This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
The Style Change
1. The Style Change
End of the Period: Elvis in Army, Jerry Lee
13 yr. Old Wife Problems, Little Richard
Got Religion, Chuck Berry Legal Problems,
Buddy Holly & Eddie Cochran Dead
? Styles Would Have Changed Anyway?
New Recordmen Replaced the Old
2. Style Change
New Guys: Dick Clark, Leiber & Stoller,
Phil Spector, Brill Building Writers
Birth of “Top 40” Radio
Todd Stortz KOWH (Omaha) 1951
Chart Placement Rather than DJ Taste
3. Payola
DJs Accepting Money to Play Certain
Records
Old Practice to Generate Higher Sales
History (1863 “Tenting”; 1892 “After”
Alan Freed Got A Cut of the Publishing of
“Maybellene”
4. Payola
1959 A House Sub Committee Began
Investigating Payola (After the Quiz Show
Hearings)
Why? The Old ASCAP - BMI Dispute
OR, Afraid of Rock and Roll
Findings: 335 DJs Had Received $263,245
Alan Freed Lost His Job
5. Payola & Dick Clark
Dick Clark Did Not Take Payola, But He
Owned 160 Copyrights, Parts of Swan &
Jamie Records, Publishing Companies,
Pressing Plants, Distribution Company.
He Said “no amount of airplay can turn a
stiff into a hit”
6. Brill Building Pop
The Teen Songwriting/Publishing was
Centered in the Brill Building, 1619
Broadway (165 music businesses)
Aldon Publishing, 200 hits
Aldon Writers: Goffin/King
Sedaka/Greenfield, Mann/Weill,
Greenwich/Barry
7. American Bandstand: Teen Idols
Effect of Television in Selling Teen/Rock,
Ozzie & Harriet Show, Mickey Mouse
Club, Donna Reed Show.
American Bandstand Started 1952, Dick
Clark Became Host 1956, ABC in 1957
1959 20 Million Viewers, 101 Stations
10. Bandstand Teen Idols
Frankie Avalon (Francis Avallone) 1st of
the Bandstand Idols
Series of Hits (“Venus”)
Beach Movies with Annette Funicello
(Mickey Mouse Club): Beach Party, Bikini
Beach, Muscle Beach Party, Beach Blanket
Bingo, How To Stuff a Wild Bikini
13. Teen Idol: Fabian
Pretty Face, Not a
Good Singer
Clark Said the Girls
Went Wild
“Tiger”
14. Teen Idol: Dion
Dion & the
Belmonts
“Why Must I be
A Teenager in
Love”
15. Teen Idol: Neil Sedaka
Talented Song
Writer
Scholarship to
Julliard
“Oh Carol”
16. Bandstand & Dance Craze
Series of Dances with Their Own Songs
Dick Clark Alerted Recordmen to Dances
Needing a Song
1st was The Bop
The Stroll
17. Dance Craze
Dances Songs: Usually Gave Instructions,
12 Bar Blues or I-vi-IV-V,
The Twist, Saw Kids Doing Dance, Asked
For a Dance Record, Hired Chubby
Checker (Ernest Evans)
Other Checker Dances: Pony Time,
The Fly, Limbo Rock
19. Girls Groups
Theme: Finding self worth through A
Boyfriend
The Angels “My Boyfriends Back”
George Shadow Morton Produced groups
Shangri-Las “Leader of the Pack” “I
Remember Walkin’ in the Sand”
20. Girl Groups
Leslie Gore, a touch of feminist
“Its My Party”
“You Don’t Own Me”
21. Phil Spector
Boy Genius or Crazed Madman?
1958 bought studio time and produced “To
Know Him is to Love Him”
Involved with local community, Lieber &
Stoller, Lester Sill, Lee Hazlewood
1960 Went to NY to work with Leiber &
Stoller
22. Phil Spector
Leiber & Stoller Producing The Drifters &
Developing a Unique Sound: triangles,
castanets, guiro, Latin Percussion
“On Broadway”
Played Guitar Solo
“Under The Boardwalk
“Save The Last Dance For Me”
23. Phil Spector
1961 Formed Philles Records w/Sill
Produced 20 Consecutive Hits
Developed “Wall of Sound” Technique
Recording multiple groups of homogenous
instruments playing the same part. Then
rerecording them while studio speakers
played
24. Phil Spector
Crystals
“Uptown”
He’s A Rebel”
“Then He Kissed Me”
Each Hit Escalated the “Wall”
25. Phil Spector
Rightous Brothers
“You’ve Lost That Lovin’ Feeling” the high
point in the Wall of Sound technique.
He Floundered with “River Deep Mountain
High” and went into seclusion
26. Phil Spector & Beatles
He Flew into NY with them in 1964
When Beatles were breaking up he was
brought in to fix the “Let It Be” session
tapes.
Worked on early Beatle Solo projects with
George and John.
