Sedimentary Rocks Earth Science Lesson PowerPoint

4. -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn.

5. • RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. • BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

6. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Website Link:

32. • Which river is young and which is old?

50. Learn more about erosion and deposition at… http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamental s/10w.html

93. • Activity! Not Smart Board. – Arrange the terms into the correct order by moving them around. START END

96. • Activity! Not Smart Board. • Answer: START END

100. Usually horizontal

102. ?

105. • Activity! Sedimentary Rock Core – Please use the materials provided to core out a sample of the sedimentary structure.

106. • Activity! Sedimentary Rock Core – Please use the materials provided to core out a sample of the sedimentary structure. Pipes of Coring

107. • Activity! Sedimentary Rock Core – Please use the materials provided to core out a sample of the sedimentary structure. Pipes of Coring Bore Hole

108. • Activity! Sedimentary Rock Core – Please use the materials provided to core out a sample of the sedimentary structure. Pipes of Coring Bore Hole Rock Samples

109. • A Rock Core: A cylindrical section of rock that was drilled and contains a layered structure.

111. • A Rock Core: A cylindrical section of rock that was drilled and contains a layered structure. Oldest

112. • A Rock Core: A cylindrical section of rock that was drilled and contains a layered structure. Oldest Youngest

114. • Ice Cores can be drilled in the ice and each layer of ice tells about the climatic conditions of the past.

115. • Activity! Drilling a Rock Core. – Stack two hunks of Earth on top of each other. – Carefully rotate and push down half of a clear milkshake straw into the hunks of Earth in a rotating manner. – Once you’ve drilled through the whole sample, carefully remove the straw and lay it on its side. – Use the scissors to cut down the straw exposing the rock layers. – Draw the rock layers and process in your journal.

116. • Activity! Drilling a Rock Core. – Stack two hunks of Earth on top of each other. – Carefully rotate and push down half of a clear milkshake straw into the hunks of Earth in a rotating manner. – Once you’ve drilled through the whole sample, carefully remove the straw and lay it on its side. – Use the scissors to cut down the straw exposing the rock layers. – Draw the rock layers and process in your journal.

117. • Visual of Experiment.

119. • Visual of Experiment. Rotate and push down very slowly. A rock core can take days to weeks so don’t rush it.

122. • Visual of Experiment. Plan B if core does not work: Bite into and make a road cut.

123. • Example of “Rock Layers”

124. • Example of “Rock Layers” – Please draw a more accurate one in your journal.

125. • Example of “Rock Layers” – Please draw a more accurate one in your journal. – Which layers are the thickest?

126. • Example of “Rock Layers” – Please draw a more accurate one in your journal. – Which layers are the thickest? – Which layers are the thinnest?

127. • Example of “Rock Layers” – Please draw a more accurate one in your journal. – Which layers are the thickest? – Which layers are the thinnest? – Is there a layer which is unusual when compared to the rest?

128. • Example of “Rock Layers” – Please draw a more accurate one in your journal. – Which layers are the thickest? – Which layers are the thinnest? – Is there a layer which is unusual when compared to the rest? Learn more about rock cores at… http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Volcanoes/NZ- Research/Reading-rock-core-sampl

130. Youngest Layer

131. Youngest Layer Oldest Layer

132. Youngest Layer Oldest Layer Thickest Layer

133. Youngest Layer Oldest Layer Thickest Layer Thinnest Layer

134. Youngest Layer Oldest Layer Thickest Layer Thinnest Layer Unusual Layer Older Unusual Layer

135. Youngest Layer Oldest Layer Thickest Layer Thinnest Layer Unusual Layer Older Unusual Layer 8 Layers found in this sample

136. Youngest Layer Oldest Layer Thickest Layer Thinnest Layer Unusual Layer Older Unusual Layer 8 Layers found in this sample

137. • Where are these sedimentary rocks?

138. • Answer! Mars

147. The Big Idea that core samples tell us is…

149. Core samples let us look far into the past to see processes that are happening today.

152.  Sedimentary Rocks  Sediments are compacted and cemented together.  Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition.  Usually layered  Layers can be fossils and old living materials Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

159. • Which is a bogus statement about sedimentary rocks from the list below? A.) Sediments are gathered from cooling lava that forms crystals very quickly. B.) Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition. C.) Usually layered D.) Layers can be fossils and old living materials. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

160. • Which is a bogus statement about sedimentary rocks from the list below? A.) Sediments are gathered from cooling lava that forms crystals very quickly. B.) Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition. C.) Usually layered D.) Layers can be fossils and old living materials. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

161. • Which is a bogus statement about sedimentary rocks from the list below? A.) Sediments are gathered from from erosion, transport and deposition. B.) Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition. C.) Usually layered D.) Layers can be fossils and old living materials. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

164. • Which is a bogus statement about sedimentary rocks from the list below? A.) Sediments are gathered from erosion, transport and deposition. B.) Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition. C.) Layers must be horizontal. D.) Layers can be fossils and old living materials. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

165. • Which is a bogus statement about sedimentary rocks from the list below? A.) Sediments are gathered from erosion, transport and deposition. B.) Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition. C.) Layers must be horizontal. D.) Layers can be fossils and old living materials. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

166. • Which is a bogus statement about sedimentary rocks from the list below? A.) Sediments are gathered from erosion, transport and deposition. B.) Caused by weathering, erosion, and deposition. C.) Usually layered. D.) Layers can be fossils and old living materials. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

171. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind. – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms.

175. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Gravel Conglomerate

176. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Gravel Conglomerate

177. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind. – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Gravel Conglomerate

180. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind. – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Gravel Conglomerate Cemented Shells, Limestone can also form from dissolved minerals

182. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind. – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Gravel Conglomerate Cemented Shells,

183. • The 3 types of Sedimentary Rocks – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind. – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Gravel Conglomerate Cemented Shells, Limestone can also form from dissolved minerals Tavertine

185. • Which Sedimentary Rock is which? – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind

186. • Which Sedimentary Rock is which? – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms.

194. • Which Sedimentary Rock is which? – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. Sometimes Chemical

196. • Which Sedimentary Rock is which? – Clastic: Small pieces of rock are “lithified” or cemented together. – Chemical: Standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind. – Organic: The accumulation of debris by living organisms. A B

215. • Please mention three things about this rock.

216. • Please mention three things about this rock in one sentence.

229. • Activity! Making Conglomerate or Sandstone – Add glue to inside of plastic cup, 1/5 at bottom. – Take Sand (sandstone), Pebbles, and other chunks from the bin (Conglomerate). – Add materials, sand, gravel, stir, and then compact. – Place at window to dry and remove from cup in several days. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Glue

230. • Activity! Making Conglomerate or Sandstone – Add glue to inside of plastic cup, 1/5 at bottom. – Take Sand (sandstone), Pebbles, and other chunks from the bin (Conglomerate). – Add materials, sand, gravel, stir, and then compact. – Place at window to dry and remove from cup in several days. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Glue

231. • Activity! Making Conglomerate or Sandstone – Add glue to inside of plastic cup, 1/5 at bottom. – Take Sand (sandstone), Pebbles, and other chunks from the bin (Conglomerate). – Add materials, sand, gravel, stir, and then compact. – Place at window to dry and remove from cup in several days. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Glue Until completely Dry and hardened

232. • Activity! Making Conglomerate or Sandstone – Add glue to inside of plastic cup, 1/5 at bottom. – Take Sand (sandstone), Pebbles, and other chunks from the bin (Conglomerate). – Add materials, sand, gravel, stir, and then compact. – Place at window to dry and remove from cup in several days. Cementing / Lithification Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Glue Until completely Dry and hardened

235. • Limestone is a sedimentary rock made up of calcite (CaCO3) as its main mineral. – Some Limestones are formed by chemical deposition and others by the accumulation of shells from small sea creatures. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

236. • Limestone is a sedimentary rock made up of calcite (CaCO3) as its main mineral. – Some Limestone is formed by chemical deposition and others by the accumulation of shells from small sea creatures. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

242. • Geologist will often carry hydrochloric acid to use on rocks. – Hydrochloric acid (HCL) reacts with calcium carbonate. CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 (g)

243. • Demonstration (Optional) – Teacher will drop some HCL on two different rocks. Which one was limestone? Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBTasvLEsJ8

254. Chalk is made from the shells of single-celled, calcium carbonate secreting creatures from long ago.

268. • Shale forms from very small grained particles and organic matter forming rock.

269. • Oil Shale, know as Kerogen Shale – Has lots of organic matter that can be extracted as oils and gases (hydrocarbons) Learn more about oil shale at http://geology.com/usgs/oil-shale/

270. • Oil Shale, know as Kerogen Shale – Has lots of organic matter that can be extracted as oils and gases (hydrocarbons) Learn more about oil shale at http://geology.com/usgs/oil-shale/

271. • Burgess Shale (Paleozoic).

274. • Activity! Making a fossil in the Burgess Shale. – Obtain a piece of clay. – Smooth it out so it is long and flat. – Press shells into it to make fossil imprints. – Pass to friend and record shapes in journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

275. • Cool animation of a fossil specimen (Anomalocaris) found in shale. (3 feet long!)

284. The Burgess Shale shows us that the earth is…

285. The earth is old and life forms have changed over time.

297. • Picture of Conglomerate from Mars. – Evidence of water / stream beds / mud.

379. • This part of the PowerPoint roadmap is just one small part of my Geology Topics Unit. This unit includes… • A six part 6,000 Slide PowerPoint Presentation / unit roadmap full of activities, review questions, games, video links, flashcards, materials list, and much more. • A 18 bundled homework package, modified version, 19 pages of unit notes, 6 PowerPoint Review Games of 100+ slides each, videos, rubrics, and much more that all chronologically follow the unit slideshow. • This is a fantastic unit for any Earth Science Class. • http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html

381. Areas of Focus within The Geology Topics Unit: -Areas of Focus within The Geology Topics Unit: Plate Tectonics, Evidence for Plate Tectonics, Pangea, Energy Waves, Layers of the Earth, Heat Transfer, Types of Crust, Plate Boundaries, Hot Spots, Volcanoes, Positives and Negatives of Volcanoes, Types of Volcanoes, Parts of a Volcano, Magma, Types of Lava, Viscosity, Earthquakes, Faults, Folds, Seismograph, Richter Scale, Seismograph, Tsunami’s, Rocks, Minerals, Crystals, Uses of Minerals, Types of Crystals, Physical Properties of Minerals, Rock Cycle, Common Igneous Rocks, Common Sedimentary Rocks, Common Metamorphic Rocks., Age of the Earth, Uniformitarianism, Principle of Superposition, Earth History, Time Units, Timeline of Events, Basic Evolution, Mass Extinction Events, Dinosaurs, Early Mammals, and more. Full Unit can be found at… http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html

388. • This was a very brief tour. Please visit the links below to learn more about each of the units in this curriculum package. – These units take me about four years to complete with my students in grades 5-10. Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html = Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult 5th – 7th grade 6th – 8th grade 8th – 10th grade

389. Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods. html Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Human Body / Health Topics http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

390. • More Units Available at… Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The Rivers and Water Quality Unit, The Water Molecule Unit. Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and Science Skills Unit. Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and The Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

391. • The entire four year curriculum can be found at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thank you for your interest in this curriculum. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

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