This module covers the formulation of aims and objectives as found in the syllabus for N5 Communication (FET Colleges in South Africa).

1. Mod 2: Formulations of
Aims and Objectives
Chapter 2 in textbook (p.29 – 35)
Normally question 2 in Exam (15 points)
Combination of long and short questions

2. 2.1 FORMULATION OF AIMS
AND OBJECTIVES
See textbook on p. 29 – 2.1
AIM: The term aim (or goal) refers to long-term
intentions not defined in specific terms or a
specific time frame.
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3. OBJECTIVE: P.29
An objective refers to a specific intention
(short-term)to be achieved within a definite
time-frame. “In the next semester I will pass N5”
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4. 4

5. If I want to determine aims and objectives I need to
involve the following aspects:
• Establish the purpose of the exercise
• Why must I do it? (Lose weight for my wedding)
• Implement the process
• Do something about your goal. Follow logical steps to do
so. See example of this on p.30 (table)
2.2 Aspects of determining
aims and objectives ( p.29)
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6. 6

7. PROCEDURE
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Identify the problem
Formulate the problem
Determine possible result
Determine time available
Note relevant factors
Plan of action
Time limit
Criteria
Monitor results
Put it in writing
Decide on feedback
APPLIED EXAMPLE
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I am overweight
I am 5kg overweight
I will look good at dance
Dance in 12 weeks
Birthdays? Farewells?
3 Balanced meals, exercise
Target weight at 10 weeks
500g a week
Weigh every Friday morning
Note pad on wall for progress
Mother and best friend
I want to implement the
process … (p.30 – table)
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8. Must be
• Valid (worthwhile and relevant). They must be:
• Interesting and challenging
• Consistent with and conducive to one’s personal values
• Consistent with and conducive to the policies and procedure
of the organisation of which one is a member
• Feasible (realistic and achievable)
• Can only be determined once they have been formulated.
See example on p.31
2.3 Evaluate aims
and objectives (p.30)
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9. Can only be determined once they have been formulated
specifically
• I want to lose some weight (vague, generalised, an aim
rather than an objective
• I want to lose 10kg in 2 weeks (unrealistic, unfeasible)
• I want to lose 10kg in 15 weeks (realistic, feasible and
achievable)
Feasibility of aims?
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10. 2.3.1
Guidelines
for
evaluating
aims and
objectives
(p.31 – 2.3.1)
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11. •
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Specific: clearly formulated in terms of the desired result
Measurable: in terms of quantity and/or quality
Attainable: realistic and achievable
Relevant: worthwhile and in best interest of the individual
as well as the organisation of which he/she is a member
• Traceable (tangible/time-frame): whether it allows
progress to be monitored in terms of realistic or valuable
feedback.
See applied example on page 31
SMART OBJECTIVE
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13. How is success measured? Is it linked to time?
• Why is time important? (2.4.1)
• “Time is money” in the world of business
• Time spent unnecessarily on one project,
is time wasted, could be used on another project
• Doing it at the right times also saves –
or even makes – money
• It is more sensible to clean out your desk on
a Friday than on a busy day when you have
urgent matters that need attention.
2.4 Time Management (p.32)
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14. • Evaluation of time spent (2.4.2) Categorise it into:
• Those activities really necessary vs. those that should be
excluded
• Those completed within a realistic period of time vs those
on which time was wasted
• Those performed at the appropriate time vs. those that
should have been done at another time
• Those that could have been done equally well by someone
else.
• Planning time (2.4.3)
Rate each task in terms of:
• Importance
• Most suitable time for performing it
Time management (p.33)
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15. • Diaries
(daily, weekly, monthly planning)
• Week and year planners
• Wall charts and desk pads
• Delegation
• Assigning task to sub-ordinates – why would you do that?
• Self-control
Time Control Techniques
(p.34 – 2.4.3.1)
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16. • Prioritise goals
• Identify and dispose of time-wasters
• Telephone calls, pop-ins, procrastination
paper organisation, daily planning,
distractions caused by colleagues
• Employ time utilisation techniques
(see p.34)
• Set a time schedule
• Evaluate your time spent
Guidelines for better time
utilisation – 2.4.3.2 (p.35)
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