1.
Southeast University
Department of textile
BASIS OF
INTERSTOFF APPARELS LTD.
CHANDORA, KALIAKOIR,
GAZIPUR, BANGLADESH.

2.
STARTING BY THE NAME OF ALMIGHTY
ALLAH
WHO IS THE CREATOR OF ALL
CREATION
MOST POWERFULL
MOST MERCIFULL

3.
TABLE OF CONTENT
NAM E OF SECTION PAGE NO.
COMPANY PROFILE 06
KNITTING SECTION 07
QUALITY CONTROL SECTION 23
DYEING SECTION 26
PROJECT WORK 33

4.
Company Profile
Basic Information
Company Name:
INTERSTOFF APPARELS LTD.
Business Type:
100% Knit Garments Manufactures
Number of Employees:
Above 25000 t0 30000 People
Address:
Head Office:
 House # 43 (1st Floor) Road # 35A (New),
Gulshan-2, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
 Ph: (+88 02) 881 7674, 882 2205
 Fax: (+88 02) 988 2320
 Email: info@icl.bdrmg.com

5.
KNITTING SECTION
CIRCULAR & FLAT

6.
It is the method of creating fabric by
transforming continuous strands of yarn into a series
of interlocking loops. Each raw of such loop hanging
from the one immediate preceding it.

7.
Raw material is a unique
substance in any production
oriented textile industry. It plays
a vital role in continuous production
and for high quality fabric.

8.
Raw material Types
 In knitting section, for knitting fabrics only yarn is used as raw
materials.
1. Cotton yarn:
(A). Combed.
(B). Carded.
2. Polyester yarn:
(A). Normal.
(B). Micro.
3. CVC.
4. Grey Melange (C-90%, V-10%)
5. Ecru Melange (C-85%, V-15%)
6. Anthra Melange (C-65%, V-35%)
7. Spandex (Lycra).
8. PC
9. Mixed melange

9.
Count of yarn Used in this Ind.
 Carded Yarn: 20’s to 40’s
 CVC : 20’s to 40’ s
 PC :24’s, 26’s, 28’s, 30’s
 Spandex(Lycra) : 20D, 40D, 70D
 Combed yarn: 24’s to 36’s
 Gray Melange : 20’s to 40’s
 Polyester Yarn : 75D, 100D

10.
Classification of Knitting
Section
01. Flat knitting section
02. Circular knitting section
03.Fabric inspection section
04. Maintenance & Mechanics

11.
Relationship between knitting
parameters
 1. Stitch length increase with the decrease of
GSM.
 2. If stitch length increase then fabric width
increase and WPI decrease.
 3. If machine gauge increase then fabric
width decrease.
 4. If yarn count increase (courser) then fabric
width increase.
 5. If shrinkage increases then fabric width
decrease but GSM and WPI increase.
 6. For finer gauge, finer count yarn should use.

12.
PRODUCTION CALCULATION
Production/shift in kg at 100% efficiency
= DG 2 (for Rib)
= DG (for Interlock)
Generally, Machine R.P.M =
countYarn
mmSLNeedleofNoFeederofNoRPM



2.2046×840×36×2.54×10
860)(..
=
No. of Needle = DG (for S/J)

13.
G.S.M.
It is technical term that
indicates the weight of
the fabric per square
meter.

14.
METHODS OF INCREASING
PRODUCTION
 1. By increasing m/c speed:
 2. By increasing the number of feeder:
 3. By using machine of higher gauge:
 4. By imposing automation in the m/c:
 5. By imposing other developments:

15.
END PRODUCTS OF CIRCULAR
KNITTING MACHINE
Single Jersey M/C:
1. S/J Plain
2. Single lacoste
3. Double lacoste
4. Single pique
5. Double pique
6. Mini jacquard
7. Fleece
8. Terry Fleece

16.
DIFFERENT PARTS OF KNITTING
MACHINE
 Creel:
 Feeder:
 Tensioning device:
 Take up roller
 Guide:
 Sensor
 Spreader:
 VDQ pulley:
 Cam
 Sinker

17.
Knitting Lace Needle

18.
Sinker

19.
CAM
 Knit Cam
 Tuck Cam
 Miss cam

20.
V.D.Q Pulley

21.
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR QUALITY
CONTROL
 Inspection m/c.
 Electronic balance.
 GSM cutter.
 Measuring tape.
 Scissors.
 Indication sticker.

22.
Knitting Faults
 Hole Mark
 Needle Mark
 Sinker Mark
 Star Mark
 Drop Stitches
 Oil Stain
 Pin Hole
 Rust stain
 Cloth fall-out
 SLUBS
 LYCRA DROP
 Grease Stain

23.
DYEING SECTION

24.
DYEING
The process by which a textile material is
changed physically or chemically so that
it looks mono uniform colored is called
dyeing.

25.
Flow Chart of Dyeing….
Grey Fabric Inspection
Batch Section
Batching
Load on Machine
Scouring
Bleaching
Enzyme
Leveling
Electrolyting
Dyeing
Softening
Unload Machine

26.
LAB DIP
Lab Dip Development means the sample
which is dyed according to buyer’s requirements
(similar shade and so on).Depending on lab dip
development sample dyeing and bulk production
dyeing planning done.
OBJECT OF LAB DIP
 The main objectives in lab dip are as follows.
 To calculate the recipe for sample dyeing.
 To compare dyed sample with swatch by light Box
or VERVIDE Color Cabinet .
 To calculate revise recipe for sample dyeing.
 Finally approved Lab Dip(Grade: A B C)

27.
STOCK SOLUTION:
In Chemistry a stock solution is a large volume
of a common reagent at a standardize
concentration.
 Why Stock solution is required in laboratory:
The dyes which are supplied by different
dyes and chemical companies are in solid form.
When we need to dye a sample fabric we need
to dissolve the dye and for this reason as per the
requirement of shade darkness or lightness we
required different concentration of dye solution.
As a result stock solution is very important in
laboratory process.

28.
Batch Preparation:
Batching is the process to get ready the fabrics which
should be dyed and processed for a particular lot of a
particular order.
 Objective of Batching:
 To receive the grey fabric roll from knitting
section or other source.
 Turn the grey fabric if require.

29.
Possible Dyeing Faults…
1. Uneven Shade
2. Running Shade
3. Crease Mark
4. Oil Spot
5. Softener Spot
6. Dyeing Hole
7. Roll to roll shade
variation

30.
PROJECT WORK

31.
Hole Mark
 Causes:
 Holes are the result of yarn breakage or yarn cracks.
 During loop formation the yarn breaks in the rejoin of the
needle hook.
 Badly knot or splicing.
 Yarn feeder badly set.
 Remedies:
 Yarn strength must be sufficient to withstand the stretch as
well as uniform.
 Use proper count of yarn.
 Correctly set of yarn feeder.
 Knot should be given properly

32.
Needle Mark
 Causes:
 When a needle breaks down then needle mark comes along
the fabrics.
 If a needle or needle hook is slightly bends then needle mark
comes on the fabrics.
 Remedies:
 Needle should be straight as well as from broken latch.

33.
Sinker Mark
 Causes:
 When sinker corrode due to abrasion then
some times can
 not hold a new loop as a result sinker
mark comes.
 If sinker head bend then sinker mark
comes.
 Remedies:
 Sinker should be changed.

34.
Star Mark
 Causes:
 Yarn tension variation during production.
 Buckling of the needle latch.
 Low GSM fabric production.
 Remedies:
 Maintain same yarn tension during
production.
 Use good conditioned needle.

35.
Pin Hole
 Causes:
 Due to break down or bend of the latch,
pin hole may come in the fabric.
 Remedies:
 Change the needle.

36.
Rust stain
 Causes:
 If any rust on the m/c parts.
 Remedies:
 If any rust on the m/c parts then clean it.
 Proper maintenance as well as proper
oiling.

37.
Grease Stain
 Causes:
 Improper greasing.
 Excess greasing.
 Remedies:
 Proper greasing as well as proper maintenance.

38.
Cloth fall-out
 Causes:
 Cloth fall-out can occur after a drop stitch especially when an
empty needle with closed latch runs into the yarn.
 Remedies:
 Make sure all the latches of needle are closed with feeding yarn
after a drop stitch.

39.
SLUBS Causes:
 Occur during spinning process
 Improper winding
 Snagging
 Extra fly yarn knitted on the fabric
 Remedies:
 Use proper count of yarn.
 Correctly set of yarn feeder.
 Knot should be given properly.

40.
LYCRA DROP
 Causes:
 Lycra yarn tension vary time to time
 Weak place in lycra yarn.
 Remedies:
Lycra yarn tension should be adjust.
Better Quality lycra yarn used.

41.
TECHNICAL TEXTILE
The definition of Technical textiles
adopted by the authoritative
Textile Terms and
Definitions, published by the Textile
Institute, is “Textile materials and
products
manufactured primarily for their
technical and performance
properties rather than

42.
Fiber used in Technical Textiles
 1. Conventional fibers.
 2. High strength and high modulus organic fibers.
 3. High chemical- and combustion-resistant
organic fibers.
 4. High performance inorganic fibers.
 5. Ultra-fine and novelty fibers.
 6. Civil and agricultural engineering fibers.
 7. Automotive and aeronautics fibers.
 8. Medical and hygiene applications fibers.
 9. Protection and defense fibers.

43.
Types of Technical Textiles
 Home textiles
 Medical and hygiene textiles
 Industrial products and components
 Agriculture, horticulture and fishing
 Construction – building and roofing
 Ecological protection textiles
 Protective and safety clothing and textiles
 Geotextiles in civil engineering
 Sport and leisure
 Packaging and containment Clothing components
 Transport textiles

44.
Applications Of Technical Textiles:
 Soil reinforcement:
 Drainage (fluid transmission)
 Filtration
 Separation
 Erosion control/absorption:
 Engineering properties of geo-textiles:
 Frictional resistance of geo-textiles

45.
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