Nature of Psychology

1. The Nature of Psychology

6. Western History of Psychology Early dates Greek philosophers: (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) Studied the nature of the mind, the soul, the body, and human experience 17 th Century Rene Descartes Nativist View: some ideas are innate John Locke Empiricist View: Knowledge is acquired through experiences & interactions with the world 1869 Sir Francis Galton of England Studied individual differences> dev’t of intelligence tests 1879 Wilhelm Wundt Father of Psychology Established the first psychological laboratory (Germany @ Leipzig Univ. ) Research: senses (vision), attention, emotion and memory

7. History continues… 1883 Granville Stanley Hall First American to finish doctoral studies in psychology Established the 1 st psychological laboratory (US @ John Hopkins Univ) Founded the 1 st American Journal of psychology 1888 James McKeen Cattell 1 st psychology professor in the US 19 th Century Titchener Structuralism: Specified mental structures & analyzed the basic elements of mental life. Introspection: the examination of one’s own emotional states & mental processes. William James Functionalism: Functions of the mind & behavior to adapt to the environment

8. 1920’s John B. Watson Ivan Pavlov B.F. Skinner Behaviorism: Only observable behavior should be studied Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning 1912 Max Wertheimer Gestalt Psychology: “ Gestalt” means form or configuration “ the whole is greater than the sum of its parts” 20 th Century Sigmund Freud Psychoanalysis : Human behavior is deeply influenced by unconscious thoughts, impulses, & desires (sex & aggression) Recent dev’ts Herbert Simon Noam Chomsky Views humans as information processing systems Modern Linguistics: study of how mental structures are required to comprehend & speak a language Neuropsychology: studies the relationship between neurobiological events & mental processes

9. Philippine History of Psychology 17 th Century Taught in two Phil. Univ. Univ. of Sto. Tomas (1 st institution to offer undergraduate, master’s & doctoral degrees in Psychology) Univ. of San Carlos (Cebu) 1926 Agustin Alonzo Head of the 1 st Dept. of Psychology, at UP. 1932 Sinforoso Padilla, Ph.D. (Univ. of Michigan, 1928) Established the 1 st psychological clinic at UP. Jesus Perpinan, Ph.D. (Iowa State Univ, 1933) Set up the FEU psychological clinic Elias Bumatay, Ph.D. Educ Psych (Univ. of Texas, 1940) Dean of the College of Education at NU (National University) 1948 1962 Estefania Aldaba-Lim, Ph.D. Clinical Psych (Univ. of Michigan) Started the psychology program at PWU Set up the Phil. Psychological Corp.

10. Philippine History of Psychology 1955 Alfredo Lagmay, Ph.D. Experimental Psych (Harvard Univ., 1955) Headed the Psychology Dept. of UP (22 yrs) Mariano Obias, Ph.D. Comparative & Physiological Psych (Stanford Univ., 1955) Led the personnel dept. of Caltex Phils. 1961 Jaime Bulatao, S.J. Ph.D. Clinical Psych (Fordham Univ., 1961) Established the Dept. of Psych at ADMU 1962 All pioneers (except for Bumatay) and Alonzo Founded the PAP (Psychological Assoc. of the Phils.)