This is homework

1. THE
INTERNET
THE INTERNET IS A GLOBAL COMPUTER NETWORK CONNECTING
MILLIONS, ALMOST EVERY, COMPUTER WORLDWIDE.
IT IS DEFINED BY THE OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY AS:
A GLOBAL COMPUTER NETWORK PROVIDING A VARIETY
OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION FACILITIES, CONSISTING
OF INTERCONNECTED NETWORKS USING STANDARDIZED COMMUNIC
ATION PROTOCOLS.

2. LINK BETWEEN A DOMAIN NAME AND IP ADDRESS
• A domain name is the name of the website, or what a website is known
as, so for example for ‘ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/’ the domain name
would be ‘bbc.co.uk’.
• An IP address is made p of four number separated by dots, the numbers
are from 1 to 255, an example of this is 74.39.256.11
• Humans refer to host names as domain names but computers need IP
address’ to recognise where the webpage is.
• To convert a domain name into an IP address, a compliant software will
ask a domain name server to do this conversion, this process is called a
domain name lookup.

3. DATA PACKETS AND PACKET SWITCHING
• A data packet is a unit of data made into a single package that will travel along a
network path. When information is being sent from one computer to another,
like and email, this information is broken down into small parts known as
packets. Each packet includes: where it is from, where it is going and how to
reassemble it.
• Packet switching is what some computer networks use to deliver data over a
local or long distance communication. Examples of packet switching protocols
are Frame Relay, IPand X.25.

4. THE FUNCTIONS OF ROUTERS
• Internet routers are specialized computers that
determine where to send information. They send
everyone's messages to the right place. They make
sure that certain information doesn’t get lost or go
to the wrong place. If it does end up going to the
wrong place then it could clog up the connections of
people computers.
• It also makes sure that the information get to the
right computer(s). Routers are extremely important
in the internet and if we didn’t have them, random
information could end up anywhere.

5. http://datacombasic.blogspot.co.uk/2011/03/packet-switching.html
http://www.homeserverland.com/2009/05/securing-your-whs-and-network-part-
8/
http://picture24gallery.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/local-domain-name-localhostlocaldomain.
html
http://computer.howstuffworks.com/internet/basics/internet-infrastructure3.
htm
http://whatismyipaddress.com/domain-name
http://www.teach-ict.
com/technology_explained/packet_switching/packet_switching.html