Behavioral learning theory focuses on how the environment impacts observable behavior. Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice. The theory views learning as a stimulus-response process, where behaviors are strengthened or weakened through reinforcement or punishment. Proponents such as Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner conducted experiments on animal conditioning to understand human behavior and argue it can be predicted and controlled through environmental manipulation.
1. Behavioral Learning Theory MOHAMAD SYAFIE BIN SAMSIR MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ BIN MOHD SHUKRI MASITAH BT MD. YUSOF NOR ASBAHADHIAH BT RAMLI NURUL FARAHIN BINTI MUSA WAN NUR ‘AISYAH BT WAN RAHIMY GROUP 1
2.
3. Behavioral Learning Theory According to the behaviorists, learning can be defined as “the relatively permanent change in behavior brought about as a result of experience or practice.” Behaviorists recognize that learning is an internal event. However, it is not recognized as learning until it is displayed by overt behavior.
4.
5. Behavioral Learning Theory The behavioral learning theory is represented as an S-R paradigm. The organism is treated as a “black box.” We only know what is going on inside the box by the organism’s over behavior. Stimulus (S) Organism (O) Response (R)
6. Behavioral Learning Theory The feedback loop that connects over behavior to stimuli that activate the senses has been studied extensively from this perspective.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Editor's Notes
Biological basis for learning – you have it or you don’t…it’s a thing you inherit
Behaviour Shaping or Successive Approximation Rather than waiting for the rat to accidentally press the lever it can be rewarded initially for a movement towards the lever, then it is only rewarded when it is touching the lever, until eventually the rat presses the lever. The rat having pressed the lever would then only be rewarded for pressing the lever. This process takes away the learning by trial and error and can be used to train pigeons to play ping pong or to walk in a circle anti- clockwise. Operant Conditioning uses reinforcement (rewards) to single out one specific action from the animals normal behaviour and ensure that it is repeated more often than the rest. Different ways of providing reinforcement which can have different effects on both the response rate (No of times animal presses the lever) and the extinction rate (rate at which lever pressing is extinguished).