Green Benifits Of Solar Energy In Telecom

1. GREEN TOWER

2. INTRODUCTION
• India is the second largest telecom market in the world followed by China. The telecom subscriber
base in the country is dominated by the wireless segment which accounts for about 97% of the total
subscriber base.
• The wireless subscriber base in India stood at 1,033.6 million at the end of 2015-2016 financial
year.
• Approximate consumption of mobile tower is 3-5 kilowatts depending on the numbers of operator
using the tower.
• According to TRAI an average fuel consumption of 8,760 liters diesel every year per tower
assuming 8 hours of operation by diesel.
• Total Co2 Emission by using of Diesel is 10 metric tone.
• By using of Renewable Energy Like Solar Energy can reduce the Co2 foot print And consumption of
Diesel.
• Now TRAI(Telecom regulatory Authority of India)And DOT(Department of telecommunication)
jointly Working to reduce the carbon Emission by 25% by 2020.

3. Why Solar Power ?
• Clean and efficient:
traditional electricity is powered by coal & fuel which release harmful emission causes green house
effect. From supply to distribution there are 21% transmission loss.
• No maintenance:
Solar panels have no moving parts and not damaged easily.
• Environmental Benefits:
By going solar you are helping society towards a greener and sustainable future.
• Noise Minimization :
Photovoltaic (PV) panels operate without any noise, a property of key value in hospitals because
they do not incorporate any moving mechanical parts

4. Comparison of Energy Source
SPV WIND TURBINE BIOMASS FUEL CELL
ENERGY SOURCE PV energy generating
systems coverts sun
energy into electric
energy
The kinetic energy of
wind converted
mechanical energy into
electrical energy
Waste composed or
recently dead
organisms are used to
produce alternative
fuels for producing
energy.
Chemical energy
hydrogen
converted to
electricity ,water
vapor and heat.
EFFIENCY 6.2-19.7% 20% 20% 20%
Co2 FOOT PRINT Zero at point of use Zero at point of use Minimal Zero at point of
use
MAINTAINANCE Minimal Minimal Biomass fuel cost and
plant maintenance.
Hydrogen fuel cost
and system
maintenance.

5. ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND CHALLENGES
• Energy is a dominant cost component for telecom companies.
• The energy consumption is mainly for operating the Base Transceiver Station(BTS) or simply
mobile towers.
• Majority of the mobile towers are in the rural sector, where continuous supply of grid connected
electricity is not available.
• Moving further 25 % of these towers are located in areas with no grid connectivity.
• Electricity availability in a day ranges from about 7 to 21 hrs. across the major telecom circles in
India.
• In order to curb this menace the telecom companies keep a backup power source.
• The back up power source will be a 15-25kva 40kva diesel generator.
• Energy expenses constitute one third of total OPEX costs for telecom towers.
• Each tower consumes an average of 4000 liters of diesel every year. A telecom operator should have
to spend Rs 3 billion every month for running this generators. By using the diesel generator the
telecom sector is responsible for over 10 metric tones of CO2 emissions annually.

7. BENIFITS
• Dependency upon Diesel will Reduce .
• It Will helps the Environment to Reduce the green house gas.
• Low Cost than the other sources like Biomass, Wind turbine.
• Power interruption chance is very Low.
• Solar energy easily available and having low maintenance.
• it can be installed in the unused space.it not required any extra Space for installation.

8. WHAT ARE THE COMPANIES DOING ?
• The major players are BSNL, Airtel, Reliance, Vodafone, Idea.
• Bharti Airtel has no clear cut policies regarding the emission of GHG(Green House Gas).
• But it is saying that Bharti Infratel has committed to solarizing 2000 mobile towers.
• Reliance has no plans for cutting their emission.
• The Vodafone group has set a reduction target for Carbon emissions of 50 % by 2020.
• BSNL calls for increasing the number of towers working under solar energy. But they don’t have
other plans.
• Idea Cellular wants to develop solar-DG hybrid solutions and Hydrogen fuel cell solutions but
nothing comes into practice yet.

9. CASE STUDY
• This case assumes an outdoor site with 3 kW load and with 8 hours of grid power outage per day on
average
• Case scenario
• The site requires 8 hours or 24 kWh/day equivalent of back-up power .
• To meet the site off grid energy requirement of 24kWhr/day, the solar photovoltaic solution should be
capable of providing 33kWhr/day.
Site Type Outdoor
Site Load kW 3
Grid Power
Availability
hrs/day 16
Output Power
Requirement
kWhr/day 24
Battery Output
Voltage
volt 48

10. CASE STUDY
• Assuming average of 4 hours of sunshine per day, an 8kW solar photovoltaic system will need to be
installed. It is assumed that, the 8 hours of outage can occur during sunshine availability hours or
during non-availability hours.
• Considering average standard sunshine of 4 hours and 30% depth of battery discharge per day, a
battery capacity of 1720 Ah @ 48 volts will be required . As per energy requirement of this site the
installation area required is 900sq.ft.
SPV solution
Avg. Sunshine availability hrs/per day 4
1 Kwp SPV Panel
generates
KWh/day 4
Efficiency Loss Charge
controller efficiency % 90
Loss due to Dust % 95
Battery Effiency % 85

11. CASE STUDY
• At the current price of INR 125/Wp panel, this installation will cost INR 10,00,000.
• It is to be noted here that the system life of a solar photovoltaic system is estimated to be 20 years
and that of the battery is 3 years.

12. Govt. Initiatives
• Some initiatives have been taken by govt. organizations to encourage the use of renewable energy
resources.
• As part of the NAPCC the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission(JNNSM) provides support for
installing photovoltaic cells.
• In order to decrease the risk of developers the NVVN would share the costs of the project.
• The government also provide help to developers harnessing power through other sources like wind
energy.
• In India the government set a target to run 75% of tower in rural area and 33% in the urban area
under solar Energy.