2. Objective: By the end of the presentation, 75% of audience members will be able to illustrate how high cholesterol can be fatal.

3. Biology of Cholesterol Rocio Flores

4. Cholesterol What is cholesterol? Where is it found? What does it do to our bodies? What diseases can high cholesterol cause? HDL & LDL

5. What is cholesterol? “Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like, waxy substance found in the bloodstream and in all your body's cells” (American Heart Association, 2008 para.1) It is normal and healthy to have cholesterol but very high levels of cholesterol are dangerous. Two types of cholesterol: High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)

6. Where is it found? Cholesterol is naturally found in our bodies and in the food we eat. Every cell in our bodies makes cholesterol. The cholesterol we get from food, is absorbed into the blood stream from the stomach and circulates with our blood.

7. Cholesterol in the blood stream Source: http://www.topnews.in/files/high-cholesterol.jpg

8. What does cholesterol do to our bodies? When too much cholesterol is in our blood stream, it can accumulate around the lining of our arteries. “Together with other substances, it can form plaque, a thick, hard deposit that can narrow the arteries and make them less flexible” (American Heart Association, 2009 para.2)

9. Diseases caused by high cholesterol Atherosclerosis: “the process of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood) building up in the inner lining of an artery. The buildup that results is called plaque.” (American Heart Association, 2008 para.1)

10. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZALTTgT_SgA/RfrHRfPV2FI/AAAAAAAAAD0/iUyySqI4368/s320/LDL.jpg

11. Diseases Caused by High Cholesterol cont. Heart Disease: the blood carries oxygen to our heart, atherosclerosis reduces the amount of blood flowing to our heart. If blood stops flowing to the heart because of a blockage in the arteries, a heart attack occurs. ( National Cholesterol Education Program, 2005) Heart Attack: A heart attack results from the blockage of an artery to the heart. Can lead to death.

12. Diseases cont. Stroke: Atherosclerosis in arteries in or leading to the brain can result in stroke. (American Heart Association, 2008) http://www.smartabouthealth.net/images/stroke_guidelines_drugs.jpg

13. Deadly Sequence Hypercholesterolemia Atherosclerosis Heart Disease Heart Attack/Stroke Death There are no symptoms of high cholesterol

14. High Density Lipoproteins “Good” Cholesterol High levels of HDL have been found to lower risk of heart attack (American Heart Association, 2009) Risk of heart disease increases when there are lower levels of HDL. Mostly protein, and few cholesterol “Help remove cholesterol from artery walls and transport it to the liver for elimination from the body”(Simon, 2008 para. 1)

15. Low Density Lipoproteins LDL: Bad cholesterol that can build up in the arteries. High levels of LDL can increase risk of heart disease. Composed mainly of cholesterol and a few proteins. “Primarily responsible for depositing cholesterol within arteries” (Simon, 2008 para. 2)

16. HDL & LDL http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/OrthopedicsCenter/10/000362.htm

17. DeKeisha Moore Race and Cholesterol: Is there a Connection?

18. "There has to be something else going on that we don't fully understand," said cardiologist Rajendra Mehta, MD, in a Duke University Medical Center press release. Prior to reaching 50 years of age, adults of all ethnicities have similar levels of total cholesterol. Researchers have found that, compared to whites, African Americans and Hispanics are less likely have their blood cholesterol levels checked. Disparities

20. cultural differences in attitudes toward medical treatment

21. Less access to healthy foods sources

22. Less safe parks and recreation centers for physical activity

23. No insight on how foods eaten are unhealthy

25. 49.9% of Mexican-American men and 50% of Mexican-American women have high or borderline high total cholesterol levels slightly higher than those for non-Hispanic Caucasian-American men (47.9%) and women (49.7%). 39% of Mexican-American men have high LDL levels, compared to 31.7% of white men. Hispanic

26. Mental Stress Physical activity/inactivity Alcohol use Weight Heredity Diet Lifestyle

27. Control your Cholesterol Don’t let itcontrol You

29. Limit the products cooked with butter, egg yolks and cheese.

30. Avoid using saturated oils like coconut oil or palm oil(American Heart, 2007)

33. What to eatFiber To view more information on fiber intake visit: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health

34. Try roasting or grilling meats instead of frying. When frying, use a paper toll to wipe of the excess grease. Use vegetable oil cooking spray over butter or lard to sauté foods. Serve small portions of foods that are cook with high fat. Serve bigger portions of vegetable. Cooking Tips (American Heart, 2007)

35. Food Samples

36. ACTIVITY Make a pledge to your heart

37. Refrences American Heart Association. (2007). How can I lower high cholesterol. Retrieved from www.americanheart.org WebMD. (2009). Lower cholesterol to reduce heart disease risk. Retrieved from www.webmd.com/cholesterolmanagement

38. WebMD, . (2009). High cholesterol. Retrieved from http://www.emedicinehealth.com/high_cholesterol/page2_em.htm Lee-Frye, Betsy. (2009). Cholesterol and africanamericans--why so high?. Retrieved from http://cholesterol.about.com/lw/Health-Medicine/conditions-and-diseases/Cholesterol-and- African-Americans-Why-So-High-.htm Lee-Frye, Betsy. (2009). Hispanics with high cholesterol--is it a growing trend?. Retrieved from http://cholesterol.about.com/lw/Health-Medicine/Conditions-and-diseases/Cholesterol-and-Hispanics-Why-So-High-.-16c.htm (2009). Diversity matters photo without wording. Retrieved from http://www.mediabistro.com/agencyspy/original/Diversity_Matters_photo_without_wording__.jpg References