Lecture of Russian and US Spying during the Cold War. What it meant to live behind the Berlin Wall and the Iron Curtain. The strategic importance of East Berlin and Check Point Charlie. Discussion of things denied and forbidden behind the Iron Curtain. Discussion of most famous spies and damage they caused.

1. Cold War – Class 3 – Berlin – Eastern Europe KGB VS CIA – Spies and Spying Joe Boisvert Fall 2011 and Spring 2012

2. Soviet Union Caused Terror and Fear Behind Iron Curtain KGB

3. Behind the Iron Curtain Including Berlin

4. The Berlin Wall Being Built

5. Check Point Charlie Sight of Many Close Confrontations during 28 Years Wall was in place

6. The Wall is 96 miles long The Wall was in place for 28 years Note: Before the wall was put in place dividing east from west Berlin one east German was escaping to the west every three minutes. This was causing a brain drain and a labor shortages in the east and the Wall was their solution to keep the people in the Eastern Zones of East Berlin. Facts About the Wall

7. Very few people escaped by climbing the wall. It was well protected by 90,000 soldiers and agents. There was a separate concrete wall on both sides of the border with 60 to 90 yards of dead man land separating the two walls. The area between the walls wee patrolled by dogs, guards, and over looked by watch towers. The inter-core had man traps, barbed wires, search lights, and sand areas where footsteps could be observed. Facts About the Berlin Wall

8. The East Germans Never Lost Their Will and Continued to try and Escape for 28 Years- Ways to Escape Hiding in convoy trucks, in cars under the floorboards and in trunks under boxes. There were attempts and some successes in flying over the wall. The most frequent method to escape was to bore a tunnel from a cellar in the east to a cellar in the west. The biggest problem was informers. It was estimated that their were over 900,000 informers at any one time

9. American Music British Music especially the Beatles Peace – Freedom and Love Hippie Posters American Propaganda or the Truth Voice of America Western Papers and Books Western Movies and TV Things Forbidden in Eastern Europe

10. Against the Law in East Berlin

11. Voice of America Voice of America Broadcast the Truth Via the Radio Waves Behind the Iron Curtain

12. Dark Legacy of East Germany's Secret Police

13. 44444000 Stasi 40 Years of Terror 90,000 to control 17 Million Secret Files on Citizens of Eastern Europe

14. They used Informers, Secret Jails, Physical and Psychological Torture

15. They could destroy private lives, keep you out of University, or refuse you a job – they controlled the lives of the East German Citizens Secret Police

16. The West had all the consumer goods The East had poor goods and severe shortages For example the wait for a car was seven years The Officials of East Europe had to keep what the West had secret, but it was a secret that could not be kept. East Vs. West

17. During the Cold War espionage between East and West was on the increase (CIA vs. KGB)

18. Spies stole secret about the Atomic Bomb They stole secrets about Weapons They spied on Submarine Capabilities They spied on Troop Strength and location and movements They tried to evaluate each other true strengths in terms of industrial and military capability and even how far the other side would go in combat. Goals of Spying – East vs. West

19. Gary Powers – Captured and Tried Ended in Spy Swap

21. Kim PhilbyIn 1941 Philby joined the British intelligence, MI6, despite the fact that he had been working for the Soviet intelligence since 1933. MI6 only realized he was a double agent in 1963,

23. Robert Hanssen Who worked in counterintelligence, sold out to the Soviets in 1979, after only three years at the bureau. Hanssen continued to sell secrets even after the fall of the Soviet Union.

24. The End Class 3