Enviar pesquisa
Carregar
03_Gaddis Python_Lecture_ppt_ch03.pptx
•
Transferir como PPTX, PDF
•
0 gostou
•
18 visualizações
S
ssuser58efc81
Seguir
A Python lecture
Leia menos
Leia mais
Educação
Vista de apresentação de diapositivos
Denunciar
Compartilhar
Vista de apresentação de diapositivos
Denunciar
Compartilhar
1 de 39
Baixar agora
Recomendados
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.C H A P T E R 3.docx
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.C H A P T E R 3.docx
dickonsondorris
Chap11 (ICS12).pdf
Chap11 (ICS12).pdf
JounAbbas4
slides03.ppt
slides03.ppt
Anjali127411
Chap3java5th
Chap3java5th
Asfand Hassan
9781337102087 ppt ch04
9781337102087 ppt ch04
Terry Yoast
Ap Power Point Chpt3
Ap Power Point Chpt3
dplunkett
Unit iv statistical tools
Unit iv statistical tools
sujianush
Chapter 6 - More conditionals and loops
Chapter 6 - More conditionals and loops
DanWooster1
Recomendados
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.C H A P T E R 3.docx
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.C H A P T E R 3.docx
dickonsondorris
Chap11 (ICS12).pdf
Chap11 (ICS12).pdf
JounAbbas4
slides03.ppt
slides03.ppt
Anjali127411
Chap3java5th
Chap3java5th
Asfand Hassan
9781337102087 ppt ch04
9781337102087 ppt ch04
Terry Yoast
Ap Power Point Chpt3
Ap Power Point Chpt3
dplunkett
Unit iv statistical tools
Unit iv statistical tools
sujianush
Chapter 6 - More conditionals and loops
Chapter 6 - More conditionals and loops
DanWooster1
Excel Tools to Unlock Hidden PPC Data
Excel Tools to Unlock Hidden PPC Data
Hanapin Marketing
CIS 1403 lab 4 selection
CIS 1403 lab 4 selection
Hamad Odhabi
Lecture 07.pptx
Lecture 07.pptx
Mohammad Hassan
Linear_Programming.pdf
Linear_Programming.pdf
Dr. Tushar J Bhatt
Applying the integrative propositional analysis (ipa) to the ebmm – triads
Applying the integrative propositional analysis (ipa) to the ebmm – triads
Pragmatic Cohesion Consulting, LLC
Operators and Expressions in C#
Operators and Expressions in C#
Prasanna Kumar SM
Chapter4.pptxbwmwhwhwhwukwhwjwwjjwjwjwuw
Chapter4.pptxbwmwhwhwhwukwhwjwwjjwjwjwuw
cbashirmacalin
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Nicole Ynne Estabillo
Python unit 3 part 1
Python unit 3 part 1
Vikram Nandini
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Presented by Mahfoudh Mgammal
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Presented by Mahfoudh Mgammal
Dr. Mahfoudh Hussein Mgammal
Implementing Item Response Theory
Implementing Item Response Theory
Nathan Thompson
Ch04
Ch04
Arriz San Juan
Top 100+ Google Data Science Interview Questions.pdf
Top 100+ Google Data Science Interview Questions.pdf
Datacademy.ai
Chapter04 use case
Chapter04 use case
PUise Thitalampoon
IRJET- Rating Prediction based on Textual Review: Machine Learning Approach, ...
IRJET- Rating Prediction based on Textual Review: Machine Learning Approach, ...
IRJET Journal
operation research notes
operation research notes
Renu Thakur
Ap Power Point Chpt3 B
Ap Power Point Chpt3 B
dplunkett
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Faarooqkhaann
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
eyavagal
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
uopassignment
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Christalin Nelson
Global Lehigh Strategic Initiatives (without descriptions)
Global Lehigh Strategic Initiatives (without descriptions)
cama23
Mais conteúdo relacionado
Semelhante a 03_Gaddis Python_Lecture_ppt_ch03.pptx
Excel Tools to Unlock Hidden PPC Data
Excel Tools to Unlock Hidden PPC Data
Hanapin Marketing
CIS 1403 lab 4 selection
CIS 1403 lab 4 selection
Hamad Odhabi
Lecture 07.pptx
Lecture 07.pptx
Mohammad Hassan
Linear_Programming.pdf
Linear_Programming.pdf
Dr. Tushar J Bhatt
Applying the integrative propositional analysis (ipa) to the ebmm – triads
Applying the integrative propositional analysis (ipa) to the ebmm – triads
Pragmatic Cohesion Consulting, LLC
Operators and Expressions in C#
Operators and Expressions in C#
Prasanna Kumar SM
Chapter4.pptxbwmwhwhwhwukwhwjwwjjwjwjwuw
Chapter4.pptxbwmwhwhwhwukwhwjwwjjwjwjwuw
cbashirmacalin
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Nicole Ynne Estabillo
Python unit 3 part 1
Python unit 3 part 1
Vikram Nandini
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Presented by Mahfoudh Mgammal
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Presented by Mahfoudh Mgammal
Dr. Mahfoudh Hussein Mgammal
Implementing Item Response Theory
Implementing Item Response Theory
Nathan Thompson
Ch04
Ch04
Arriz San Juan
Top 100+ Google Data Science Interview Questions.pdf
Top 100+ Google Data Science Interview Questions.pdf
Datacademy.ai
Chapter04 use case
Chapter04 use case
PUise Thitalampoon
IRJET- Rating Prediction based on Textual Review: Machine Learning Approach, ...
IRJET- Rating Prediction based on Textual Review: Machine Learning Approach, ...
IRJET Journal
operation research notes
operation research notes
Renu Thakur
Ap Power Point Chpt3 B
Ap Power Point Chpt3 B
dplunkett
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Faarooqkhaann
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
eyavagal
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
uopassignment
Semelhante a 03_Gaddis Python_Lecture_ppt_ch03.pptx
(20)
Excel Tools to Unlock Hidden PPC Data
Excel Tools to Unlock Hidden PPC Data
CIS 1403 lab 4 selection
CIS 1403 lab 4 selection
Lecture 07.pptx
Lecture 07.pptx
Linear_Programming.pdf
Linear_Programming.pdf
Applying the integrative propositional analysis (ipa) to the ebmm – triads
Applying the integrative propositional analysis (ipa) to the ebmm – triads
Operators and Expressions in C#
Operators and Expressions in C#
Chapter4.pptxbwmwhwhwhwukwhwjwwjjwjwjwuw
Chapter4.pptxbwmwhwhwhwukwhwjwwjjwjwjwuw
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Python unit 3 part 1
Python unit 3 part 1
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Presented by Mahfoudh Mgammal
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Presented by Mahfoudh Mgammal
Implementing Item Response Theory
Implementing Item Response Theory
Ch04
Ch04
Top 100+ Google Data Science Interview Questions.pdf
Top 100+ Google Data Science Interview Questions.pdf
Chapter04 use case
Chapter04 use case
IRJET- Rating Prediction based on Textual Review: Machine Learning Approach, ...
IRJET- Rating Prediction based on Textual Review: Machine Learning Approach, ...
operation research notes
operation research notes
Ap Power Point Chpt3 B
Ap Power Point Chpt3 B
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Ash bus 308 week 2 problem set new
Último
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Christalin Nelson
Global Lehigh Strategic Initiatives (without descriptions)
Global Lehigh Strategic Initiatives (without descriptions)
cama23
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
FILIPINO PSYCHology sikolohiyang pilipino
FILIPINO PSYCHology sikolohiyang pilipino
johnmickonozaleda
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
ErwinPantujan2
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
Celine George
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
thorishapillay1
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
TechSoup
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
Celine George
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Celine George
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
JoshuaGantuangco2
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
SherlyMaeNeri
Culture Uniformity or Diversity IN SOCIOLOGY.pptx
Culture Uniformity or Diversity IN SOCIOLOGY.pptx
PoojaSen20
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
iammrhaywood
ACC 2024 Chronicles. Cardiology. Exam.pdf
ACC 2024 Chronicles. Cardiology. Exam.pdf
SpandanaRallapalli
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Humphrey A Beña
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
YousafMalik24
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Keynote by Prof. Wurzer at Nordex about IP-design
Keynote by Prof. Wurzer at Nordex about IP-design
MIPLM
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Último
(20)
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Global Lehigh Strategic Initiatives (without descriptions)
Global Lehigh Strategic Initiatives (without descriptions)
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
FILIPINO PSYCHology sikolohiyang pilipino
FILIPINO PSYCHology sikolohiyang pilipino
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
How to do quick user assign in kanban in Odoo 17 ERP
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
Difference Between Search & Browse Methods in Odoo 17
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
GRADE 4 - SUMMATIVE TEST QUARTER 4 ALL SUBJECTS
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Judging the Relevance and worth of ideas part 2.pptx
Culture Uniformity or Diversity IN SOCIOLOGY.pptx
Culture Uniformity or Diversity IN SOCIOLOGY.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ECONOMIC CONTEXT - PAPER 1 Q3: NEWSPAPERS.pptx
ACC 2024 Chronicles. Cardiology. Exam.pdf
ACC 2024 Chronicles. Cardiology. Exam.pdf
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THEORIES OF ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
Keynote by Prof. Wurzer at Nordex about IP-design
Keynote by Prof. Wurzer at Nordex about IP-design
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE GOT EMAIL_FINALS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
03_Gaddis Python_Lecture_ppt_ch03.pptx
1.
3 - 1 Starting
out with Python Fifth Edition Chapter 3 Decision Structures and Boolean Logic Copyright © 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
2.
3 - 2 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Topics • The if Statement • The if-else Statement • Comparing Strings • Nested Decision Structures and the if-elif-else Statement • Logical Operators • Boolean Variables • Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle
3.
3 - 3 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if Statement (1 of 4) • Control structure: logical design that controls order in which set of statements execute • Sequence structure: set of statements that execute in the order they appear • Decision structure: specific action(s) performed only if a condition exists – Also known as selection structure
4.
3 - 4 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if Statement (2 of 4) • In flowchart, diamond represents true/false condition that must be tested • Actions can be conditionally executed – Performed only when a condition is true • Single alternative decision structure: provides only one alternative path of execution – If condition is not true, exit the structure
5.
3 - 5 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if Statement (3 of 4) Figure 3-1 A simple decision structure
6.
3 - 6 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if Statement (4 of 4) • Python syntax: if condition: Statement Statement • First line known as the if clause – Includes the keyword if followed by condition The condition can be true or false When the if statement executes, the condition is tested, and if it is true the block statements are executed. otherwise, block statements are skipped
7.
3 - 7 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Boolean expression: expression tested by if statement to determine if it is true or false – Example: a > b true if a is greater than b; false otherwise • Relational operator: determines whether a specific relationship exists between two values – Example: greater than (>) Boolean Expressions and Relational Operators (1 of 5)
8.
3 - 8 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Boolean Expressions and Relational Operators (2 of 5) • >= and <= operators test more than one relationship – It is enough for one of the relationships to exist for the expression to be true • == operator determines whether the two operands are equal to one another – Do not confuse with assignment operator (=) • != operator determines whether the two operands are not equal
9.
3 - 9 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Boolean Expressions and Relational Operators (3 of 5) Expression Meaning x > y Is x greater than y? x < y Is x less than y? x >= y Is x greater than or equal to y? x <= y Is x less than or equal to y? x == y Is x equal to y? x != y Is x not equal to y? Table 3-2 Boolean expressions using relational operators
10.
3 - 10 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Boolean Expressions and Relational Operators (4 of 5) • Using a Boolean expression with the > relational operator Figure 3-3 Example decision structure
11.
3 - 11 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Boolean Expressions and Relational Operators (5 of 5) • Any relational operator can be used in a decision block – Example: if balance == 0 – Example: if payment != balance • It is possible to have a block inside another block – Example: if statement inside a function – Statements in inner block must be indented with respect to the outer block
12.
3 - 12 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if-else Statement (1 of 3) • Dual alternative decision structure: two possible paths of execution – One is taken if the condition is true, and the other if the condition is false – Syntax: if condition: statements else: other statements – if clause and else clause must be aligned – Statements must be consistently indented
13.
3 - 13 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if-else Statement (2 of 3) Figure 3-5 A dual alternative decision structure
14.
3 - 14 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if-else Statement (3 of 3) Figure 3-6 Conditional execution in an if-else statement
15.
3 - 15 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Comparing Strings (1 of 2) • Strings can be compared using the == and != operators • String comparisons are case sensitive • Strings can be compared using >, <, >=, and <= – Compared character by character based on the ASCII values for each character – If shorter word is substring of longer word, longer word is greater than shorter word
16.
3 - 16 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Comparing Strings (2 of 2) Figure 3-9 Comparing each character in a string
17.
3 - 17 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nested Decision Structures and the if-elif-else Statement (1 of 3) • A decision structure can be nested inside another decision structure – Commonly needed in programs – Example: Determine if someone qualifies for a loan, they must meet two conditions: – Must earn at least $30,000/year – Must have been employed for at least two years Check first condition, and if it is true, check second condition
18.
3 - 18 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nested Decision Structures and the if-elif-else Statement (2 of 3) Figure 3-12 A nested decision structure
19.
3 - 19 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nested Decision Structures and the if-elif-else Statement (3 of 3) • Important to use proper indentation in a nested decision structure – Important for Python interpreter – Makes code more readable for programmer – Rules for writing nested if statements: else clause should align with matching if clause Statements in each block must be consistently indented
20.
3 - 20 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if-elif-else Statement (1 of 3) • if-elif-else statement: special version of a decision structure – Makes logic of nested decision structures simpler to write Can include multiple elif statements – Syntax: if condition_1: statement(s) elif condition_2: statement(s) elif condition_3: statement(s) else statement(s) Insert as many elif clauses as necessary.
21.
3 - 21 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if-elif-else Statement (2 of 3) • Alignment used with if-elif-else statement: – if, elif, and else clauses are all aligned – Conditionally executed blocks are consistently indented • if-elif-else statement is never required, but logic easier to follow – Can be accomplished by nested if-else Code can become complex, and indentation can cause problematic long lines
22.
3 - 22 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The if-elif-else Statement (3 of 3) Figure 3-15 Nested decision structure to determine a grade
23.
3 - 23 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Logical Operators • Logical operators: operators that can be used to create complex Boolean expressions – and operator and or operator: binary operators, connect two Boolean expressions into a compound Boolean expression – not operator: unary operator, reverses the truth of its Boolean operand
24.
3 - 24 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The and Operator • Takes two Boolean expressions as operands – Creates compound Boolean expression that is true only when both sub expressions are true – Can be used to simplify nested decision structures • Truth table for the and operator Value of the Expression Expression false false and false false false and true false true and false true true and true
25.
3 - 25 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The or Operator • Takes two Boolean expressions as operands – Creates compound Boolean expression that is true when either of the sub expressions is true – Can be used to simplify nested decision structures • Truth table for the or operator Value of the Expression Expression false false and false true false and true true true and false true true and true
26.
3 - 26 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Short-Circuit Evaluation • Short circuit evaluation: deciding the value of a compound Boolean expression after evaluating only one sub expression – Performed by the or and and operators For or operator: If left operand is true, compound expression is true. Otherwise, evaluate right operand For and operator: If left operand is false, compound expression is false. Otherwise, evaluate right operand
27.
3 - 27 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The not Operator • Takes one Boolean expressions as operand and reverses its logical value – Sometimes it may be necessary to place parentheses around an expression to clarify to what you are applying the not operator • Truth table for the not operator Value of the Expression Expression false true true false
28.
3 - 28 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • To determine whether a numeric value is within a specific range of values, use and – Example: x >= 10 and x <= 20 • To determine whether a numeric value is outside of a specific range of values, use or – Example: x < 10 or x > 20 Checking Numeric Ranges with Logical Operators
29.
3 - 29 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Boolean Variables • Boolean variable: references one of two values, True or False – Represented by bool data type • Commonly used as flags – Flag: variable that signals when some condition exists in a program Flag set to False condition does not exist Flag set to True condition exists
30.
3 - 30 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • The turtle.xcor() and turtle.ycor() functions return the turtle's X and Y coordinates • Examples of calling these functions in an if statement: if turtle.xcor() > 100 and turtle.xcor() < 200: turtle.goto(0, 0) if turtle.ycor() < 0: turtle.goto(0, 0) Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (1 of 9)
31.
3 - 31 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (2 of 9) • The turtle.heading() function returns the turtle's heading. (By default, the heading is returned in degrees.) • Example of calling the function in an if statement: if turtle.heading() >= 90 and turtle.heading() <= 270: turtle.setheading(180)
32.
3 - 32 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (3 of 9) • The turtle.isdown() function returns True if the pen is down, or False otherwise. • Example of calling the function in an if statement: if turtle.isdown(): turtle.penup() if not(turtle.isdown()): turtle.pendown()
33.
3 - 33 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (4 of 9) • The turtle.isvisible() function returns True if the turtle is visible, or False otherwise. • Example of calling the function in an if statement: if turtle.isvisible(): turtle.hideturtle()
34.
3 - 34 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (5 of 9) • When you call turtle.pencolor() without passing an argument, the function returns the pen's current color as a string. Example of calling the function in an if statement: • When you call turtle.fillcolor() without passing an argument, the function returns the current fill color as a string. Example of calling the function in an if statement: if turtle.pencolor() == 'red': turtle.pencolor('blue') if turtle.fillcolor() == 'blue': turtle.fillcolor('white')
35.
3 - 35 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (6 of 9) if turtle.bgcolor() == 'white': turtle.bgcolor('gray') • When you call turtle.bgcolor() without passing an argument, the function returns the current background color as a string. Example of calling the function in an if statement:
36.
3 - 36 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (7 of 9) • When you call turtle.pensize() without passing an argument, the function returns the pen's current size as a string. Example of calling the function in an if statement: if turtle.pensize() < 3: turtle.pensize(3)
37.
3 - 37 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (8 of 9) • When you call turtle.speed()without passing an argument, the function returns the current animation speed. Example of calling the function in an if statement: if turtle.speed() > 0: turtle.speed(0)
38.
3 - 38 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Turtle Graphics: Determining the State of the Turtle (9 of 9) • See In the Spotlight: The Hit the Target Game in your textbook for numerous examples of determining the state of the turtle.
39.
3 - 39 Copyright
© 2021, 2018, 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Summary • This chapter covered: – Decision structures, including: Single alternative decision structures Dual alternative decision structures Nested decision structures – Relational operators and logical operators as used in creating Boolean expressions – String comparison as used in creating Boolean expressions – Boolean variables – Determining the state of the turtle in Turtle Graphics
Baixar agora