Talk at SEMANTiCS 2017 www.semantics.cc

1. ENERGY, SMART HOMES & SMART GRIDS:
TOWARDS INTEROPERABILITY FOR
DEMAND SIDE FLEXIBILITY USING
SAREF AND SAREF4ENER
Laura Daniele, TNO
SEMANTiCS 2017, Amsterdam

2. INTRODUCTION

3. BACKGROUND (1/2)
Societal challenge: achieve higher energy efficiency
>40% total energy consumption in Europe comes from residential houses and therefore home
appliances
Home appliances are energy using and producing products (EupPs) designed to
accomplish household functions, like cleaning or cooking
e.g., refrigerators, stoves, washing machines (White goods), toasters, coffee makers, air
conditioners, light bulbs (Brown goods), PCs, TVs, mobile phones, cameras (Shiny goods)

4. BACKGROUND (2/2)
More and more home appliances nowadays are smart appliances
Highly intelligent and networked devices
Complete energy consuming, producing and managing systems
The goal becomes then to achieve higher energy efficiency not only at the level of
individual devices, but especially at system level

5. MOTIVATION
Need for open and standardised interfaces among networked devices (often from
different vendors) constituting these systems
Many relevant standards already exist, but not a common architecture
Need to abstract from specific details of individual standards and create an abstraction
layer based on a commonly agreed semantics
Need for high level model- a reference ontology- that defines recurring concepts in the
smart appliances domain without having to know specifics of the various standards

6. THE SMART APPLIANCES STUDY
In order to create the missing abstraction layer based on a commonly agreed
semantics, in 2013 the European Commission launched a standardization initiative
(SMART 2013/0077) in collaboration with ETSI TC SmartM2M to create a reference
ontology for the smart appliances domain (SAREF) as “interoperability language”
SAREF study conducted by TNO from January 2014 to March 2015
www.sites.google.com/site/smartappliancesproject

7. SAREF BUILT FROM AN EXTENSIVE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING
STANDARDS AND PROTOCOLS

8. SAREF

9. SAREF MAIN CONCEPTS

10. SAREF EVOLUTION
The outcome of the Smart Appliances study resulted in the publication of the SAREF
standard by ETSI in November 2015
In 2016, ETSI requested a Specialist Task Force (SFT 513) on the management of
SAREF and creation of extensions in specific domains
In January 2017, the first 3 extensions were published: SAREF for Energy, SAREF for
Environment and SAREF for Buildings
https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/new-version-machine-2-machine-
standard-smart-appliances-introduced-etsi

11. SAREF SPECIFICATIONS
SAREF version 2 Technical Specification:
TS 103 264 V2.1.1
SAREF extension investigation Technical
Report: TR 103 411
SAREF for Energy (SAREF4ENER)
Technical Specification: TS 103 410-1
SAREF for Environment (SAREF4ENVI)
Technical Specification: TS 103 410-2
SAREF for Buildings (SAREF4BLDG)
Technical Specification: TS 103 410-3

12. A multitude of other domains such as
Smart Cities, Smart AgriFood,
Smart Industry and Manufacturing,
Automotive, eHealth/Ageing-well
and Wearables, are currently on the
roadmap turning SAREF into
“Smart Anything REFerence ontology”,
which enables better integration of
semantic data from various vertical domains in the IoT
A new Specialist Task Force funded by ETSI will start in October 2017 to create 3 new
SAREF extensions for Smart Cities, Smart AgriFood, Smart Industry and Manufacturing
SAREF ROADMAP

13. SAREF4ENER

14. SAREF4ENER
MAIN CONCEPTS

15. SAREF4ENER
POWER PROFILE

16. SAREF4ENER INSTANCE

17. DSF STUDY

18. THE DSF STUDY
TNO is currently performing a follow-up study on SAREF for the European Commission
in collaboration with ESMIG and DNV-GL for “ensuring interoperability for Demand Side
Flexibility” (SMART 2016/0082)
https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/blog/digitising-energy-sector-
opportunity-europe

19. DEMAND SIDE FLEXIBILITY
Demand Side Flexibility (DSF) indicates the flexibility on
the electricity usage offered by end-consumers (i.e., the
“demand side”) to voluntary change their typical
electricity consumption patterns in response to market
signals, such as time-variable electricity prices or
incentives
The implementation of DSF not only requires energy
market players (such as grid operators) and energy
service companies to cooperate, but also their technical
infrastructures to be coupled.

20. DSF DATA FLOWS
SAREF in Home
Alignment needed!

21. GOAL
Goal of the study is to identify gaps in standardization, recommend alignments needed
to achieve DSF interoperability - especially in relation to SAREF and its extension for
Energy (SAREF4ENER) - and demonstrate an integrated DSF infrastructure

22. APPROACH (1/2)
Identify use cases
Identify a long list of relevant standards
Identify a short list of representative standards
Analyse data elements defined by these standards
Identify necessary alignments between data elements, especially in relation to SAREF
Propose actions & solutions for alignments to SDOs
Demonstrate Proof of Concept

23. APPROACH (2/2)

24. TIMELINE
March-May 2017 June 2017 June-July 2017 October 2017
Identify Use Cases
and data elements
Identify and analyse
data standards
Stakeholder
workshop
Identify necessary
alignments
Implementation
Dissemination &
Demonstration
Aug-Sep 2017

25. STATE OF STANDARDISATION
SAREF in Home
We have identified a long list of relevant
standards and described in terms of:
Standard Acronym and Full Name
Issuing Organisation/ Technical
Committee/ Industry Alliance
Most relevant URL and other
precise references
Overall description
Description of data elements
Interface covered in the end-to-end
DSF flow

26. SHORT LIST
The following standards were identified as providing a good basis for further proceed with alignments:
CENELEC EN 50491-11 Smart Metering
CENELEC EN 50631-1 (based on EEBus SPINE)
ETSI SAREF
ETSI SAREF4ENER
FAN EFI (input to CENELEC EN 50491-12-2)
IEC 61968-9 CIM for metering
IEC 61970 CIM
IEC 62056 COSEM
KNX specification (defined in CENELEC EN 50090)
oneM2M Base Ontology

27. ALIGNEMENTS
Among the short-listed standards, we identified the need for the following alignments:
ETSI SAREF/ SAREF4ENER with oneM2M Base Ontology
CENELEC EN 50491-11 data points with COSEM objects
KNX specification with SAREF/ SAREFENER (and KNX specification with EEBus SPINE via
SAREF4ENER)
FAN EFI and SAREF/ SAREF4ENER
IEC CIM with SAREF/ SARF4ENER

28. DEMO
A demonstrator (proof of concept) of interoperability for DSF will be shown at the
European Utility Week exhibition in Amsterdam on 3-5 October 2017
Demo based on the integration of SAREF with standards (from our short list) for Energy, Demand
Side Flexibility, Smart Meters, Smart Appliances and Machine to Machine (M2M) communications
Industry contributors to the demo are Vodafone, some meter manufacturers (providing smart
meters and a Head End System), Sierra Wireless (providing a gateway and oneM2M platform) and
smart appliances manufacturers from EEBus (e.g., Bosch/Siemens)

29. DEMO SET-UP

30. # baseURI: http://www.esmig.eu/resources/saref/examples/euw17demo
# imports: https://w3id.org/saref4ener
@prefix euw2017-demo: <http://
www.esmig.eu/resources/saref/examples/euw17demo#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix saref: <https://w3id.org/saref#> .
@prefix time: <http://www.w3.org/2006/time#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix euw17demo:
<http://www.esmig.eu/resources/saref/examples/euw17demo#> .
<http://www.esmig.eu/resources/saref/examples/euw17demo>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
owl:imports <https://w3id.org/saref4ener> ;
.
euw17demo:SmartMeter
rdf:type s4ener:Device ;
rdfs:label "Smart Meeter"^^xsd:string ;
saref:hasDescription "Kamstrup Smart Power Meter"^^xsd:string ;
.
euw17demo:Energy_1
rdf:type s4ener:Energy ;
rdfs:label "Energy 1"^^xsd:string ;
saref:relatesToMeasurement s4ener:Measurement_1 ;
saref:isMeasuredByDevice s4ener:SmartMeter;
.
SAREF4ENER IN THE DEMO
euw17demo:Power_1
rdf:type s4ener:Power ;
rdfs:label "Power 1"^^xsd:string ;
saref:isMeasuredByDevice s4ener: SmartMeter;
saref:relatesToMeasurement s4ener:Measurement_2 ;
.
euw17demo:Measurement_1
rdf:type saref:Measurement ;
rdfs:label "Measurement 1"^^xsd:string ;
saref:hasValue "0.2"^^xsd:string ;
saref:isMeasuredIn <http://www.wurvoc.org/vocabularies/om-
1.8/kilowatt_hour> ;
saref:relatesToProperty s4ener:Energy_1 ;
.
euw17demo:Measurement_2
rdf:type saref:Measurement ;
rdfs:label "Measurement 2"^^xsd:string ;
saref:hasValue "0.2"^^xsd:string ;
saref:isMeasuredIn <http://www.wurvoc.org/vocabularies/om-
1.8/kilowatt> ;
saref:relatesToProperty s4ener:Power_1 ;
.

31. CONCLUSIONS

32. CONCLUSIONS
Ultimate result of the DSF study will be a Final Study Report which will
contain the interim draft deliverables produced for the EC during the study
be updated with the feedback collected from the stakeholders during the workshop on the 19th of
June
be publicly available for the stakeholders at completion of the study (December 2017)
The demonstration of the DSF interoperability solution based on the short list will be shown at the
European Utility Week
see you in Amsterdam on 3-5 October 2017!

33. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
laura.daniele@tno.nl