course materials

1. Qualitative Research Designs Discussion
Qualitative Research Designs DiscussionQualitative Research Designs DiscussionFor the
past 2 weeks, you have focused on the features and considerations of quantitative research
designs. However, quantitative designs are not appropriate for all research questions.
Perhaps you are concerned with how patients react when confronted with negative test
results, or you wish to study how views on a certain health topic change over time. In each
of these cases, the emphasis is more on understanding the thinking and experiences of an
individual or group than on numerical measurements. For these types of questions, a
qualitative or mixed methods research design is the most appropriate.For this Discussion,
you focus on the different types of qualitative research designs, when they are used, and
why they are important.To prepare:Reflect on the comments made by Dr. Mauk in this
week’s media presentation on the value of qualitative research in nursing. I HAVE
INCLUDED THE TRANSCRIPT TO THE VIDEO.Locate the journal Qualitative Health Research
in the Walden Library.From this journal, select an article of interest to you that was
published within the last 3 years.Review the information on different qualitative research
designs in Chapter 21 of your course text.Determine what qualitative research design was
used in your selected article and evaluate whether it was the best choice.Consider ethical
issues involved in the study and how the researchers addressed them.Think about how
using a quantitative design would have affected the type of data gathered.Post an APA
citation for the article that you selected and provide a summary of the content and the
qualitative research design used. Evaluate the appropriateness of the design and explain
how ethical issues in the study were addressed. Analyze how the study would have been
different if a quantitative design had been used.Read a selection of your colleagues’
responses.ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERSI HAVE ATTACHED
TWO COLLEAGUE RESPONSES AT BOTTOM OF ATTACHMENT. THE RESPONSES ARE NOT
DUE UNTIL THURSDAY 10/11/18 BY 9PM EASTERN STANDARD.Respond to at least two of
your colleagues on two different days using one or more of the following approaches:Ask a
probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and
evidence.Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after
synthesizing multiple postings.Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional
insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.Click on
the Reply button below to reveal the textbox for entering your message. Then click on
the Submit button to post your message. Qualitative Research Designs DiscussionBottom of
FormTHIS IS THE TRANSCRIPT FOR THE VIDEOQualitative and Mixed Methods Research

2. Designs Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research Designs Program Transcript NARRATOR:
Not all nursing research involves collecting quantitative data and numerical values.
Qualitative and mixed methods research studies also provide valuable insights into health
care-related issues and questions. In this video, Dr. Kristen Mauk justifies the value of
qualitative and mixed methods research within the nursing field, and provides an overview
of a qualitative study she conducted for her doctoral dissertation. Please note that this
research study is separate from the material presented in other videos in this course about
Dr. Mauk’s DNP project. KRISTEN MAUK: When you’re looking at your levels of evidence, I
think that qualitative gets a bad rap because it falls way low on the evidence scale. But I
think you get very rich data from qualitative. You get that rich information and data that you
don’t get just from looking at numbers. Now, numbers don’t lie. And so it’s great to have
statistics and to know that whatever you’re choosing to do for your project has all of this
great backing to it. But you’re not going to get the substance, and the richness, and the
underlying feelings of participants unless you look at the qualitative piece, too. I think it’s
great to have some quantitative data and also qualitative, too. A lot of students will use a
post-project survey to get that qualitative piece. Ask their participants about satisfaction
with the project, what would they suggest, that’s all nice qualitative rich data that can
improve your research later. And also, shed light on things that you might not have known if
you just hand them a survey and look at numbers. So I think there’s a place for both and we
should use both in our projects. Deciding whether you’re going to do quantitative or
qualitative depends on your question. And that’s why whether you’re doing EBP or original
research, your question drives your method. That’s the main takeaway point. © 2013
Laureate Education, Inc. 1 Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research Designs For my PhD, I
developed a grounded theory for post-stroke recovery. There was tons on what caregivers
thought and the physical problems the doctors see in stroke patients. There is tons of
literature on that. Qualitative Research Designs DiscussionBut there wasn’t something from
the stroke survivor’s perspective themself about, how did they go through this journey? And
how did they feel? And so that was something about there was little known about it. So my
method was qualitative. And because I wanted to look at the process– process is grounded
theory. So I could come up with a framework and a model that nurses can look at to say,
here’s the process that survivors, themselves, said they go through. So here’s a couple good
examples of the pitfalls of qualitative research. I asked for volunteers and I went to an
assisted living, and there were several people who signed up to be a volunteer. And one of
the women had had a– well, they all had strokes. And one of the women who let me
interview her, I went to their homes. And so we were in her little assisted living apartment
and her husband was there with her. And so I started my open-ended questions. And I said,
so tell me about what happened to you from the time you had your stroke till now. And she
said, I don’t remember. And then her husband had to pipe in and said her major problem
after her stroke was memory loss. So every question I asked was, I don’t remember. I don’t
remember. So that was one example. Another example is things like equipment failure. So I
always take backup batteries, backup video, backup audio. But sometimes you’ll get to
someone’s house and none of the outlets work. Or you realize that your batteries that you
grabbed aren’t working, and you run out of batteries because it was an extra long interview.

3. So just little things like that are pitfalls of actually working with people, in their home,
trying to do your own equipment and things like that. I interviewed people until data
saturation was reached, which is– that’s kind of a qualitative term for since we can’t do
power analysis of how many people do we need to interview before we keep hearing the
same thing. We call it data saturation. So once you start hearing the participants say the
same thing over and over and over, then you know that you’ve reached that point of you’re
not © 2013 Laureate Education, Inc. 2Qualitative Research Designs DiscussionQualitative
and Mixed Methods Research Designs hearing anything new. And that’s the point that
determines your n, or number of subjects. So that’s different from quantitative where you
could do a power analysis and say, how many variables do I have? And the more variables I
have, probably the more participants I need to show that my study is valid and reliable.
Because you want to make sure that you’re not looking at 100 variables and only two
subjects. We can’t generalize from that. Well, for qualitative research, it’s all about
trustworthiness. Trustworthiness is like the big umbrella for qualitative research. So when
we talk about that, we’re talking about things like looking at how the qualitative researcher
assured you that you can trust her or his results. And for me and any qualitative researcher,
it’s things like audit trails, and using journaling, and keeping track of everything. Keeping
really good records, writing everything down. How did you do your interviews? And
describing them and giving examples of questions. And then, did you go back and talk to
your participants to see if what you concluded in fact was right? Did you use focus groups?
Just talking about how you came up with your question, how you investigated your
question, and why should the reader believe you? So basically, I founded in my PhD
research that there were six phases that stroke survivors go through, from agonizing to
owning. And they are buffered by different factors such as, did they expect to have a stroke?
How old were they? How severe was the stroke? And that determined how fast they went
through this process. But that everybody who has a stroke kind of goes through these
different phases of adjusting to it, adapting to life, blending their new and old life, finding
out why they have the stroke. And eventually, if they do positively adapt and get to owning
their stroke, that they have developed a new life. And they’ve just learned to live with
whatever deficits that they had. But to me that was a real eye-opener because as nurses we
don’t get to keep them in the hospital very long. When I first started in nursing, we would
have stroke patients as long as we needed to have them. I mean, it could be months. Now
you might get them 10 days in rehab. That’s not enough to teach them everything they’re
going to need to adjust to life– not being able to use this arm, or move this leg, or speak. So
we don’t do our teaching, probably when we should be doing it, which is later after © 2013
Laureate Education, Inc. 3 Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research Designs they’ve had a
chance to see, oh, wow, this isn’t going away. I guess I need some help and need to figure out
how to live like this now. So that was a big eyeopener to me, but very interesting. © 2013
Laureate Education, Inc. Qualitative Research Designs Discussion