2. Ear surgery
• May involve the tympanic
membrane, the middle ear cavity, the
mastoid, or the inner ear
• It may be done for perforation of the
eardrum, to facilitate drainage and
remove diseased tissue in cases of
infection, to relieve vertigo, or to treat
hearing loss.
6. Myringotomy
• creating a surgical opening into
tympanic membrane (with knife or laser)
for possible drainage tube insertion
7. • Type I (myringoplasty)
• Purpose:
– To close perforation by placing a graft
over it to create a closed middle ear
to improve hearing and decrease risk
of infection and cholesteatoma
8. • Perforation is closed using one of the
following:
– Fascia from temporalis muscle
– Vein grafts from hand or forearm
– Epithelium from auditory canal (eustachian
tube)
9. • Type II to V
• Suitable replacement is used to
maintain continuity of conduction sound
pathway
– Polyethylene
– stainless steel wire
– Bone
– cartilage
10. • The necessity of a two-stage procedure
is determined
– First stage—eradication of all diseased
tissues; area is cleaned out to achieve a dry,
healed middle ear
– Second stage—performed 2 to 3 months
after first stage; reconstruction, using grafts.
11. Mastoidectomy
• Removal of mastoid process of
temporal bone
– Simple—performed through the ear
with a tympanoplasty (closed
approach)
– Modified or radical—wide excision of
the mastoid and diseased middle ear
contents through an occipital incision
(open)
14. Endolymphatic
decompression and shunt
• Release of pressure on the
endolymphatic system in the labyrinth
and creation of a shunt for fluid to the
subarachnoid space or the mastoid
