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Improving Streets Through Placemaking
What If We Built San Francisco
Around Places?
San Francisco
April 23rd, 2009
• 48 U.S. States, 30 Countries
• 2000+ Communities
• 3 Million annual web visitors
• 35,000 people get our
electronic newsletter (1000+
SFers)
34 years of
Placemaking
Program Areas
Building Community Through TransportationCommunity Anchors
Public Markets & Local Economies Great Places, Great Cities
If you plan for cars and traffic…
you get more cars and traffic.
If you plan for people and places…
you get more people and places.
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
The best way to handle the problem of ‘undesirables’ is
to make a
place attractive to everyone else. -- William H. Whyte
The Power of Ten
City/Town
Districts/
Destinations
Place
The Power of Ten
Layering of uses and
amenities to create
synergy (Triangulation)
Place
10+ things to do
The Power of Ten
Districts/Streets
Destinations
10+ Places
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
District
The Power of Ten
City/Town 10+ Great Destinations/
Streets/Neighborhoods
/Districts
Neighbor
-hoodDestin
-ation
District
District
Destin
-ation
Neighbor
-hood
Destin
-ation
Street
Street
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Crisis driven,
Politically initiated
Relies on
professionals
and “experts”
Expensive
Community
is resistant
Static designs
Results in limited
experience of place
Narrow Goals
Project/DisciplineDrivenApproach
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
• Empowers Communities
• Attracts partners, money
& creative solutions
• Professionals become
resources
• Design supports uses
• Solutions are flexible
• Engagement and
commitment grow
Greater Kennedy Plaza
Providence, RI
Biltmore
Hotel
City
Hall
Kennedy
Plaza
Burnside
Park
•Placemaking process:
Training and
developing steering
committee
•Focus groups (youth,
social services, Police,
transit agency, BID,
etc)
•Public workshop with
130 attendees
Public Square Tuesday
•57 non-profit agencies have participated
•5-15 agencies each week
“Thanks for doing this all summer.
I think I am not alone in thinking it
was a good way to spend time with
people we don’t usually reach -
and a great use of public space.”
Martha Yager
American Friends Service Committee
“Look at this –no one would have
wanted to relax here last year – it’s
amazing!”
Sister Ann Keefe
St. Michael’s Church
Rhythm and Soul Sunday
Featuring music by the AfroSonic Collective and
resident drummers. 2-8pm.
Lunchtime and after-work performances
Community Stage
Wednesdays and Thursdays
Market Bazaar Thursday
Farmers’ Market Friday
Sales were up by at least 20%
from the previous year, due to
moving the market to Kennedy
plaza near the improvements.
“The programming here has made
an immediate and positive impact,
creating a safer atmosphere.”
Sergeant George Smith
Providence Police Department
“Thanks to the hard work and vision of
our community partners, this wonderful
space is being transformed into a
vibrant gathering place that offers
something for everyone,”
Mayor David N. Cicilline
City of Providence
Campus Martius, Detroit
Campus Martius Vision:
• Detroit's Gathering Place
• The Crossroads of Downtown Detroit
• Our Town Square
• The City's Signature Landmark
• A Catalyst for Revitalization
• A Place Where the Community Celebrates
Major Partners:
• City of Detroit
• Detroit 300 Conservancy
• Detroit DOT
“Campus Martius Park will be a place
where residents, workers and visitors come
together to relax, enjoy, play and celebrate
Detroit.”
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PRINCIPLES OF GREAT STREETS
 Attractions & Destinations
 Identity & Image
 Active & Connected Edge Uses
 Amenities
 Management:
Central to the Solution
 Seasonal Strategy
 Diverse User Groups
 Balances Modes
 Blending of Uses and Modes
 Protects Neighborhoods
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Attractions & Destinations
 Street design should be responsive to adjacent land
uses, not a streetscape plan
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Attractions & Destinations
 Clustered activity points of interest
 10+ destinations – including food and markets,
local retail, art, play, education, health/recreation
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Identity & Image
 Showcase local assets to create a distinct sense of place
 Businesses, pedestrians and drivers raise their behavior
(conform, respect) to this vision
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Active & Connected Edge Uses
 Activate the street with ground floor uses
 Pedestrians choose their path based on the expectation
of a social, commercial or aesthetic experience
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
 Narrow cross sections slow traffic and allow the street to
connect, rather than divide, both sides of the street
 Trees and small setbacks improve pedestrian
experience
Active & Connected Edge Uses
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Amenities
 Public and private seating options
 Triangulate to support use – cluster sidewalk elements
like benches, waste baskets, planters, lampposts, cafes
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Management - Central to the Solution
 Maintenance and security
 Programming – daily activity generators and cultural, civic
events
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Flexibility
 Street design can respond to community use
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Seasonal Strategies
 Activate
throughout
the day, week
and year
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Draws Diverse User Groups
 No one group or use dominates (ethnicities, ages,
interests, economic means, etc.)
 Design for use
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Traffic, Transit & the Pedestrian
 Range of transportation options
 Complete street design (all appropriate modes
are accommodated)
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Traffic, Transit & the Pedestrian
 Walkable – there are places to go
 Connected to adjacent areas
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Protects Neighborhoods
 Clear transitions and changes in street character
between high and low function roadways
Diverse Funding Base
•Public support
•Private sponsorship
•Broad partnerships
Security --
City Funding
23%
Facility -
Parks
Department
6%
Event Rentals
18%
Tenant
Leases
24%
In Kind
Donations
17%
Event
Sponsorships
12%
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
New York City Street Renaissance
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
A funnel for downtown traffic...
Finn Square – Before
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
...can be a defining space for Tribeca.
Finn Square – After
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Lt. Petrosino Square – Before
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Lt. Petrosino Square – After
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Astor Place
A void between two great neighborhoods…
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Astor Place
…can support and showcase the best of NYC.
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Allen Street
A divider for Chinatown…
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Allen Street
…can become an economic generator and gathering place.
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Car storage space…
Grand Street – Before
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
…can become the most valuable space in the neighborhood.
Grand Street – After
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
BroadwayCreating and Connecting
Great Destinations
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Union Square
Madison Square
Herald Square
Times Square
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Union Square
Madison Square
Herald Square
Times Square
Bryant Park
Rockefeller Center
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Streets Renaissance Projects
 Meat Packing District Initiative
 Grand Army Plaza Coalition, Brooklyn
 Times Square Alliance
 Myrtle Ave BID
 9th
Ave Streets Renaissance
 Columbus Ave BID
 Kellogg Food and Fitness Initiative
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Columbus Avenue Perception
1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00
ATTRACTIVENESS
SAFETYFROM CRIME
CLEANLINESS
EASE OF CROSSING THE
STREET:
STREET FURNISHINGS:
INFORMATION AND
WAYFINDING
SAFETYFROM TRAFFIC
LOADING AND UNLOADING:
PARKING
PLACES TO SIT OUTSIDE:
NEWS BOXES
Poor Fair Good Excellent
today
tomorrow
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Gansevoort Plaza
An underutilized space in a changing district…
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Plaza Experiment
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Overview: Creating and Connecting
Great Destinations
 Columbus Circle
 Rockefeller Center
 Times Square
 Bryant Park
 Grand Central Terminal
 Port Authority
 Penn Station
 Herald & Greeley Squares
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Survey
(Poor 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 Good)
• Urban energy & attractiveness
• Lacks seating & refreshment
• Smells like urine
• Safe from crime not traffic
• People enjoy destination retail
• Unclear public spaces & activities
• sociability - lowest scoring
category
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Current
Conditions
Times Square
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Festival with
no Crossover
Times Square
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
Successful Places
/Place Capital
Economic Development
Cultural Development
Tourism
Public Space
Maintenance/
Management
Transportation/
Infrastructure
Planning
Restructuring Government for Placemaking
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES
 When you focus on a place, you do everything
differently.
 Good places breed healthy activity.
 People attract people attract people.
 It takes many disciplines and skills to create a
place.
 80 Percent of the success of a place is due to
Management.
 It takes a community to create a place.
 Amenities that make a place comfortable are
critical.
 You can’t know what you are going to end up with.
PROJECT FOR
PUBLIC SPACES

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PPS Managing Great Public Spaces

Editor's Notes

  1. A place-driven, community based approach to public spaces yields much different results
  2. How to integrate land use and transportation
  3. New York is a city best enjoyed on foot, yet we plan our streets for cars. New York City’s streets are the soul of its neighborhoods and the pathways to some of the world’s most in-demand destinations. For generations, New Yorkers and visitors have strolled, shopped and socialized on sidewalks and street corners. Pedestrianfriendly streets are the city’s most fundamental assets. Unfortunately, we aren’t making the most of these assets. Instead, our streets are being managed almost entirely for traffic flow. If we continue planning our streets for cars and traffic we will get more cars and traffic; conversely, if we start planning our cities for people and places, we will get more people and places. Around the world, cities are tackling the problems caused by automobile traffic with creative solutions. New York is not keeping up. The choice is clear: either we choose to be defined by worsening traffic and perilous streets or we can define ourselves through great public spaces and lively streets. This exhibition sheds light on the unbalanced, undemocratic, and underperforming condition of New York City’s streets. Through action and dialogue New Yorkers can raise expectations for their public realm and envision better streets for all New Yorkers.
  4. From the window of the Department of Transportation stands one of the great opportunities to use transportation improvements to create a place and put the automobile in balance with other modes of transportation. Finn Square has many of the ingredients of a great civics square. However, the attractive subway stop, top restaurants, the small park space, and the good historic and contemporary buildings are all assets that currently stand in isolation. 4 lanes going into 2 lanes creates aggressive driving where Varick Street meets Finn Square. Meanwhile, all around Finn Square large swaths of road space go unused. Pulling these assets together with pedestrian improvements and adding a few additional uses will create one of the great community spaces and neighborhood destinations in the city.
  5. From the window of the Department of Transportation stands one of the great opportunities to use transportation improvements to create a place and put the automobile in balance with other modes of transportation. Finn Square has many of the ingredients of a great civics square. However, the attractive subway stop, top restaurants, the small park space, and the good historic and contemporary buildings are all assets that currently stand in isolation. 4 lanes going into 2 lanes creates aggressive driving where Varick Street meets Finn Square. Meanwhile, all around Finn Square large swaths of road space go unused. Pulling these assets together with pedestrian improvements and adding a few additional uses will create one of the great community spaces and neighborhood destinations in the city.