2. Republic Act No.
10121
otherwise known as PDRRM ACT of 2010
An Act Strengthening the Philippine Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management System,
Providing for the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Framework,
Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Plan,
Appropriating Funds Therefore, and for Other
Purposes
16. What are Earthquakes?
An earthquake is the result of a sudden
release of energy in the Earth's crust that
creates seismic waves
Earthquakes are recorded with a
seismometer, also known as a seismograph
17. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT EARTHQUAKE
The largest recorded earthquake in the
United states was a magnitude 9.2 that struck
Prince William Sound, Alaska on Good
Friday, March 28, 1964
18. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT EARTHQUAKE
The Largest Recoded Earthquake in the
world was a Magnitude 9.5 in Chile on May
22, 1960
19. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT EARTHQUAKE
World‟s deadliest recoded earthquake occurred
in1556 in Central China, killing an estimated
830,000 people in 1976 another deadly
earthquake struck Tangshan, China where more
than 250,00 people were killed.
20. TIDAL WAVE VS TSUNAMI
Although both are sea waves the two has
two different and unrelated phenomena
• Tidal Wave – is a shallow water wave caused by the
gravitational interaction between the sun, moon, and
earth.
•Tsunami – is a sea wave caused by an underwater
earthquake or landslide (usually triggered by an
earthquake) displacing the ocean water
21. Epicenter of an earthquake is
the location directly above
the hypocenter on the
surface of the earth
Hypocenter of an earthquake
is the location beneath the
earth‟s surface where the
rupture of the fault begins
It is estimated that there are 500,000 detectable earthquakes in the
world each year. 100,000 of those can be felt, 100 of them cause
damage.
22. MAGNITUDE & INTENSITY
Magnitude is a measured value of the
earthquake size. The Magnitude is the same no
matter where you are, or how strong or weak the
shaking was in various location
Intensity is a measure of the shaking created b
the earthquake, and this value does vary with
location
24. The Great Hanshin Earthquake
KOBE, JAPAN
Date : 17 January 1995
Time : 5:46 am (Jap. Time)
Magnitude : 6.9
Depth : 22 kms
Casualties : 5,502
Injured : 36,896
~200,000 buildings are damaged or
destroyed.
~300,000 people were evacuated to
temporary shelters
Source: USGS
25. TYPICAL ORGANIZATION OF
DISASTER CONTROL GROUP
CHAIRMAN
ASST. CHAIRMAN
DCG
OPERATIONS CENTER
STAFF ELEMENTS
SECURITY SUPPLY TRANSPORTATION COMMUNICATION
TEAM TEAM TEAM TEAM
OPERATIONS TEAM
WARNING EVACUATION FIRE BRIGADE RESCUE MEDICAL DAMAGE
TEAM TEAM TEAM TEAM TEAM CONTROL
TEAM
26. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy
DISCHARGE
LOCKING PIN
DISCHARGE And SEAL
LEVEL
PRESSURE
GAUGE
DISCHARGE
HOSE
CARRYING
HANDLE
DATA PLATE CLASS
DISCHARGE BODY
NOZZLE
27. Proper use of Fire Extinguisher
P ULL the pin
AIM the base (target)
S QUEEZE the discharge level
S WEEP the nozzle from left to right
T AKBO !!!!!
28. Most Common Causes of Fire
- Arson
-Overheating appliances
(aircon, fans, TV sets, computers, chargers, adaptors, fluorescent, oven-
toasters)
-Overloaded circuits, octopus plug-in outlets and extensions
(substandard materials)
-Throwing of lighted cigarette / butts
-Neglected rubbish, grass fire
-Leaking LPG
-Unattended candles or incents
-Unattended cooking
-Improperly and accumulated stored combustible materials
31. EVACUATION PLAN
The Building Earthquake Evacuation Plan should
have provisions to utilize all available open spaces
nearest the building that are evaluated as safe from
falling debris and other materials that may cause
injuries.
Parking Area Park
32. EVACUATION PLAN
Flow of Traffic and Evacuation Route
Evacuation Site
Use arrows to indicate
the flow of evacuation
One way traffic: persons
shall walk in one direction
34. DURING EARTHQUAKE
B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how
to protect oneself.
Give specific instructions on what to do DURING an
earthquake.
Duck, Cover and Hold
Take cover under a sturdy table or strongly supported
doorway.
Watch out for falling objects.
Keep calm and don‟t panic.
35. DURING EARTHQUAKE
B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how
to protect oneself.
Give specific instructions about what to do AFTER as soon
as the shaking stops:
Be alert…
Listen to instructions.
Walk out of the building in an orderly manner.
36. AFTER EARTHQUAKE
B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how
to protect oneself.
While walking along the alleys/streets, be alert and watch out
for falling debris.
DON’T Run
DON’T Push
DON’T Talk
DON’T Return
DON’T bring your things
37. Why do we need to Conduct an
Earthquake Drill ?
38. Why do we need to Conduct an
Earthquake Drill ?
Earthquake is a natural phenomenon and cannot be
prevented. It can strike quickly without warning.
Earthquake can damage lives and properties.
No available technology that give an
accurate earthquake prediction.
TO MITIGATE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER
40. PHASE 1. ALARM
siren / bell rings for 1 minute
ongoing “ground shaking or earthquake”
41. PHASE 2. RESPONSE
during the “shaking”
perform “DUCK, COVER and HOLD”
Remain in that position
until “shaking” stops
Still BE ALERT, open your eyes
42. PHASE 3. EVACUATION
after the “shaking”
All building occupants
evacuate, following pre-determined
routes, to the EVACUATION AREAS
(OPEN SPACE)
43. Phase 4. ASSEMBLY
At the designated evacuation
area, the „evacuees‟ must be
grouped together.
44. Phase 5. HEAD COUNT
Team leaders should check and
make sure all „evacuees‟ are
accounted for.
45. Phase 6. EVALUATION
An evaluation of the drill must be conducted
to identify problems encountered during the drill
and how this can be corrected in future earthquake
drills.
47. Our Challenges
Disasters remain a major challenge to achieve a disaster-
resilient & safer community in the Philippines by 2015
Natural hazards abound:
typhoon, flood, landslide, earthquake, tsunami, volcanic
eruption, drought, etc.
Climate change remains a potential risk to the country
Poverty, a vulnerability condition, prevails
Fast growing population, increasing population
densities, urbanization, environmental degradation and
pollution increase disaster risks
50. COMMUNITY BASED EMERGENCY WARNING SYSTEM
FLOOD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
“COLORS OF BEAUTY AND SAFETY”
RED PAINT (4 to 6 ft). – NO MOVEMENT
The area should be clear. Everyone must be
in safer grounds or in the evacuation centers.
GREEN PAINT (2 to 4 ft.) – EVACUATE
Families should evacuate their homes and
go to their assigned evacuation centers.
YELLOW PAINT (0 to 2 ft.) – GET READY
Families should secure all of their
possessions and prepare necessary items
for evacuation.
51. COMMUNITY BASED EMERGENCY WARNING SYSTEM
(EMERGENCY MOTOR SIRENS)
INSTALLED THROUGHOUT THE CITY
AIMS:
To remind the public of the importance of
punctuality
To protect minors from possible dangers
they may encounter at night
To warn the public of apprehending disaster
• 1 one-minute blast- families should secure
all of their possessions and prepare
necessary items for evacuation.
• 2 one-minute blasts- families should
evacuate their homes and go to their
assigned evacuation centers.
• 3 one-minute blasts- The area should be
cleared. Everyone should be safe in the
evacuation centers.
51
52. COMMUNITY BASED EMERGENCY WARNING SYSTEM
(EARLY WARNING SIGNAGES FOR
LANDSLIDE, FLOOD/FLASHFLOOD)
52
53. THE NATIONAL DRRM FRAMEWORK
Shifts the country’s paradigm and approach:
• From a reactive, humanitarian
response oriented management
DM of disasters
• To a proactive, vulnerability
reduction and development
DRR/DRM approach to disasters