orientation about your role as a non-healthcare professional bystander in case of cardiac arrest

1. DR. SHERIF ELBADRAWY
ICU ADVANCED TRAINEE
WESTMEAD HOSPITAL

2. Introduction ...
When a patient experiences a cardiac
arrest you need to ACT
swiftly and correctly starting with
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT skills.

3. • vital intervention before arrival of
emergency services - double or triple
survival from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).
• Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation
(within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60% survival

4. DEFINITIONS
• CARDIAC ARREST: Abrupt cessation of cardiac
pump function which may be reversible by a rapid
intervention but will lead to
in its absence.
DEATH: Irreversible cessation of all biologic functions

5. Providing CPR/AED for Adults
 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation circulates blood
that contains
oxygen
 to the vital organs of a patient in cardiac arrest
when the heart and breathing have stopped.
 It includes chest compressions and
ventilations as well as the use of an automated
external defibrillator.

6. BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
Chest compressions and pulmonary
ventilation performed by
anyone
who knows how to do it
anywhere,
immediately,
without any other equipment

7. CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

8. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).
Combines rescue breathing and chest
compressions
Revives heart (cardio) and lung (pulmonary)
functioning
Use when there is no breathing and no pulse
 Provides O2 to the brain until ACLS arrives

9. How CPR Works
Effective CPR provides 1/4
to 1/3 normal blood flow
Rescue breaths contain
16% oxygen (exhaled).

10. Start CPR Immediately
Better chance of survival Brain
damage starts in 4-6 minutes
Brain damage is certain after 10
minutes without CPR

12. Levine sign

15. Do Not Move the Victim
Until CPR is Given and Qualified Help
Arrives ...
unless the scene dictates otherwise

17. CHECK RESPONSE
- Shake shoulders gently
- Ask "Are you all right?"
- If he responds
• Leave as you find him.
• Find out what is wrong.
• Reassess regularly.

21. Open the airway
with the head tilt chin lift

30. CHEST COMPRESSIONS
• Place the heel of one hand in the center of the
chest
• Place other hand on top
• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
- Rate 100 min
- Depth 5 cm
- Equal compression : relaxation

36. When possible change CPR operator every 2 minutes

40. AED operation steps
AED step 1
Power on
AED step 2
attach AED pads to bare chest
AED step 3
Clear and analyze
AED step 4
Shock if advised (clear victim)
AED step 5
resume CPR starting with chest compressions

48. Don’ts
 Do not use alcohol to wipe the patient’s chest dry. Alcohol is
flammable.
 Do not touch the patient while the AED is analyzing. Touching or
moving the patient may affect analysis.
 Do not touch the patient while the AED is defibrillating. You or
someone else could be shocked.
 Do not defibrillate someone when around flammable or combustible
materials, such as gasoline or free-flowing oxygen.