Open Source In Further Education

1. Engaging with open source software in the FE sector [email_address] http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk Regional Support Centre SW Summer Conference 19 th June 2008 Unless otherwise indicated, this page is © 2008 University of Oxford. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0

2. Agenda <ul><li>Who are OSS Watch? </li></ul><ul><li>What is Free and Open Source Software </li></ul><ul><li>Why should you care? </li></ul><ul><li>Engaging with Free and Open Source Software </li></ul><ul><li>Open Source and IT Policies </li></ul><ul><li>Further help and information </li></ul>

3. Who are OSS Watch? <ul><li>JISC funded advisory service for open source software </li></ul><ul><li>“ Watchwords” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Trust </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Impartiality </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Practical advice </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Openness and collaboration, </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Pragmatism and balance, </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Expertise </li></ul></ul>

4. What we do <ul><li>Advice on all things open </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Procurement </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Engagement </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Development </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Legal </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Services </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Clearing house: info@oss-watch.ac.uk </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Content: http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Consultancy, events, presentations, community development </li></ul></ul>

5. Who are OSS Watch? <ul><li>Ross Gardler (me) </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Open source developer </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Member of The Apache Software Foundation </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Joined OSS Watch in Jan 2007 </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Service Manager in July 2007 </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>My focus is on open source for sustainability </li></ul></ul><ul><li>5 other staff and 4 contractors </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Legal expert </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Statistician </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Content Manager </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Anthropologist </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Content authors </li></ul></ul>

7. What is Open Source? <ul><li>a copyright licensing paradigm </li></ul><ul><li>a marketing term for free software </li></ul><ul><li>a software development methodology </li></ul><ul><li>all about community </li></ul><ul><li>a business model </li></ul>

8. Open source use in UK FE <ul><li>Software deployed on servers </li></ul><ul><ul><li>All/Almost all closed source dropping from 56% (past) to 40% (present) to 26% (Future) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Moving to mostly closed (present) and in some cases on to half and half in the future (12%) </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Software deployed on desktops </li></ul><ul><ul><li>All/Almost all closed source dropping from 67% (past) to 47% (present) to 37% (Future) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Moving to mostly closed (present) and in some cases on to half and half in the future (10%) </li></ul></ul>

9. Some OSS Myth Busting <ul><li>MYTH: Volunteers sustain open source </li></ul><ul><ul><li>FACT: sustainable open source enables income streams to support multiple “volunteers” </li></ul></ul><ul><li>MYTH: You can't generate income from open source </li></ul><ul><ul><li>FACT: $1.8 billion in 2006 rising to $5.8 billion in 2011 (IDC, June 2007) </li></ul></ul><ul><li>MYTH: You have to engage with the project if you use open source </li></ul><ul><ul><li>FACT: You can outsource all support and development services if you want to </li></ul></ul>

10. MYTH: It’s free <ul><li>FACT: It's Free as in Speech not beer </li></ul><ul><li>FACT: It can save you money </li></ul><ul><ul><li>In a survey of 800 IT managers, InfoWorld found that of all the FLOSS adopters, only a very small percentage (<9%) reports that there are no savings or that costs have increased compared to proprietary software. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>those collecting the most significant benefits are those that deploy more open source products, with 24% of the "large users" (more than 100 products) reporting savings of more than 60%. It is also interesting to notice that http://www.slideshare.net/cdaffara/open-source-competence-centers </li></ul></ul></ul>

12. Because they say you should? <ul><li>UK Government will consider OSS solutions alongside proprietary ones in IT procurements. Contracts will be awarded on a value for money basis. http://www.govtalk.gov.uk/documents/oss_policy_version2.pdf </li></ul><ul><li>The [European] Commission will consider OSS solutions the same way as proprietary ones in IT procurements. Contracts will be awarded on a "value for money" basis. Not only licence costs ,but also setup, maintenance, support and training costs must be considered. http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/en/document/7389/5998 </li></ul><ul><li>[CIO 07] 79% of respondents answered positively to the question "My company's experience with open source products other than Linux has been so good we plan to expand their use". </li></ul>

13. Because they say you will? <ul><li>"Open source software is the most significant all-encompassing and long- term trend that the software industry has seen since the early 1980s" [IDC] </li></ul><ul><li>Today, OSS represents 15% of the total software market, and will reach 25% in 2 years [Gartner, 2006] http://www.slideshare.net/cdaffara/open-source-competence-centers </li></ul>

14. Because they do? <ul><li>National Security Agency (NSA) today announced an agreement to jointly work within the OpenSolaris community to research and to develop security enhancements to complement existing OpenSolaris security mechanisms. http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/pr/2008-03/sunflash.20080313.1.xml </li></ul><ul><li>86% of UK HE and FE use open source software </li></ul><ul><li>And so on… </li></ul>

15. But what about YOU ? <ul><li>Following the crowd is not good business sense , we need more </li></ul><ul><li>Flexibility </li></ul><ul><li>Interoperability </li></ul><ul><li>Avoidance of lock-in </li></ul><ul><li>Viable alternatives </li></ul>

16. Is Open Source Always Right? <ul><li>No </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Consider open source alongside closed source and make an informed decision </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Some key pitfalls with open source </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Although the software itself is free, you need the right person (or company) to administer and support it </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Without them you might not see the cost benefit. </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Open source projects sometimes lack support mechanisms and/or resources (documentations, communities, etc.) </li></ul></ul>

17. Caveat: Not all open source is equal <ul><li>Sometimes open source is little more than a marketing tool </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Crippled open source version, paid for feature rich version </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Closed development methodology </li></ul></ul><ul><li>If open source is a marketing tool you will not get the full benefits of the open source development methodology </li></ul>

19. <ul><ul><li>"The real value of open source software is that it allows communities to work together and solve problems" </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>- Irving Wladawsky-Berger, </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Head of IBM's e-business on demand initiative </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>http://www.itconversations.com/shows/detail495.html </li></ul></ul>

20. A project communmity Evangelism Requirements Support Bugs Use Documentation Design Code Contribute Strategy Legal Oversight Manage

21. Local customisation is bad <ul><li>Engaging with external community extends and preserves project memory beyond internal staff </li></ul><ul><li>Allowing local installations to diverge from new developments can be dangerous </li></ul><ul><li>Local customisations should be contributed back </li></ul><ul><li>It's cheaper for you and helps secure the future of your chosen solution </li></ul>

23. Open Source Policies <ul><li>In 2006 70% of FE institutions did not mention open source in their policy. </li></ul><ul><li>In 2008 67% do mention FOSS </li></ul><ul><li>Are you one of the remaining 33%? </li></ul>

24. Changing policies... <ul><li>Engaging with open source requires a new approach </li></ul><ul><li>You need a policy </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Always evaluate open source options </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Define how you will engage with open source solutions </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Outsourced or in-house support </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Define how you will manage and fund support </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Ensuring support providers are active community </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Staff training and contributing back </li></ul></ul></ul>

25. Implement the policy <ul><li>56% of FE institutions now consider FOSS when procuring solutions </li></ul><ul><li>BUT </li></ul><ul><li>Only 15% consider open source equally alongside closed source </li></ul>

26. Simplify Engagement <ul><li>(for most employees) copyright on the code you write belongs to your employer </li></ul><ul><li>procedures to gain institutional approval for contribution of code may be so difficult that in practice few bother engaging with them </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Only 13% of FE institutions address contributions to open source in their policies </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Only 1% address the issue in employment contracts </li></ul></ul><ul><li>42.2% of respondents report that contributions are made by staff </li></ul><ul><li>This is a potential IPR minefield! </li></ul>

28. OSS Watch <ul><li>[email_address] K </li></ul><ul><li>http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk </li></ul><ul><li>Consultancy </li></ul><ul><li>Events </li></ul><ul><li>Presentations </li></ul><ul><li>Community development </li></ul>

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