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1. HYBRID OPTOELECTRONIC SENSOR FOR CURRENT AND
TEMPERATURE MONITORING IN OVERHEAD
TRANSMISSION LINES
Abstract:
Transmission line capacity is the maximum amount of energy or current capable of
flowing through the line. The sag is an important TL parameter, since it is directly related to the
current: the higher the current, the higher the conductor temperature. This leads to thermal
expansion and consequently, the conductor-to-ground distance decreases. Nevertheless, the
conductor temperature does not depend only on the current. It is strongly dependent on
environmental features such as wind velocity and direction, air temperature, pollution, rain and
snow conditions, and on cable construction. The idea behind this project is that the temperature
of the conductor depends on current and weather conditions, but the sag only depends on the
conductor temperature, regardless of weather conditions
Existing system:
At present there is no existing system to measure the conductor sag in over head
transmission lines. It is observed only with naked eyes. Hence we go for the proposed system.
Proposed system:
In the proposed system, the conductor sag is measured using the current and temperature
values of the transmission line and the environment. These parameters are measured since the
conductor sag is influenced by current and temperature in the conductor. This obtained value is
compared with the predefined values and the conductor sag is estimated. The abnormality in the
temperature and current is intimated using voltage controlled LED set up. In the receiver section,
LDR is used to observe the light source and the abnormality status is noted down in the PC and a
database is created for future reference.

2. Block Diagram:
Transmission Line Section:
Power
Supply
LCD
PIC
Temperature
Sensor
16F877A
Current Sensor
Relay
Driver
Controller
Micro
Receiver Section:
Power
Supply
LCD
PIC
LDR
16F877A
Micro
Controller
MAX
232
LED

3. Hardware requirements:
 PIC16F877A Microcontroller with Power Supply
 LCD
 LDR
 Relay driver
 LED
 MAX 232
 Temperature Sensor
 Current Sensor
Software requirements
 Embedded c
 MPLab Compiler or CCS Compiler
 VB .net
Advantages
 Easy measurement
 Less power consuming