Presentation from the EPRI-Sandia Symposium on Secure and Resilient Microgrids: CSEISMIC: An Open-source Microgrid Controller, presented by Ben Ollis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Baltimore, MD, August 29-31, 2016.

1. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle
for the US Department of Energy
CSEISMIC: An Open-
source Microgrid
Controller
Ben Ollis
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Symposium on Secure &
Resilient Microgrids

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Microgrid key goals
2
• Improve utility reliability metrics (SAIFI, CAIDI)
Reliable
• Able to handle a wide variety of operating points while maintaining stability
Resilient
• Bring devices in and out of service quickly and simply
Flexible
• Baked-in protection for intelligent endpoint devices
Secure
• Customer shouldn’t even know the microgrid is there
Seamless

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Distributed Control and Systems
Microgrid
Nanogrid
Microgrid
<10MW
Nanogrid
<50kW
Utility
*definitions do vary, just a provided reference. Sercan Teleke, Nanogrids with Energy Storage for Future Electricity
Grids, 2014. Online at: http://www.ieee-pes.org/presentations/td2014/td2014p-000083.pdf

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CSEISMIC
• Complete System-Level Efficient and Interoperable
Solution for Microgrid Integrated Controls
• CSEISMIC is a LabVIEW-based open-source microgrid
control software
• Basic Functions Demonstrated by CSEISMIC
– Grid Connected and Islanded Operation
– Islanding Transition
– Resynchronization and Reconnection
– Energy Management
– Ancillary Services
• CSEISMIC includes device controls such as generation and microgrid
switch controls (PCC)

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CSEISMIC Architecture

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HIL Integration of Devices and Master
Controller
The microgrid circuit model in RTDS
has been constructed based on the
DECC microgrid at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
• Energy storage system
• PV system
• Inverter-based generator system
• Variable load
Microgrid master controller consisting
of an EMS and SCADA and IED
controllers are implemented in
hardware.

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Energy Storage Controller
RTDS
NI CompactRIO 9030
Analog I/O
Modulation Signals
Voltage and Current Signals
ES System Modeling in RTDS
Pref
Qref
Inverter output
voltage +
-
Idref
+
Iqref -
PI
PI
dd
dqInverter output
current
+
+
+
Current reference
calculator
va
vc
abc
dqvb
vd vq
ia
ic
abc
dqib ωL
iq
id
+
-
+
+
abc
dq
dc
db
da+θ
θ
θ
Ir_max
-Ir_max
Ia_max
2ωLiq/Vdc
2vd/Vdc
2ωLid/Vdc
2vq/Vdc
-Ia_max

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Energy Storage Controller
Energy Storage Controller
1) Utilizes multiple states and control modes
2) Able to transition quickly from different control modes upon request
3) Supports unintentional islanding and resychronization through
transition from P/Q to V/f and V/f to P/Q.

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Testing Results
• Test results of islanding and resynchronization are
provided to show the interactions among device
level controllers and the master controller.
• Intentional islanding
Voltage and current waveforms at PCC
Voltage and current waveforms of ES

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Lab Microgrid Testing Implementation
• On the 480V/208V 3-phase system, the current available
generation assets include: a 50kW 3-phase PV system with
75kVA inverter, a 65kW microturbine, and two 100kW
inverters connected to 150kW DC supplies.
• In the current microgrid implementation only the PV system
and a single inverter are utilized as controllable resources.

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Intentional Islanding Test Results
Communication
delay
Switch Opens
Voltage & Current from generator during
islanding
P & Q from generator during islanding Voltage and Current at the microgrid
switch

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Resynchronization Results
Voltage and Current at the microgrid switch
Voltage and Current from generator during
resynchronization

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CSEISMIC 2.0
• New communications architecture Data Distribution Service (DDS -
publish/subscribe) provides peer to peer communications
• New class based architecture to clearly define device types and data
types with communications provide pathway to device self-discovery.
• User interface now includes menus, but less need for direct information
from user (more autonomous)
• All configuration is available through the application (which creates .ini
files directly)
• Plug and play of new optimization, forecasting, and visualization.
• New distributed optimization and functionality

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Distributed Communications and Control (DDS)
Subscribe
Publish
Publish
Publish
Controller
Subscribe
Subscribe
Subscribe

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Advanced Manufacturing and
Integrated Systems (AMIE)
Secondary Use Energy
Storage System
Advanced 3D Printed
Building
Advanced 3D Printed
Vehicle
Solar
Rooftop
HVAC
Wireless
charging/discharging of
vehicle
sub-metering
LDRD project to demonstrate ORNL capabilities

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Demonstration of Inoperability and
Flexibility
16
• Communications across
multiple device types
and systems (Load, PV,
ES, Metering)
• Demonstrated ability to
interlink different
communication
protocols
(Modbus/JSON) through
software
• Demonstrated direct
communication through
hardware.

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Current Projects
• GMLC 1.3.4 Industrial Microgrid Design and Analysis – UPS
– HIL simulation of microgrid performance with controller
• Advanced Manufactured Integrated Energy (AMIE) – ORNL
– Demonstrated controller function on the nanogrid scale
• Connected Communities – Southern Company
– Field deployment of controller at 2 sites
• Georgia Power
• Alabama Power