The document discusses service engineering as a new paradigm for designing services rather than material products. It proposes representing services using three sub-models: a flow model depicting relationships between service agents, a view model representing how receiver state parameters are evaluated, and a scope model handling multiple view models. The authors developed a computer-aided design tool called Service Explorer to model services. Service engineering aims to design services defined as activities that change a receiver's state, with the goal of increasing consumer satisfaction over material consumption.

1. Life cycle engineering, Service Engineering RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ Samuel
A Tool for Service Engineering, Evaluation and Quantification
Abstract
This report is about the life cycle engineering, have been studied 2 scientific papers
on service engineering, this method supports both the representation of services
and their design. First, we begin by a summary of the main scientific points of the 2
texts and then a review on the proposed model in the texts, and finally study of the
service assessment techniques proposed in the text.
Summary
To solve current industrial problems, manufacturers need to supply service rather than materialized
products to consumers. We propose a novel engineering paradigm to deal with services, service
engineering. We define services as a state change. A service model consists of three sub-models:
scope model, view model and flow model. A computer-aided design tool, called Service Explorer, is
developed to represent a network of the parameters and determines the influence weight one
another.
We should reduce the production and consumption volume of artifacts to an adequate, manageable
size to solve environmental problems although we do not want to make our quality of life lower than
now. Consequently, we must aim at qualitative satisfaction rather than quantitative sufficiency, and
thus the decoupling of economic growth from material and energy consumption. A service is defined
as an activity that changes the state of a service receiver, a provider causes, usually with
consideration, a receiver to change from a state to a new state that the receiver desires, where both
contents and a channel are means to realize the service.
The design of a service is also a search for both physical and non-physical structure, but it differs
from the conventional design in terms of evaluation. The design of a service is based on the degree
of satisfaction with the state change of the receiver. Therefore, it is necessary to express state
changes by means of the received contents.
Thus we introduced three kinds of sub-models using the above-mentioned parameters in order to
represent a whole functional service structure: (a) flow model, (b) view model and (c) scope model.
Flow model. When we focus on the relationship between a receiver and a provider, many
intermediate agents exist among them. In this research, we call the sequential chain of both
contents and channels 'a flow model of a service'.
View model. Receiver state parameters (RSPs) change according to how the receiver evaluates
subjectively the received contents. A single RSP may consist of several CoPs because the receiver
evaluates the contents
Scope model. In comparison to the view model in which a single RSP is expressed, the scope
model can deal with all RSPs within the providers and the receivers. In other words, a scope model
handles multiple view models, namely multiple RSPs. Thus, it helps designers to understand the
real activities between the two.
We have developed a prototype system of a computer aided modeling tool for service design, which
is called Service Explorer. Designers can describe services, and register them in a database. To
model services on the Service Explorer, we register services in the database as scope models, and
edit, evaluate, search the services through these scope models. A typical procedure is as follows:
• Define various RSPs and then express each view model of RSP respectively.
• Generate a scope model by means of binding multiple view models of a receiver and of selecting
their initial providers.
• Edit function parameters in each view model, and change the arcs between function units.
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2. Life cycle engineering, Service Engineering RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ Samuel
To develop services effectively and efficiently, a computer-aided design system for service is
essential. The authors have proposed a prototype system of Service CAD called ‘Service Explorer’.
Values of services are evaluated privately and subjectively by consumers. The role of service has
been expanding in our modern society. The authors proposed a methodology on service design
‘Service Engineering’. The purpose of the study is to make consumers more satisfied with high
quality contents rather than with much material and energy consumption.
Service Engineering aims at design methodology of services, which is defined as ‘an activity by a
service provider to change the states of a service receiver’. A service is considered as delivery of
‘service contents’ with ‘service channels’. Service contents are material, energy, or information,
which change the receiver’s state directly. Service channels transfer, amplify, and control service
contents.
Parameters representing the states of service contents are called ‘Content Parameters (CoPs).’ In
the same way, those of service channels are ‘Channel Parameters (ChPs).’ The parameters have
mutual relationships.
The purpose of Service Engineering is to have a technological design tool on services. A method
has been proposed by authors. To determine the importance of each parameter, a designer
determines weight on each parameter with QFD (Quality Function Deployment).
The authors have implemented ‘Service Explorer’ since 2002. It has been implemented with JAVA
SDK ver.1.4.0 and XML version 1.0, thus it has very high portability. Its executable file is
approximately 2MB in size and can run on Windows 98/2000/XP and Macintosh OS X environment
with at least 64 MB RAM.
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3. Life cycle engineering, Service Engineering RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ Samuel
Service Modelling Proposed
Presenting the way of modeling a service is necessary bear in mind that a service is a model of
scope and that it consists of the following elements: (a) the service provider and receiver, (b) a set
of PSR (state parameters receptor) receptor, (c) the structure and function.
Within the modeling of a service we have three types of sub-models, these are:
a) Flow model, represents a stream of services, which may consist of content and channels, agents
have intermediate features double of a receiver and a provider, "an intermediate."
b) View model, represents the relationship between the PSR (receiver state parameters ), and ChPs (
channels parameters ) from the viewpoints of their duties. In this model, relationships are visually
depicted in a tree structure. Well structured according to the parameters expected by the receiver
directly without intermediaries
c) Scope model, compared to the view model in which a PSR is expressed a driving range model
view various models, namely multiple RSPs. Therefore, it helps designers to understand the actual
activities between the two.
As a computer support for modeling services has developed a very efficient software, this is a
prototype of a modeling tool for computer aided design services, called Service Explorer. "
Designers can describe the services and register in a database.
Using these models, we can deploy highly complex and subjective service as a chain of service
agents, and represents the structure of the performance of service as a functional structure.
One possible proposal to initiate a service can be modeled with the following structure:
1) Select Service agents and express their functions.
2) Determine the weight of all the agents and their PSR.
3) Generate a QFD matrix of this service.
4) Search for design solutions that can enhance the current service.
During the modeling phase of a service is possible to understand this as the search for physical and
nonphysical structure for the service to find the desired function. The design of a service is based
on the degree of satisfaction and the change of state of the receiver. Therefore, it is necessary to
express the state changes through the service received.
In this short report on service modeling can be understood clearly that there are different forms of
modeling, the choice of one of these will always depend on the service in question, since there may
be services that require the modeling of flow model and others who demand either view model or
scope model, and will always be helpful to use a computer-aided software, in this case, the
proposed "Service Explorer". The modeling of a service is the first step for engineering services. As
an industrial engineer is very necessary to know and deal with a service address through structures
that allow us to know perfectly understand and analyze the content of the service in order to
introduce some improvement to achieve efficiency in this. I believe that engineering services is
much more complex than what occurred in these two articles, but is a base to start understanding.
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4. Life cycle engineering, Service Engineering RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ Samuel
Service Assessment Techniques
The aim of engineering service is of having an instrument of technological design on services. The
evaluation on services, therefore, is the most important key problem.
A method has been proposed by the authors, this one treats himself about a system prototype of
service of so called CAD " Service Explorer ", is used so much in the phase of modeling like in the
evaluation of services. Here the values of the services are evaluated private road and subjectively.
To determine the importance of every parameter, a designer determines the weight of every
parameter with QFD (Quality Function Deployment). The options of improvement of a service can
be obtained by the decomposition of the importance of every RSP. Every RSP with the support of
several components. The method AHP (analytical hierarchic Process) and the method DEMATEL
use to determine the importance of the components of each one.
This owes, to that they are powerful methods of quantification of the subjective factors. The
procedure of the evaluation is the following one:
1) All the recipients that appear in a model of flow are weighted from the point of view of the
supplier by AHP.
2) In the following hierarchy, the PSR of every recipient are weighted also by AHP.
3) The weight of every RSP divides between the parameters of his function of frame, that is to say,
CoPs and cogeneration, with DEMATEL.
4) The counterfoil of correlation in QFD is generated between RSPs and FPs for every receptor that
uses the weight of both RSPs and FPs.
5) The Importance of the punctuations for the whole FPs of all the recipients they are discussed as
the product of sum of the vector I weigh and the relation of the vector forces.
Till now we have explained the form of evaluation of a service and can observe that to achieve a
more efficient evaluation of a service, a software is very necessary even essentially, for it in this
article, one has proposed the utilization of a system of computer-aided design, treats itself about a
system prototype of service " Service Explorer ". His principal function is “the evaluation of the
values of the services on the part of the consumers”. This way, several methodologies of design
have been introduced to reach a major field of comprehension as for example QFD (Quality
Function Deployment) and AHP (Analytical Hierarchic Process) with it achieves the evaluation of
the satisfaction of the client. In spite of the fact that it is one of the systems that according to the
author is very effective and manageable, will be necessary to stress that as any system, it does not
generate for if only the automatic awaited results, if not that must interfere coherent and logical
information.
Then we understand that for the evaluation of services and to give him a major efficiency and
efficiency to the method of evaluation, software is necessary represented by computer which allows
doing the much more advanced evaluation.
With Explorer the users can analyze and evaluate components of the service, and with it, the same
user will be able to propose different plans to accede to the improvement of a service.
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