- From ¬cab;BI¦³ kMNt;TItaMgéncMnuccab;epþImedaykar
vas;muMcab;BIcMnYnviC¢maneTAtamGkS½ X



- To ¬eTAkan;¦³ kMNt;TItaMgéncMnucbBa©b;edaykarvas; muMcab;BIcMnYnviC¢manenAelIGkS½ X .
Pie Slice³ eBleyIgebIkelI Pre Slice KWCakarbegáIt Spline d¾CitmYyEdlmanragdUcCa Pie. cMnuccab;epþIm nig

bBa©b;P¢ab;eTAnwgcMnuckNþaledaykMNat;Rtg;².

edIm,IbegáItGkS½
1> Create Panel erIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout click elIb‘Utug Arc
3> eRCIserIsviFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
4> GUs Mouse eTAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáItGkS½
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;GkS½



3>6 Donuts ¬dUNat;¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Donut
Create menu Shapes Donut

Create Method rollout
ragerArbs; Donut eRbIR)as;viFIsa®sþénkarbegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdl
man Splines CamUldæanRKwH KWeRbIR)as; Parameter enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáItrag Donut )anmþgehIy GñkGacpøas;bþÚrkareRbIR)as; Parameter xageRkamenH)an ³

- Radius 1¬kaMTI1¦³ erobcMkaMsMrab;rgVg;TImYy
- Radius 2¬kaMTI2¦³ erocMkaMsMrab;rgVg;TIBIr

edIm,IbegIát Donut
1> Create Panel erIsykBakü Shares
2> enAelI Object Type Rollout, Click elIb‘Utug Donut
4> GUs Mouse enAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáItGkS½
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;GkS½
6> cUlkñúg Modify panel erIsykBakü Extrude
7> erobcMcMnYnsMrab; Exturde
8> bnÞab;mkGñknwgeXIjTIbmYyenAkñúg Viewport



9> Click elIb‘Utug Bend
10> erobcMelIcMnYnsMrab; Bend
11> bnÞab;mkeyIgnwgeXIjragmanlkçN³dUcCaEkgéd



3>7 Ngon
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout NGon
Create menu Shapes Ngon

Creation Method rollout
karbegáItrag Ngon eRbIR)as;viFIsa®sþtamKMrUkarbegáIt Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdlman
Splines CamUldæanRKwH KWeRbIR)as;nUv Parameters enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.

Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáItrag Ngon )anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;
bþÚrkareRbIR)as; Parameters xageRkam³
- Radius ³ kMNt;kaMrbs; Ngon



- Inscribed ¬cMNar¦³ kaMRtUv)anvas;BIcMnuckNþaleTAcMnuc RCugrbs; Ngon
- Circumscribed Radius ¬karvilduMénkaM¦³ kaMRtUv)anvas;BIcMnuckNþaleTAkan;cMehogrbs; Ngon KWcab;BI 3 eTA

100.
- Corner Radius ¬kaMenAcMnucRCug¦ ³ kMNt;muMenACuMvij nig apply eTAkan;RCugEkgrbs; Ngon. karbegáItmuM 0 KWCa

KMrUmYysMrab;kMNt;RCugmanragmUl.
- Cicular ¬cracr¦³ eBlEdlebIk kMNt;clnakñúgkareFVIcracrrbs; Ngon

edIm,IbegáIt Ngon ³
1> Creation Panel erIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Objective type rollout Click elIb‘Utug Ngon
3> eRCIserIsviFIFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
4> GUs Mouse enAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáIt Ngon
5> erobcM Parameter rbs; Ngon



3>8 Star ¬páay¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Star
Create menu Shapes Star

Parameters rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáIt)anragpáaymþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚreRbIR)as; Parameters xageRkam)an³
- Radius1 ¬kaMTImYy¦³ kMNt;rbs;ExSbBaÄrkñúg ¬RClg¦énpáay.
- Radius 2¬kaMTIBIr¦³ kMNt;kaMrbs;ExSbBaÄreRkA ¬cMnucRsYc¦énpáay.
- Points ¬cMnuc¦³ kMNt;cMnYnéncMnucenAelIpáay CYrEdlGacykCakar)ancab;BI 3 100.
páaymanExSbBaÄreRcInCag 2dgcMnYncMnucEdl)ankMNt;. Bak;kNþalénExSbBaÄrKWenAelIkaMmYytamtamTMrg;
cMnuc nigExSbBaÄrEdlenAsl;KW enAelIkaMd¾éTeTottamTMrg;RClg.



- Distortion ¬kareFVIeGayxusPaBedIm¦³ karbgVilExSbBaÄrxageRkAcMnuc. RbEhlnigcMnuckNþalrbs;
páay ktþaenHeFVIeGaymanplb:HBal;edaykarkøayCaragdUceFμjrNa.

Fillet Radius1 ¬kaMbMeBjkaMTI1¦³ enACuMvijExS bBaÄrxagkñúg
¬RClg¦rbs;páay.
Fillet Radius 2¬bMeBjkaMTI2¦³ enACuMvijExSbBaÄrxageRkA

¬cMnuc¦ rbs;páay.

edIm,IbegáItpáay³



edIm,IbegáItpáay
1> Create Panel erIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object type Rollout, Click elIb‘Utug Ngon
4> GUs Mouse eTAkñúg Viewport mYyedIm,IbegáIt Ngon
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs; Ngon
3>9 Text ¬GtßbT¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Objcet Type Rollout Text
Create Menu Shapes Text

Parameters Rollout
eBlGñkbegáItGtßbT)anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIeGaykarpøas;bþÚreRbIR)as; Parameters TaMgenH)an³

- Font List ³ eRCIserIsecjBItarag Font TaMgLayEdl
GaceRbIkar)anKW rYmman Font Edl)anbBa©Úlkñúg
Windows ehIy. vayGkSrmYyBaküén font kñúg

Configure Path Dialog.

- Halic Style Button ¬m:UdbBaäit¦³ erobcMeGayGtßbT

bBaäit)ans¥atl¥.
- Underline Style Button ¬KUsbnÞat;BIeRkam¦³ sMrab;

KUrbnÞat;BIeRkamGtßbT.
- Align Left ¬tMrg;xageqVg¦³ tMrg;GtßbTeGayeTAeqVgénRbGb;sMrab;sresr.
- Center ¬kNþal¦³ tMrwmGtßbTeGayenAcMkNþalRbGb;sresr

- Align Right ¬tMrg;xagsþaM¦³ sMrab;tMrg;GtßbTeGayeTAxagsþaMénRbGb;sMrab;sresr.

- Justify ¬RtwmesμIKñasgxag¦³ épÞenAsgxagRKb;CYrénGtßbTRtUvsn§wgeGayeBjRbGb;sresr.



Note ³ cMeBaHkartMrg;GtßbTTaMg4 RbePTxagelIenH RtUvkareGaymanCYrsMeNrenAGtßbTeRcIn BieRBaHvabgðaj
enAelIGtßbTEdlmanTMnak;TMngKñakñúgRbGb;. RbsinebIGtßbTmanGkSrEtmYyCYr enaHvanwgmanTMhMEtmYyenAkñúg
RbGb;sesr ehIyminmankEnøgsMrab;eTA)aneT.
- Size ¬TMhM¦³ erocMelIkMBs;GtßbT EdlviFIsa®sþkñúgkarvas;kMBs;GtßbTenHKW )anbgðajedayclnaénBum<GkSr.

enAeBldMbUgEdlGñkvayGtßbT TMhMEdlCa Default rbs;vaman 100 units.
- Kerning ³ RtUvdak; Kerning eGay)anRtwmRtUv ¬cMgayrvagGkSrmYyeTAmYyeTot¦

- Leading ¬naMmux¦³ erobcMelI Leading ¬cMgayrvagCYrnimYy²¦ vamanRbsiT§PaBenAeBlNaEdlmanCYrGkSr

eRcInénGtßbTrYmbBa©ÚlkñúgTMrg;mYyRsab;.
- Text Edit box ³ GnuBaØati)ansMrab;GtßbTEdlmanCYreRcIn. cuc Enter bnÞab;BICYrnimYy² énGtßbTedIm,Icab;epþIm

CYrbnÞab;. lkçN³dMbUgén Defaults KW “Max Text” . RbGb;sMrab;vayGtßbTmin)anTTYlsÁal;CamYynwgcegáam
BaküeT. GñkGackat;Bakü nigbiT (Paste) vijEtmYyCYr rWeRcInCYr tamry³ Clipboard.
Update Group
krNIenHGaceGayGñkeFVIkareRCIserIskareFVIeGayTan;sm½yEdlbegáItsMrab;sßankarN_EdlmanlkçN³sμúKsμaj
énTMrg;rbs;GtßbTEdlFMeFgsMrab;kareFVIeGaykan;EtTMenIbedayPaBGUtUm:aTic.
Update kareFVIeGayGtßbTmanlkçN³TMenIbenAkñúg viewport edIm,IpÁúMeGaysuIKñacMeBaHkarerobcMPøam²enAkñúg

Text Display Window . b‘UtugenHeRbI)anEtenAeBlEdl Manual Update kMBugebIk.

Manual Update eBlEdlebIk GtßbTEdlGñkvayGtßbT Text display window minbgðajenAkñúg Viewport

eT rhUtTal;EtGñk Click elIb‘Utug Update.
edIm,IbegáItGtßbT³
1> Create panel erIsykBakü shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Text
3> Enter GtßbTEdlGñkcg;)ankñúg Text Window
4> Click elI Viewport NamYyedIm,IbegáIt Caracter
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;GtßbT



3>10 Herix
Create Panel Shapes Splines Objcet Type Rollout Helix
Create menu Shapes Helix

Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáIt Herix )anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkar
pøas;bþÚr Parameter TaMgenH)an.



- Radius 1³ kMNt;kMBs;rbs; Herix
- Radius 2³ kMNt;kaMedIm,IbBa©b; Herix

- Height ³kMNt;kMBs;rbs; Herix

- Turn ¬karbEgVr¦³ kMNt;cMnYnénkarbEgVr Herix Edlcab;epþImrvagcMnuccab;epþIm nigcMnucbBa©b;.

- Bias ³ KWCasMNagbEgVredIm,IeGayekIneLIgnUvcMnucmYyrbs; Herix Bias min)anbgðajkaremIleXIjnUv

RbsiT§PaBGVIeTEdlkMBs;mantMél 0>0.
edIm,IbegáIt Herix
1> Create panel erIsBakü shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Herix
3> Click elI Renderarable nigerobcMelIkMras;
4> Click elIviFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
5> GUs Mouse cUlkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáI Herix
6> erobcMelI Parameters rbs; Herix
7> Click elIpÞaMg Render Scence Toolbar EdlenAelI Toolbar
8> GñknwgeXIjkar Render elI Herix CamYynwgkMras;rbs;va



3>11 BMnuH (Selection)
Creation Panel Shapes Spines Object Type Rollout Section
Create Menu Shapes Section

Section Parameters Rollout
- Create Shape ¬karbegáItTMrg;¦³ karbegáItTMrg;mYy
EpñkelIkarbgðajfμI²nUvkarRbsBVrbs;bnÞat;. Dialog
mYy)anbgðajBIGVIEdlGñkGaceGayeQμaHvtßúfμI)an.
lT§plénTMrg; KW Spline EdlGacEkERb)anCakMNat;én
bnÞat;eday nigRCugbBaÄr Ep¥kelIkarRbsBVénPaBbnSúI
KñaenAelIpÞaMgEtmYy.



Update Group:
pþl;muxgarsMrab;kMNt;eGayc,as; eBlEdlkarRbsBV énbnÞat;kan;EtmanlkçN³ Update.
- When Section Moves ¬eBlBMnuHmanclna¦³ eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénbnÞat; kan;EtmanlkçN³RbesIreBlGñk
eFVIclna rWkMNt;TMhMmþgeTotelIragBMnuHkat;.
- When Section Selected ¬eBlBMnuHCab; Select¦³ eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénbnÞat;kan;EtmanlkçN³RbesIreBl
EdlBMnuHCab; Select b:uEnþminEmnkñúgeBlEdlGñkeFVIclnavaenaHeT. Click elIb‘Utug Update Section edIm,IeGay
karRbsBVénBMnuHkan;Etl¥eLIg.
- Manually³eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénbnÞat;manlkçN³ kan;EtTMenIbeBlEdlGñk Click elI Update Section b‘Utug.

- Update Section ³ eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénmuxkan;EtTMenIbedIm,IeGaysuIKña eTAnwgkEnøgfμIrbs;vtßúEdl)an Select
eBlEdleyIgkMBugeRbIelI When Section Selected rW Manually .
- Note ³ eBlEdlkMBugeRbIelI When Section Selected rW Manually Gñkgac Offset edaybegáIteGaymanBMnuH
kat;TTwgBITItaMgén geometry rbs;karRbsBV. dUcEdlGñkeFVIeGayvtßúBMnuHmanclna ehIyExSBMnuHkatTTwgBN’
elOg k¾manclnaCamYyEdr edayTukecalnUv Geometry enABIeRkay. eBlGñk Click elI Create Shape enaH
TMrg;fμInwgbgðajeLIgtamExSBMnuHkat;TTwg enAelITItaMgsMrab; Offset.
Section Extends group
eRCIserIsykmYykñúgcMeNamkrNIxagelIenH edIm,IkMNt;cMgayénBMnuHkat;TTwgEdlbegáItedaykarBuHvtßú.
- Infinite ¬Gnnþ¦³ bøg;BMnuHKW GnnþenARKb;TisedATaMgGs; CalT§plenAkñúgBMnuHkat;TTwg man Geometry
Nak¾bnSúIcUlKñaEdrenAkñúgépÞrabrbs;va.
- Section Boundary ¬RBMEdnénBMnuH¦³ BMnuHkat;TTwgbegIteLig)anEtCamYyvtßúNaEdlenAxagkñúg rWb:H
Bal;edayRBMEdnénkarBuH.
- Color Swatch ³ Click elIenHedIm,IerobcMkarbgðajBIBN’énkarRbsBVKña.
Section Size Rollout

pþl;nUv Spinners EdleGayGñksMrYlelIbeNþay nigTTwgEdlbgðaj
tamBuHragctuekaNEkg.



- Length/ Width ³ sMrYlbeNþay nigTTwgrbs;karbgðajBMnuHragctuekaNEkg.
edIm,IbegáItBMnuH
1> begáItCa Max Text enAelI Viewport NamYy
2> Create panel erIsBakü Shapes ehIy Click elI Section
3> GUs Mouse CaragctuekaNEkgenAkñúg Viewport NamYyEdlGñkcg;bgðajpøÚvelIépÞrab.
4> rMkil rW bgVilBMnuH dUcenHnwgeXIj vtßúEdlmanPaBbnSúIKña enAelIépÞrabrbs;va enAkñúgpÞaMg Scence
5> bnÞat;elOgbgðajeLIgenAkEnøgEdlCaTIRbsBVénépÞrab
6> Click elI Create Shape
7> vaybBa©ÚleQμaHeTAkñúg Dialog CalT§pl ehIy Click OK



CMBUk 2
Commands edIm,IEkERbrUbsMNak

1. Modify



1>1 Bend ¬karBt;¦
Modify Panel Make a selection Modify List Parametric Modifiers Bend
Make a selection Modifiers Menu Parametric Deformers Bend

Modifier Stack
- Gizmo sub-object³ GñkGaceFVIeGay Gizmo ERbRbYl nig
manclnadUcvtßúd¾éTeTotenAkñúgkMrit sub-subject plb:HBal;
énkarbMEpøgBIkarpøas;bþÚr Bend. karERbesckþIelI Gizmo eday
ERbcMnuckNþalxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμIrYmmYy.
ral;karbgVil nigkMNt;maRtdæanelI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va.
- Center sub-object ³GñkGaceFVIkarERbesckþI nigmanclnaelIcMnuckNþalenAkMril Center sub
object ehIy bMEpøgeTACaragdUc Gizmo ehIydUcKñanigvtßúEdl)anBt;ehIy.

Parameters Rollout
Bend Group
- Angle ¬muM¦³ erobcMedIm,IBt;cab;BIépÞrabbBaÄr
Range = -999,990.0 eTA + 999,999.0

- Direction ¬TisedA¦³ erobcMTisedAelITMnak;TMngelIkatBt;

eTAépÞrabepþk.
Range = -999,990.0 eTA + 999,999.0

Bend Axis Group:
X/Y/Z ³kMNt;GkS½edIm,IBt; RtUvsMKal;fa GkS½enHsßitena Bend Gizmo nigminTak;TgeTAnwgGVIEdl)an Select eT
Default= Z
Limit Group
- Limit Effect ³ karGnuvtþn_elIkMritRBMEdnedIm,IeGaymanRbsiT§PaBelIkarBt;. Default= Off



- Upper Limit ³ erobcMRBMRbTl;xagelIenAkñúg World Uniits cab;BIcMnuckNþalénkarBt; EdlkarBt;enHminman
RbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eT.
Default = O, Range =0 eTA 999,999.0

- Lower Limit³ erobcMRBMRbTl;xageRkamenAkñúg World Units cab;BIcMnuckNþalénkarBt; karBt;enHminman

RbsiT§PaBeTAelI Geometry eT.
Default = 0, Range= 999,999.0 eTA 0

edIm,IbegáItragEkgédCamYy Command Bend
1> begáItTIbenAkñúg viewport NamYy ehIy select elIvtßúnwg click elI modifiers rollout
2> Click elIb‘Utug Bend
3> kMNt;muMedIm,IBt;tamGkS½Edl)anerIsehIy
4> enAelIpÞaMg parameters rollout edIm,IGkS½énkarBt;eTA X,Y rW Z enHKWCaGkS½rbs; Bend Gizmo min
EmnCaGkS½rbs; Bend Gizmo minEmnCaGkS½rbs;vtßúEdl Select eT
5> ebIkelIBakü Limit Effect enAkñúg Limit Group nigerogcMelI Upper Limit
6> rMkil Gizmo eTAxagsþaM
7> bnÞab;mkGñknwg eXIjragEkgéd



1>2 Taper
Modify Panel Make a selection Modifier List Parametric Modifiers Taper
Make a selection Modifiers Menu Parametric Deformers Taper

karpøas;bþÚrelI Taper pþl;eGaykarv½NÐCuMvijEdlmanlkçN³kan;EttUceTA² edaykarbnßycugTaMgBIrén
Geometryrbs;vtßú cugmçagKWbEnßm nig cugmçageTot KWbnßy. GñkGacRtYtBinitücMnYn nigExSekagén Taper elIkar

erobcMGkS½BIr Gñkk¾GackMNt;RBMEdnén Taper eTACaBMnuHén Geometry.
Modifier Stack
- Gizmo ³ enAelIkMrit sub-object enH GñkGacEkERbTTWg
nigeFVIeGay Gizmo manclnadUcCavtßúd¾éTeTotEdr. plb:H


Bal;énkarkMEbøgelIkarpøas;bþÚr Taper .karERbesckþIelI Gizmo edayERbcMnuckNþaledayxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμI
KñamYy. ral;karbgVil nigkMNt;maRtdæan elI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va.
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ enAelIkMrit sub-object GñkGacEkERbcMnuckNþal nigeFVIeGayvamanclna
kar bMElgrag Taper Gizmo naMeGayvtßúenaHmanragkan;EtRsYceTA.
Parameter Rollout
karpøas;bþÚrelI Taper pþl;eGaykarerobcMenAelIGkS½TaMgBIr nigkarerob
cMeGaymanlkçN³suIemRTIenAkñúgRbGb; Taper Axis elI Parameter
Rollout CamYynwgkarpøas;bþÚrd¾éTeTot GkS½TaMgenhmanTMenareTArk

Gizmo én Taper minEmneTArkxøÜnvaenaHeT.

Taper Group
- Amount ¬cMnYn¦³ cMgayeTAkan;cMnucnimYy²Edl)ankMNt;maRtdæanehIy tMélcMnYnTaMgenHmanTMnak;
TMngCamYynwg tMélGtibrmaKW 10.
- Curve ¬PaBekag¦³ GnuvtþkMeNageTAkan;cMehogén Taper gizmo, dUecñHplb:HBal;EdlmanelIRTg;
RTayrbs;vaKWkan;EtRsYceLIg². tMélviC¢manbegáIteGay)anEpñkekagxageRkAcMehogEdlmanlkçNkan;EtRsYc
tMélviC¢manbegáIteGay)anExSekagEpñkxagkñúg. enAtMél 0 cMehogTaMgLayminmankarERbRbYleT.
Default = 0
Taper Axis Group
- Primary: GkS½kNþalrWq¥wgxñgrbs; Taper: X, Y rW Z Default = Z.
- Effect: GkS½mYyrW GkS½mYyKUrcg¥úlbgðajBITisedArbs; Taper cab;BIGkS½dMbUgeTA. CMerIsCaeRcInEdl
Gacrk)an KWkarkMNt;edayCMerIsmYyénGkS½dMbUg. RbsiT§iPaBelIGkS½mYyGacmanlkçN³dUcKñanig GkS½BIreTot
EdlenAsl; rWkarbBa©ÚlKñarbs;GkS½TaMgBIrenaH. RbsinebIGkS½dMbUgKWCaGkS½ X enaHRbsiT§iPaBelIGkS½GacCa Y,
Z rW YZ .
Default = XY



- Symemetry ¬suIemRTI¦³ begáItCa Taper manlkçN³suIemRTICuMvijGkS½dMbUg. Taper

mYyKWEtgEtmanlkçN³suIemRTICuMvijGkS½NaEdlmanRbsiT§iPaB.
Default = Off

GkS½dMbUg GkS½TTYlT§iBl
Limit Group
kar Offset elI Taper KWGnuvtþcenøaHRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTab nig RBMEdnEdlkan;Etx<s;. Geometry Edl
enACuMvij/ kñúgxN³EdlminmanT§iBleday Taper xøÜnÉgpÞal; va)aneFVIclnaedIm,IrkSavtßúeGayenAdEdl.
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdn¦³ GaceFVIeGayRBMEdnkan;EtTab nigkanEtx<s;)ansMrab;RbsiT§iPaB
eTAelI Taper.
- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦³ kMNt;elIRBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;x<s;enAkñúg World Unit cab;BI
cMnuckNþalén Taper eTA. xageRkayKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy.
- Lower Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;EtTab¦³ kMNt;elIRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTabenAkñúg World Unit cab;BIcMnuc
kNþalén Taper eTAxageRkayKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy.

RbsiT§iPaBelIkarrMkilcMnuckNþalCamYynwgkarerobcMelIRBMEdn

edIm,IbegáItKMrbmanCMralCamYynwg Taper
1-5 begáItTIbenAkñúg Viewport NamYy
6-7 Click elIb‘Utug Bend EdlenAkñúg Modifier Rollout
8 kMNt;cMnYnén TaperegáItTIbenAkñúg Taper nigtMNag
9 erobcMelIGkS½rbs; Taper



10 bnÞab;mkGñknwgeXIjvtßúmYymanragdUcCaekan

11> Click elIb‘tug U V W Map enAkñúg Modifier rollout
12> Select RbePTénRbGb;enAkñúg Mapping Rollout
13> Click elIb‘Utug Fit EdlenAkñúg Aligment
14> Select elI Material /Mapp Browser enAkñúg Toolbar



15> Click elIrn§KMrUTImYykñúgcMeNamcenøaHrn§tUcEdlCaKMrU
16> Click elIb‘Utug Assign Material edIm,IkMNt;sMPar³eTAelIvtßú
17> Click elIb‘Utug Diffuse color map enAkñúg maps rollout
18> Select elI checker map EdlenAkñúg Material /Map browser
19> Click OK
20> erobcMelIkardak;kar:UelIEpnTI ( U=5, V=5 )
21> LÚvrn§KMrUtUc² TImYyrbs;GñkkøayCaragRklacRtgÁ
22> Click elI Show map enAkñúg viewport edIm,IeXIjRklacRtgÁkñúg Viewport
23> ekanrbs;Gñkpøas;bþÚrrYcehIy
24> pøas;bþÚrRbePTrYcehIy
25> Click Rende Last enAkñúg Toolbar
26> KMrbmanCMral nigbgðajtam Render eLIg



1>3> Twist ¬karmYs¦
* Modifier Panel eFVIkar Select elIenaH Modifier list Parametric Modifier Twist
* Make a selection Modifier Menu Parametric Defarmers Twist
Twist Modifier begIáteGay)anCakarrmYlmYy ¬dUcCakarBUtRkNat;TTwk¦ enAkñúg Geometry rbs;vtßúmYy.
GñkGacRtYtBnitümuMénkarrmYlelIGkS½NamYy)ankñúgGkS½TaMgbI ehIyerobcMelIPaBlMeGogeTAmçagEdl sgát;elI
T§iBlénkarrmYl ehIymanTMnak;TMngeTAcMnucsñÚl. Gñkk¾GackMNt;RBMEdnPaBrmYleTABMnuHmYyén Geometry.
Note: eBlEdlGnuvtelI Twist Modifier enaHcMnuckNþalrbs; Twist gizmo KWsßitenARtg;cMnucsñÚlénvtßú

ehIyExSbnÞat;én Gizmo k¾eLIgtamGkS½rbs;vtßú.

mU:EdledIm mU:Edllμm mUEdlxøaMg
Modifier Stack
GñkGaceFVIeGay Gizmo manclnanig ERbRbYldUcvtßú
- Gizmo:

d¾éTeTotenAkñúgkMrit sub-object level, plb:HBal;énkarbMEpøg
BIpøas;bþÚr Twist. karERbesckþIelI Gizmo edaybkERbcMnuc
kNþaledayxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμIKñamYy. ral;karbgVilnigkar
kMNt;maRtdæanelI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va.
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ GñkGacERbesckþInig eFVIeGaycMnuckNþalmanclnaenAkñúgkMrit sub-object level Edl
bMEpøgelIrag twist gizmo ehIydUcKanigTMrg;énvtßúEdl)anBt;rYc.



Twist Parameter Rollout
Twist group
- Angle ¬muM¦³ kMNt;cMnYnénkarrmYlCuMvijGkS½bBaÄr
Default = 0.0
- Bias ¬PaBlMeGogeTAmçag¦³ buBVehtuénkarbgVilehIyrmYl
edIm,IcgCa)ac;rvagcMnuccugTaMgBIrrbs;vtßú. eBlEdl
Parameters mantMélGviC¢man enaHvtßúEdlrmYlmanlkçN³ xit

CitcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo . eBlEdlmantMélviC¢manvtßú.
EdlrmYlmanlkçN³kan;Etq¶ayBIcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo. eBlEdl Parameters mantMél 0
karrmYlmanlkçN³dUcedIm minmanpøas;bþÚrGVIeLIy. Range: 100 eTA -100 .
Default = 0.0

Twist Axis Group
- X/Y/Z: kMNt;tambeNþayGkS½NamYyEdlmankarrmYlnwgekIneLIgelIenaH. enHKWCaGkS½edImrbs; Twist

gizmo .
Default = Z
Limit Group
karGnuvtþRbsiT§iPaBénkarrmYl)anEtenAelIEpñkbBaÄr Edlsn§wgenAcenøaHRBMEdnTab nigx<s;. Spinner
BIrEdlbgðajBIcgaytambeNþayGkS½ Z rbs; Gizmo( Z=0 KWenAcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo) eBlvatamtMélesμI
Kña KWvamanlkçN³dUcnwgkarminmanlT§PaBeRbIelIRbsiT§iPaBénkarrmYl.
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiTi§PaBénRBMEdn¦³ GnuvtþelIRBMEdnEdlkMhiteTAkan; Twist Modifier.
- Upper Limit¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦³ kMNt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;Etx<s;sMrab;RbsiT§iPaBénkarrmYl.
Default = 0
-Lower Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;EtTab¦³ kMNt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;EtTabsMrab;RbsiT§iPaBénkarmYl.
Default = 0
edIm,ImYlvtßúmYy³
1> Select elIvtßúmYyehIy Apply Twist
2> enAelI Parameters rollout, kMNt;GkS½rbs; Twist eTA X, Y rW Z vamanTMenareTArkGkS½én Twist
gizmo minEmnGkS½rbs;vtßúEdl)an SelectenaHeT.

3> kMNt;muMénkarrmYl



4> kMNt;elI Bias énkarrmYl
* Modify Panel Make a Select Modifier list Parametric Modifier Noise
* Make a selection Modifier Menu Parametric Deformers Noise
Noise Modifier eFVIeGaybþÚrTItaMgrbs;ExSbBaÄrénvtßúmYy
tambeNþayGkS½EdlbBa©ÚlKñaTaMgbI. ]bkrN_ sMxan;sMrab;eFVIeGaymanclna KWeFVIeGaydUcniglkçN³RBal²
epSg² BIKñaenAkñúgragrbs;vtßúmYy.



kareRbIR)as;elIkarerobcMcMerokmYy GñkGacsMercelIPaBeFVIeGayRBal)an/ eFVIeGaymanrlkelIRkla
dUcCaTg;CatiRtUvxül;bk;. CamYynig karerobcMelIcMerokGñkk¾GacbegáIt)anCalkçN³PUmisa®sþdUcCaPñMcab;BIépÞ
rabén GeometryeTA.

épÞrabEdlminmandak;sMelg bEnßm Texture eTAépÞrabbegáItCasmuRTmanlkçN³s¶b;mYy
Modifier Stack
- Gizmo/ Center: GñkGacrMkil/ bgVil/ rWkMNt;maRtdæanrbs;
Gizmo nigcMnuckMNþal sub-object edIm,IeGaymanRbsiT§iPaB

elIsMelgGñkk¾GaceFVIeGay sub-object køayCamanclna
)anEdr.
Parameter Group
Noise Group
RtYtBnitüelIGakar³xageRkAénsMelg dUecñHT§iBlrbs;vaenAelIkarxUcRTg;RTayrUbsa®sþénvtßúenaH.
tamry³ Default karRtYtBinitümanlkçN³enARTwgrhUtTal;EtGñkpøas;bþÚrelIkarerobcM.
- Seed ¬BUC¦³ begáItcMnuccab;epþImén Random mYycabBItMélelxEdlGñk)ankMNt;. CaBiessman
GtßRbeyaCn_elIkarbegáItépÞrab (Terrain) BIeRBaHkarkMNt;nimYy²GacbegáItCarUbsNæanxus² Kña.
- Scale ¬maRtdæan¦ ³ kMNt;TMhMénT§iBlrbs;sMelg ¬minEmnkMlaMgeT¦ TMhMkan;EtFMbegIteGay)an
CasMelgkan;EtRsTan; tMélkan;EtTabeFVIeGaysMelgkan;EtmanlkçN³reqkrqUc.
Dafault = Off
RbsinebIGñkcg;ebIBakü Fractal GñkGaceFVIkareRCIserIsxageRkamenH.



- Roughness ¬PaKKRKat¦³ kMNt;RbEvgépÞbBaÄrrbs;bMENk.
Range=0 eTA 1>0. Default = 0

Iteration ¬mþgehIymþgeTot¦³ RtYtBnitüelIcMnYnénPaBsar
eLIgvij ¬rWépÞenAcenøaHGkSrmYyeTAmYyEdldUcKña¦ eRbI
tamry³muxgarénbMENk. karsaredImeLIgvijkan;Ettic naM
eGayeRbIR)as;famBlrbs;bMENkk¾ticEdr ehIybegáIteGay
)anCab;plb:HBal;manlkçN³kan;Etrelag. PaBsareLIgedIm
mþg1>0 KWmanlkçN³dUcKña nigkarbiTBakü Fractal.
Range = 1.0 eTA 10.0 Default =6.0
Strength Group
RtYtBnitüelITMhMénRbsiT§iPaBrbs;sMelg. KμanRbsiT§PaBén
sMelgekIneLIgrhUtTal;EtmankMlaMgmYycMnYnRtUv)andak;
eGayGnuvtþ.
X,Y,Z ³kMNt;kMlaMgrbs;RbsiT§iPaBénsMelgtambeNþayGkS½nimYy²kñúgcMeNaymGkS½TaMgbI. vaybBa©ÚltMél

énGkS½mYyy:agticbMputedIm,IbegáIt)ansMelgmYy. Dafault = 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
Animation group
RtYtBinitüelITMrg;énT§iBl sMelgtamry³kardak;BIelInUvsésrlkmYyedIm,IeFVItamRklaénsMelg.
ktþaTaMgenHrkSasMelgeGayenAkñúgRBMEdn/ nigbenSIm Random xøaMgbMput. eBlEdlebIelIBakü Animate Noise,
Parameters TaMgenHmanT§iBlelIsMelgTaMgmUleTaHCay:agNak¾edayGñkGaceFVIeGaysMelgmanclna nig

Strength Parameters dMeNIrkareTAedayÉkraCü. ktþaTaMgenHmintMrUveGay Animate Noise ebIkenAkñúg

xN³EdreyIgkMBugeGayvamnclnarW RtLb;eRkayvijeT ¬Playback¦.
- Aimate Noise: dak;kMritelIT§iBlénkarbBa©ÚlKñarbs; Parameter rbs; Noise nig Parameters rbs;
Strenth.

Paremeters xageRkamenHsMrab;sMrbsMrYlelIrlkEdlenAeRkam ³



rUb
1>4> Noise ¬sMelg¦
- Modify Panel Make a selection Modifier list Parametric modifier Noise
- Make a selection modifiers menu parametric deformers noise

Noise modifier eFVIeGaybþÚrTItaMgrbs;ExSbBaÄrénvtßúmYy
tambeNþayGkS½EdlbBa©ÚlKñaTaMgbI. ]bkrN_sMxan;sMrab;eFVIeGaymanclna KWeFVIeGaydUcnwglkçN³RBal²
epSg²BIKñaenAkñúgragrbs;vtßúmYy.
kareRbIR)as;elIkarerobcMcMerokmYy GñkGacsMercelIPaBeFVIeGayRBal)an eFVIeGaymanrlkelIRkLa
dUcCaTg;CatiRtUvxül;bk. CamYynwgkarerobcMelIcMerokGñkk¾GacbegáIt)anCalkçN³PUmisaRsþdUcCaPñMcab;BIépÞrab
én Geometry eTA.
Twist Axis Group
- X/Y/Z: kMNt;beNþayGkS½NamYyEdlkarmYlnwgekIteLIgelIenaH. enHKWCaGkS½edImrbs; Twist

gizmo .
Default = Z
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdn¦³ karGnuvtþelIRBMEdnEdlkMhiteTAkan; Twist Modifier.
- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦³ kMNt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³



- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦ ³ enAelIkMrit Sub object GñkGacEkERbcMnuckNþal nig eFVIeGayva man
clnakar bMEpøgrag Taper Gizmo naMeGayvtßúenaHmanragkan;EtRsYceTA .

Parameter rollout
karpøas;bþÚrelI Taper pþl;eGaykarerobcMenAelIG½kSBIr nig karerobcMeGaymanlkçN³suIemRTIenAkñúg
RbGb; Taper Axis elI Parameter rollout CamYynigkarpøas;bþÚrd¾éTeTot G½kSTaMgenHmanTMnreTArk Gizmo En
Taper minEmneTArkxøÜnvaeT .
Taper group
- Amount ¬cMnYn¦ ³ cMgayeTAkan;cMnuccugnImYy²Edl)ankMNt;maRtdæanehIy tMélcMnYnTaMgenH
manTMnak;TMngCamYynigtMélGtibrimaKW 10 .
- Curve ¬PaBekag¦ ³ GnuvtþkMeNageTAkan;cMehogén Taper Gizmo/ dUcenHplb:HBal;Edlman
elIRTg;RTayrbs;vaKWkan;EtRsYceLIg² . tMélviC¢manbegáIteGay)anEpñkekagxageRkAcMehogEdlman
lkçN³kan;EtRsYc tMélGviC¢manbegáIteGay)anExSekagEpñkxagkñúg . tMél 0 cMehogTaMgLayminmankar
karERbRbYleT . Default = 0
Taper Axis group
³ G½kSkNþalb¤qñwgxñgrbs; Taper : X, Y b¤ Z. Default =Z
- Primary

- Effect ³ G½kSmYyrW G½kSmYyKU cg¥úlbgðajBITisedArbs; Taper cab;BIG½kSdMbUgeTA . CMerWsCaeRcIn
EdlGacrk)an KWkarkMnt;eGayCMerIsmYyénG½kSdMbUg . RbsiT§iPaBelIG½kSmYyGacmanlkçN³dUcKñanigG½kS
BIreTotEdlenAsl; b¤karbB©ÚalKñarbs;G½kSTaMgBIrenaH . RbsinebIG½kSdMbUgKWCaG½kS X enaHRbsiT§iPaBelI
G½kSGacCa Y, Z b¤ YZ Default = XY


- Symmetry ¬suIemRTI¦ ³ begáItCa Taper manlkçN³suIemRTICMuvijG½kSdMbUg . Taper mYyKWEtgEt
manlkçN³suIemRTICMuvijG½kSNaEdlmanRbsiT§iPaB . Default = off

G½kSdMbUg G½kSTTYlT§iBl
Limit group
kar offset elI Taper KWGnuvtþcenøaHRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTabnig RBMEdnEdlkan;Etx<s; . Geometry
EdlenAB½T§CMuvij/ kñúgxNÐEdlminmanT§iBleday Taper xøÜnÉgpÞal; va)aneFVIclnaedIm,IrkSavtßúeGayenA
dEdl .
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdn¦ ³ GaceFVIeGayRBMEdnkan;EtTabnigkan;Etx<s;)an sMrab;
RbsiT§iPaBeTAelI Taper .
- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦ ³ kMnt;elIRBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;Etx<s;eTAkñúg Word Unit
cab;BIcMnickNþalén Taper eTA . xageRkamKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy .
- Lower Limit ¬RBMEdnEdlkan;EtTab¦ ³ kMnt;elIRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTabenAkñúg Word Unit cab;BI
cMnuckNþalén Taper eTA xageRkayKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy .

RbsiT§iPaBelIkarrMkilcMnuckNþalCamYYynigkarerobcMelIRBMEdn
edIm,IbegáItKMrbmanCMralCamYy Taper
1–5 . begáItTIbenAkñúg View port NamYy



6–7 . Click elIb‘Utug Bend Edlmankñúg Modifier rollout
8 . kMnt;cMnYnén Taper nig kMeNag
9 . erobcMMelIG½kSrbs; Taper
10 . bnÞab;mkGñknigeXIjvtßúmYymanragdUcCaekan


Civil Engineering NPIC Viewport Commands

Civil Engineering NPIC Viewport Commands

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Civil Engineering NPIC Viewport Commands