1. My Tools
Use the activity form provided for you to document your observations.
An Observation Guide for the Learners’ Characteristics
Read the following statements carefully. Then write your observation report on
the provided space. Your teacher may also recommend another observation check-list
if a more detailed observation is preferred.
Physical
1. Observe their gross motor skills. How they carry themselves. How they move, walk,
run, go up the stairs, etc.
2. Are gross movements clumsy or deliberate/smooth?
3. How about their fine motor skills? Writing, drawing, etc.
Social
1. Describe how they interact with teachers and other adults.
2. Note how they also interact with peers. What do they talk about? What are their
concerns?
Emotional
1. Describe the emotional disposition or temperament of the learners. (happy, sad,
easily cries, mood-shifts)
2. How do they express their wants/needs? Can they wait?
3. How do they handle frustrations?
4. Describe their level of confidence as shown in their behavior. Are they self-
conscious?
Cognitive
1. Describe their ability to use words to communicate their ideas. Note their
language proficiency.
2. Describe how they figure out things. Do they comprehend easily? Look for
evidence of their thinking skills.
3. Were there opportunities for problem solving? Describe how did they show
problem solving abilities.

2. Learners’ Development Matrix
Record the data you gathered about the learners’ characteristics and needs in
this matrix. This will allow you to compare the characteristics and needs of learners at
different levels. The items under each domain are by no means exhaustive. These are
just sample indicators. You may add other aspects which you may have observed.
Development Domain Preschooler
Indicate age range
of children observed
Elementary
Indicate age range of
children observed
High School
Indicate age range of
children observed
Physical
Gross-motor skills
Fine-motor skills
Self-help skills
Others
- The child loves
to move around
- He is still
learning how to
write.
- He needs to be
guided.
- He loves to play
a lot.
- He loves to draw
different shapes.
- He can
sometimes help
himself.
- She already
knows how to
dance.
- She knows how
to write poems,
letters essays,
stories, etc.
- She’s doing all
things by himelf.
Social
Interaction with Teachers
Interaction With
Classmates/friends
Interests
Others
- He is still
adapting to the
new
environment.
- He interact with
his classmates
and play with
them
- He is confident in
the class and
she’s doing
good.
- He is friendly and
approachable.
He loves to
mingle with
others.
- She is
competitive in
the class. She
loves to talk with
his teacher.
- She has many
friends because
she is friendly.
Emotional Moods and
temperament, expression of
feelings
Emotional independence
Others
- His mood is
changing. He
easily cries if he’s
sad or upset.
- He shows what he
feels by saying it
to his mom. He still
can’t control his
emotions.
- He is moody. If he’s
sad, he’s quiet but
if he’s happy, he’s
active.
- He needs discipline
because he can’t
control his
emotions.
- She get’s easily
annoyed if
someone teases
her.
- She already knows
how to manage
her
emotions/feelings.
Cognitive
Communication Skills
Thinking skills
Problem-solving
Others
- He is trying to
communicate
well with his
peers.
- He can’t
comprehend
easily and have
a hard time
doing problem-
solving.
- He can
communicate
already but not
so good.
- He thinks fast
sometimes and
sometimes he’s
not.
- She is friendly to
everyone and
really
communicates
well.
- She thinks very
well and loves
problem-solving.

3. My Analysis
Write the most salient developmental characteristics of the learners you observed.
Based on these characteristics, think of implications for the teacher.
Example:
Level Salient Characteristics
Observed
Implications to the Teaching-
Learning Process
Preschool
Age range of Learners
Observed
 Preschoolers like to
move around a lot
 Therefore, the teacher
should remember to
use music and
movement activities
not just in PE but in all
subject areas.
 Therefore, teachers
should not expect
preschoolers to stay
seated for a long
period of time
.
Level Salient Characteristics
Observed
Implications to the Teaching-
Learning Process
Preschool
Age range of Learners
Observed
 Preschoolers always
want to play
 Therefore, the teacher
should not only focus on
teaching academically
but also he/she must
give time for playing.
 Therefore, teachers
should train preschoolers
to have confidence in
the class.
Elementary
Age range of Learners
Observed
 Kids love to have some
time playing sports such
as basketball.
 Therefore, teachers must
help in promoting the
value of playing sports to
the students.
High School
Age range of Learners
Observed
 High school students like
to talk and mingle with
others.
 Therefore, teachers
should remember to
have some activities that
will help the students in
socializing with others.

4. My Reflections
1. While you were observing the learners, did you recall your own experiences
when you were their age? What similarities or differences do you have with the
learners you observed?
While I’m observing the learners, I remembered those days when I was at their
age. There’s a lot of similarities and differences I remembered. The similarities are
playing with my classmates, sometimes not listening to the teacher, running inside
the classroom, etc. The difference is when I was a child, when I got warned by the
teacher, I immediately behave unlike the kids nowadays who are so stubborn and
not listening to what their teachers says.
2. Think of a teacher you cannot forget for positive or negative reasons. How did
she/he help or not help you with your needs (physical, emotional, social, and
cognitive)? How did it affect you?
The teacher that I cannot forget is my teacher in EP when I was still in my first year
high school. I cannot forget her because of the grade she gave to me in second
grading. I don’t know why she gave me that grade. I’m really disappointed that
time. It’s the first failing grade I get since elementary. It really affects me emotionally
and socially, socially because after the releasing of grades, I didn’t anymore join
any barkadas’ and be always alone instead.
3. Share your other insights here.
Children are still developing and constructing knowledge so in terms of teaching,
we should discuss topics that are relevant or appropriate to their cognitive level.
Learners must not force to perform tasks that are beyond their current cognitive
capabilities. This learning will be applied to my teaching profession someday in
facilitating learning of the children soon I will become a teacher.

5. My Portfolio
Which is your favorite theory of development? How can this guide you as a future
teacher?
Clip some readings about this theory and paste them here.
Erik Erikson’s Theory : Psychosocial Development
I choose Erikson’s theory because it is indeed true that personality is
determined by experiences during childhood and adulthood. Development has
a series or stages where it is determined by crisis. As a person grows up, she/she
will acquire and construct knowledge and different characteristics that fit on
his/her age depending on the stage he/she belongs.