The document discusses the lecture-cum-demonstration method of teaching. It involves both lecturing to convey concepts and demonstrating experiments or activities to enhance understanding. The key steps are planning objectives and materials, introducing the lesson, presenting content through demonstration while asking questions, and summarizing on the blackboard. Demonstration makes the content more concrete and engaging for students compared to only lectures. However, it also has limitations like not ensuring all students can practice skills. Tutorial teaching is then described as a follow up method for providing individualized instruction to address student difficulties through small group discussions and assignments.
5. LECTURE METHOD
Traditional method
Chalk and talk method
Teacher centered
method
Teacher is active and
learners are passive
One way
communication
Easy to use in large
group
Save time and money
6. DEMOSTRATION
METHOD
Doing method
Pre plan
Learner can see and hear
More sense organs involve
Easy to understand
Develop psychomotor and
Cognitve domain
Lead experiences from
concrete to abstract
9. PURPOSE OF LECTURE
-CUM –
DEMONSTRATION METHOD
Gaining learning
Problem solving
Verify the facts
Develop scientific skill
10. STEPS
(A)PLANNING
Identifies the concepts to be explained
Formulate objectives
Rehearsal of the experiment
Questions framing
Collection and arrangement of materials
11. Introduces the lesson by motivating the
students
Students personal experiences or real life
situations
Students environment
Telling story
Simple and interesting experiment
(B) INTRODUCTION OF THE
LESSON
12. Consideration the interest of students
While demonstration questions should be
asked which help the students to understand
Provide illustration (explanation)
Language should be clear and simple
All material related to demonstration should be
clean
All material should not be display at once
Demonstration would be clearly visible to all
learner
(C) PRESENTATION OF THE CONTENT
14. T I P S D U R I N GD E M
O S T RAT I O N
Know your
audience
Set yours
objective
Be
organize
d
Follow
safety
preventio
n
Plan your preparation time
Class room arrangement
15. MERITS
Save money and time
Useful for all students of varying ability (different)
Provide more information in less time
Leads the students from concrete experiences to abstract concept
Active students
Trained mental facilities
16. DEMERITS
Lack of opportunity for practical ability
Learners only observe the demonstration
Instructor may follow their own pace (speed)
while demonstration
Not possible to teach all topic
17.
18. Tutorial Teaching Method
• Tutorial teaching method is follow up
study of lectures. It is highly
individualized remedial teaching.
1) The student prepares an essay
2) The assignment is submitted
before/after the tutorial
3) The assignment is graded
4)Presentation of the essay by the
student, followed up by discussion
5)Informal atmosphere
6) No content delivery by the tutor
7) Small group and personal
interaction
19. Principle
To provide remedial help for the learners and
develop their cognitive and affective domains of
behaviors.
This strategy is based on following principles:
1. Principle of individual differences
2. Remedial teaching
20. STEPS
• If talk about its structure, involves the following steps:
1. Diagnosis: After delivering the lecture in the general
class, the teacher tries to find out those students who
have some problems in understanding the content.
These students are divided into particular groups on
the basis of similar problems.
2. Prescription: The teacher tries to generate teaching
relating to the needs, abilities and capabilities of teach
group of students. These classes are known as tutorial
classes.
3. Follow-up: The teacher tried to evaluate his teaching in
terms of learning outcomes of the learner.
21. Tutorial types:
1.Supervision tutorials:
The teacher select those student who are above
average intelligence.
Teacher assigns a problem to the student and he is
asked to present a paper on this problem.
The teacher observes and supervises his paper
presentation.
These audience may put questions and he has to
answer them.
2.Group Tutorials:
These steps of tutorials are arranged for students
of low intelligence. Those students who have
difficulties in classroom teaching, are grouped together
on the basis of nature of the problem.
Teacher provides them remedial teaching .
22. Designing Tutorial Sessions
Developing learning outcomes of tutorial sessions
Aligning theory sessions with tutorials
Working out tutorial activities
Aligning learning outcomes with tutorial activities
Mapping out learning outcomes and assessment activities
Crafting strategies for the learning of each student
Using ICT for tutorials
23. Tutorial
Activities Solving problems
Discussing different perspectives
Asking questions
Answering questions
Working out different approaches to
problems
Engaging students in debates
Feedback on student work
24. Characteristics of Effective Tutors
Facilitators of tutorial activities
Designer of problems/exercises and assignments
Moderator of group discussion
Architect of collaborative learning
Provider of SMART feedback
User of ICT to supplement tutorial activities
Empathetic and supportive
25.
26. DEMERITS
It is very difficult for the tutor to solve the
problems of each student and in each and every
subject.
The schedule allotted for teaching is so tight that
remedial teaching is not possible to teach every
step.
Feeling of jealousy inculcates in the tutorial
groups.
Even in tutorial groups, equal opportunities are not
provided to all the students.
Teacher, sometimes lack interest towards all the
group members.