1. DUAL FACTOR THEORY OF
MOTIVATION
BY: DR. RENU JAIN

2. o Frederick Irving Herzberg: April 18th 1923 – January
19th 2000 in Massachusetts.
o He was an American psychologist.
o One of the most influential names in business
management for introducing.
 Job enrichment
 The motivator-hygiene theory.

3.  Frederick Herzberg’s well known Two-Factor Theory was
designed in year 1959. Based on two hundred Engineers
& Accountant feedback collected in the USA regarding
their personal feelings towards their working environmental.
 Herzberg defined two sets of factors in deciding
employees working attitudes & level of performance,
named Motivation & Hygiene Factors.

5. Motivation factor :-
Work condition related to the satisfaction of the need for
need for psychological growth.
Hygiene Factor :-
Work condition related to dissatisfaction caused by discomfort
discomfort or pain.

6. Motivation
• Satisfied
Intrinsic Rewards
Hygiene
• Dissatisfied
Extrinsic Rewards

7. SATISFACTION :
Which is mostly affected by the “motivator factors”.
Motivation factors help increase the satisfaction but aren’t that affective on
that affective on dissatisfaction.
DISSATISFACTION :
It is the results of the “hygiene factors”.
These factors, if absent or inadequate, cause dissatisfaction, but their
dissatisfaction, but their presence has effect on long-term satisfaction.

8. Achievement
Recognition
Personal
Growth
Responsibility Career
Advancement
Motivational
Factors

9. Rate of pay
Company
policies
Job
security
Fringe
benefits
status
Hygiene
Factors

10. High Hygiene
+
High Motivation
High Hygiene
+
Low Motivation
Low Hygiene
+
High Motivation
Low hygiene
+
Low Motivation

11.  This theory emphasize upon job-enrichment so as to
motivate the employees.
 The job must utilize the employee’s skills &
competencies to the maximum.
 Focusing on the motivational factors can improve
work-quality.