1. Crusades 1096-1291
Aim/Goals: What was the causes of the
Crusades?
Do Now:
(1) What is the definition of “monotheism?”
(2) Locate Jerusalem on your map.
Homework: Create a poster or want ad for
various groups in medieval Europe describing
why they should join the Crusades. Be
creative and use color.

2. Do Now Responses:
(1) Monotheism is
______________________________.
(2) Jerusalem is located in
___________________(country)
___________________(continent)

3. Jerusalem
Jerusalem is here.
There is fighting between
Palestinian Muslims & Jews
For this territory.
Middle East

4. Document #1
(1) Based on this map, which holy city was the destination of the first four
Crusades?

5. Who were the Popes?
• Pope is head of the Catholic
Church
• Had enormous influence
over all of Western Europe
(Christiandom)
• Popes supported & advised
kings.

6. Pope’s Power
• Popes thought they had supreme
authority over all the people of
Christiandom including Kings
and Nobles.
• This was based on the idea that Christ’s
apostle, Peter, was the first “Pope” &
represented Christ on earth.

7. Pope Urban II

8. Document #2
Read Document #2 and answer question
#2.
The goals of the Crusades were
_________________________________
_________________________________.

9. Who were the
Crusaders?a
• Serfs who wanted
change from their
mundane lives
• Children who
believed in the idea
• Women & nuns who
believed in the idea
• Knights who wanted
something to fight
for.

10. Pope Urban II called the Crusades,
“Holy Wars,” (1096-1291) to:
• Purpose: to drive Muslims out of the
Holy Land of Jerusalem, in Israel.
• Restore Holy Land for Christian Pilgrims
who liked to visit there.
• Give knights a purposeful mission.
• To unite Christians under him.

11. Difference between a
Crusade and a Pilgrimage
• Crusade was a holy war, fought
in Jerusalem against Muslims
• Pilgrimage was a peaceful visit to a
holy place (church, shrine) where a
saint was buried or holy event took
place.

12. pilgrimage

13. Crusade!
Jerusalem is a holy city
To Muslims, Jews,
And Christians. It is
Located in Israel.

14. Document #3
Read Document #3 and answer question
#3 in full sentences in your notebook.
The reasons why the people joined the
Crusades was
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________

15. Document #4
Read Document #4 and answer question
#4 in full sentences in your notebook.
The Crusaders are considered hypocrites
because _______________________
________________________________
________________________________.

16. Crusaders in Jerusalem
What do you notice taking place
In this painting?

17. What Happened?
• Christians saw
Muslims as “infidels”
• “Infidel” is someone
who doesn’t share
your religious belief.
• Muslims saw
Christians as
infidels, too.

18. Document #5

19. Response to Document #5
Many Muslims still consider Saladin a
hero because ___________________
________________________________
________________________________.

20. Summary Question:
• A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades
(1096–1291) was to
1. establish Christianity in western Europe
2. capture the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Islamic rulers
3. unite warring Arab peoples
4. strengthen English dominance in the Arab world

21. Results of the Crusades
• Failure to win back the
Holy Land.
• Decline of Pope’s
prestige & feudalism.
• Interest in other places
ideas, and cultures.

22. What do you think?
• Were Crusades a poor decision? Good
decision? Why or why not?
• Should you impose your ideas on
someone else?
• Were there some good things that
happened as a result?
• Would you have supported the idea of
Crusading?

23. The End