2. Blood transfusions can be life-saving in some
situations, such as massive blood loss due to
trauma, or can be used to replace blood lost during
surgery.
Blood transfusion is the process of transferring
blood or blood-based products from one person
into the circulatory system of another.
Components of the blood early transfusions used
whole blood, but modern medical practice
commonly uses only components of the blood.
3. Assisting in transfusion of blood or blood
products into vein using aseptic technique.
Blood transfusion consists of administration
of compatible donor’s whole blood or any of
its components to correct/treat any
clinical condition.
7. Restore and maintain blood volume
Improve oxygen carrying capacity of
blood
Replace deficient blood components and
improve coagulation
Not be be given
“just to make the patient feel better”
8. To raise the hemoglobin level in cases of severe
anemia which are not corrected by the
administration of vitamins and iron therapy.
To treat deficiencies of plasma proteins, clotting
factors and hemophilic globulin etc.
To provide antibodies to those persons who are
sick and having lowered immunity by giving
blood or plasma.
To replace the blood with hemolytic agents with
fresh blood as in case of erythroblastosis foetalis,
hemolytic anemia.
To improve the leucocytes count of blood as in
agranulocytosis.
To combat infection in patients with leucopenia
9. Type of Transfusion:
Whole Blood
Blood Component
RBC,PLT,CLT
Plasma Substitutes
Blood Transfusion
10. Symptomatic anemia (providing
oxygen-carrying capacity)
Shelf life =42 d (1-6 ℃)
Red Blood Cells
11. Coagulation factor
deficiencies
1 ml increases 1% clotting
factors
Being used as soon as
possible
After use of 5 U of RBCs,
matching 2 U of FFP
Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)
15. Double Check: Name, Type and Crossmatch
Storage Time: Citrate Phosphate Dextrose
Acidic Citrate Dextrose
21D, 35D
Stored temperature: 1to 6 degree Celsius.
No any other Medication:
Observation during / after Transfusion:
Attention:
Blood Transfusion
16. Informed consent
Patient’s name,
number, blood type
Blood bag ID
number
Compatibility test
results
Expiration date
C
H
E
C
K
17. Ask another person to check all
information
According to hospital policy
Sign confirmation slip / transfusion
record
V
E
R
I
F
Y Return unit to blood bank if any
discrepancy exists
19. Technique of Transfusion:
Approach Route:
Peripheral Vein, Center Vein
Filtration before Transfusion:
Velocity of Transfusion:
5-10ml/min
Blood Transfusion
20. Red blood cells : Initial rate no more than
25 ml in first 15 mts.
Usual transfusion time is 2hrs & maximum
time is 4hrs.
Platelets 10 ml/min
Plasma 10 ml/min
Cryoprecipitate 10ml/min
22. Prime filter
Set flow rate to 5-10 ml/minute for first 15
minutes .
Monitor vital signs for the first 15 mts/hour
If no adverse effects are noted adjust flow to
faster rate
23.
24. Monitor vital signs every 30 minutes and watch
closely for any undue reaction.
Maintain the patient’s comfort during and after
procedure.
Dispose of used materials properly.
Document procedure in patient’s medical record
including patient assessment findings and
tolerance to procedure.
Monitor patient for response to and
effectiveness of the procedure
32. Flush tubing with saline
Take vital signs
Complete transfusion record
Pack tubing, filter, blood bag
Assess patient and make notes
Return to
blood bank
33. Rate of flow should be slow for the first 10 minutes.
If there are no signs of reaction, transfusion rate
may be increased to required rate.
Rate of flow must be slower for elderly patients
and those who have heart disease
If there are signs of complications, stop transfusion
immediately. keep IV line open by connecting
normal saline and notify doctor.
Change transfusion set if another unit of
blood/blood components is to be given
Do not add medications to blood/blood
components.
Do not store blood/blood component in ward.
Keep emergency drugs(e.g.
Antihistamines,lasix,hydrocortisone,adrenaline.t.c)
ready at hand
34. Administration of blood and blood
components requires knowledge of correct
administration techniques and possible
complications. It is very important to be
familiar with the agency’s policies and
procedures for transfusion therapy.