1. The Pennsylvania Gazette
ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY NEWSPAPER
Est. 1754 September 1786 Priceless
CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION!
Shays' .George Annapolis
Rebellion: Washington: Convention:
A Weak Back to Attack Onward to
Since 1785, former
Government. President Philadelphia!
After an economic Washington has been ..Although all 13
depression hit acting as a liaison colonies were invited to
Massachusetts Farmer’s between attend, only delegates
hard, the State Supreme representatives of from five states
Court refused to issue an Maryland and his attended. Among the
injunction against the home state of delegates was Alexander
foreclosures on the Virginia. Differences Hamilton of New York,
farms. 1200 angry men, over who convinced the
under the direction of currencies, import convention that nothing
former Revolutionary duties, and short of a new design
War captain, Daniel navigation were for government was
Shays, advanced on the among the most needed. It was decided
federal arsenal. While contentious. As a to meet at Independence
the uprising was result of these Hall in Philadelphia in
eventually quelled, the meetings, it was May 1787.
need for a stronger decided that ALL 13
central government was colonies should meet
not. in Annapolis to
Source: http://www.cqpress.com/incontext/constitution/docs/constitutional_law.html
discuss these
2. The
Constitutional
Convention
Chapter 2, Sec. 4
4. Who’s Who at the Convention?
• All states EXCEPT… Rhode Island
• Only 55 of the 74 delegates attended
• 7 were former governors
• 39 served in the Confederation Congress
• 8 signed the Declaration of
Independence
• 6 signed the Articles of Confederation
6. Called the
“Father of the
Constitution”
because the
basic plan for
government
was his idea.
James Madison fourth President of
the United States
(1809–1817)
7. Gouverneur
Morris
wrote the
final draft of
the
Constitution.
Handmade oil painting reproduction of
Portrait Gouverneur Morris (1752-1816),
a painting by Alonzo Chappel.
8. He took an active lead in debates.
Benjamin Franklin (age 81)
13. CONSENSUS on basic issues:
• Limited government
• Representative government
• Separation of powers(three branches)
• Limit states rights to coin money
• Strengthen the national government
15. - Three (3) branches of government:
legislative, judicial, and strong
executive
- bicameral legislature = lower house
elected by the people, upper house
picked by the lower house
- favored large states
16. NEW JERSEY PLAN
- a weak executive
= executive could appoint
national judiciary
- keep the unicameral legislature
= one vote for each state
= congress could collect
taxes and regulate trade
- favored small states
23. Other COMPROMISES:
Commerce and Slave Trade
Compromise
Agreed not to ban the slave
trade until 1808 and forbid
Congress to impose export taxes
24. Why Compromise on
Slavery?
- The Northern states were
outlawing slavery.
- The Southern states would
never agree to the
Constitution if it were
outlawed!
25. RATIFICATION
Federalists Anti-Federalists
(FOR) (AGAINST)
- mainly merchants - mainly farmers
and others in the and laborers
cities and coastal
regions
- feared a strong
national
- argued that without government
a strong national
government, - Lacked a “Bill
anarchy would of Rights”
occur
26. Our New Government
March 4, 1789
- Federal Hall, New York City, temporary capital
- 22 senators and 59 representatives elected
April 30, 1789
- George Washington, took oath as first president
- John Adams, elected vice-president
Notas do Editor
Original picture: The Constitution was written at Independence Hall, Philadelphia, during the summer of 1787. (Source: Library of Congress.) Source: http://www.cqpress.com/incontext/constitution/docs/constitutional_law.html
One vote per state on ALL issues.
Required a simple majority of all states present.
Seven of thirteen states must be present for a meeting.
Secret debates and meetings – no press or public. WHY????
Students are to draw this organizer in their notes, with notes to follow.
This is a mnemonic visual for the two parts.
There was a disagreement over how to determine the number of representatives each state would have.Southern states wanted slaves counted for representation but not taxes; Northern states wanted the opposite.
The Northern states wanted the national government to have complete control over trade with other nations.The Southern states were afraid a populated North might hurt their agricultural trade.
