The McKinsey 7S Framework: A Holistic Approach to Harmonizing All Parts of th...
Transformers
1. Potentials & Impacts of Energy-Efficient DTs S trategies for development and diffusion of E nergy E fficient D istribution T ransformers January 2006 - June 2008
2. Fleet * dry type transformer utility popul a tion is estimated at marginal low level (~ 1% of utility fleet) 4% 16% 9% 23% < 400 kVA industry dry 20% 34% 28% 40% ≥ 400 kVA & ≤ 630 kVA 76% 50% 63% 38% > 630 kVA 14 478 25% 16 132 12% 143 904 10% 174 017 4% Total industry dry 57 266 139 628 1 383 988 4 652 172 15 452 27% 38 011 27% 329 569 24% 801 840 17% Total industry oil 52% 16% 52% 16% > 630 kVA 28% 22% 27% 23% ≥ 400 kVA & ≤ 630 kVA 20% 62% 20% 62% < 400 kVA industry oil 27 336 48% 85 486 61% 910 515 66% 3 676 315 79% Total distribution sector 29% 7% 17% 3% > 630 kVA 45% 27% 48% 23% ≥ 400 kVA & ≤ 630 kVA 26% 66% 34% 73% < 400 kVA Distribution sector o il* MVA pcs MVA pcs Market EU-27 Fleet EU-27
31. Labelling through integration of losses: Proposed classification similar to appliances C o : Class of no load losses as per EN 50464 B k : Class of load losses as per EN 50464 C o B k = CC’ of HD 428
43. TECHNOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS: Noise Levels Dynamic vibration due to magnetostriction The noise level of HB1 amorphous alloy is significantly lower than SA1 alloy ( ≈ 10 dB ) The operating induction can be increased by 0.1 ÷0.15T using HB1 alloy. Distribution Transformer can be downsized by about 10% with HB1 Source: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (ELSEVIER), Hasegawa (2005)
45. PRODUCTION PROCESS: Amorphous Distribution Transformers Refrigeration process to obtain amorphous structure ( 10 6 o C/s required rate for molten-metal cooling) Sheet ( 0,018 – 0,023 mm ) MELT SPINNING PROCESS Steel Cooling Treatment Flow Chart Melting furnace Reservoir Nozzle In-line process control In-line winding Casting roll
46. Line Diagram Core Making PRODUCTION PROCESS: Amorphous Distribution Transformers