More Related Content Similar to Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems (20) More from rAVe [PUBS] (20) Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems 1. 1 © 2017 AVIXA
Installation Issues for Converged
AV/IT Systems
2. 2 © 2017 AVIXA
Objectives
• Contrast IT and AV design
• Examine physical IT topology
• Identify acceptable IT terminations
• Examine testing requirements
3. 3 © 2017 AVIXA
Agenda
• Professionals
• Standards
• Terminology
• Convergence
• Project Coordination
• Unique Hardware
• Terminations
• Testing the system
4. 4 © 2017 AVIXA
Working with IT
• Specific means of documentation
• International standards and references
–TIA/EIA, ISO, IEEE, IETF, ITIL
• Industry standard construction methods:
–TIA, BICSI
• Conservative new technology adoption
• Content is mostly information
• Only one or two cabling types, connectors, standardized
termination
It’s only Data
5. 5 © 2017 AVIXA
Working with AV
• Non‐standard documentation
• Lack of standards
• Proprietary techniques
• Constantly adopting new technologies
• Many different types of content
• Whatever cable and connector works
6. 6 © 2017 AVIXA
IT Concerns
• Minimal downtime
• Scheduled maintenance / backups
• Unified “build” of computers
• Network / data security
• Help Desk / Trouble tickets
7. 7 © 2017 AVIXA
Signals
• Microphone
• Line level
• Loudspeaker
• HDTV (ATSC)
• HDMI, DisplayPort, Thunderbolt
• HDBaseT
• SDI and its variants
• Control (Contact closure, TTL, serial,
IR)
• RF
• USB, USB‐C
• AV over IP (Proprietary except for
AVB/TSN)
• Ethernet – IEEE 802
• Faster speeds
• Protocols
• Fiber optic
9. 9 © 2017 AVIXA
The Shift
• RS‐232
• Telephony (ISDN)
• SIP
• H.323
• Ethernet
• IP
13. 13 © 2017 AVIXA
Structured Cabling System
• ITS infrastructure
• Cables and connecting hardware
• Work areas
• Horizontal and Backbone distribution
• Telcom spaces
• Power
• Field testing
• Standardization of the cabling installation!
14. 14 © 2017 AVIXA
TIA-569-D
• Entrance Facility (EF) / Distributor Room (DR)
• Backbone pathways and cabling
• Cross‐connect facilities
• Telecommunications Rooms (TRs)
• Horizontal pathways and cabling
• Work areas
• Outlets
15. 15 © 2017 AVIXA
Entrance Facility / Distribution Room
•Entrance Facility (EF)
–Telecommunications service entrance
Demarc
–Backbone pathways between buildings
•Distribution Room (DR)
–Formerly called the Equipment Room
–Routers, switches, servers
16. 16 © 2017 AVIXA
Backbone Pathways and Cabling
• Cabling between Equipment Rooms and Building Entrance
Facilities
• Vertical connections between floors
17. 17 © 2017 AVIXA
Telecommunications Room
• Wiring originates from patch panels or punch‐down blocks in
the TR and extends to wall jacks
• Common cross connect between backbone and horizontal
pathways
• Contains switches and routers
18. 18 © 2017 AVIXA
Terminations
• AV
–Field termination ‐ all custom
–Few Premade
–Crimp
–Compression
–Solder
–RJ45 IDC
–Fiber optic
• IT
–Punch‐down IDC
–Premade patch cables
–Fiber optic
–No field terminations of RJ‐45s
19. 19 © 2017 AVIXA
Audiovisual and IT Coordination
•Unusual locations for information outlets
•Network segregation
–VPNs
–Subnets
•Real‐time traffic
•Firewalls
–Ports
20. 20 © 2017 AVIXA
Field Testing – Why?
•Reveals the quality and performance of the installation
–Verifies that the installation meets:
Industry standards
Network requirements
•Reduces costly rework
•Eliminates the blame game
22. 22 © 2017 AVIXA
Field Testing
•Discover the requirements
–ISO/IEC 11801 (Class)
–ANSI/TIA‐568‐D (Category)
•Test / Certify
•Troubleshoot
•Document
23. 23 © 2017 AVIXA
Field Testing
•Wiremap
–Is it wired correctly?
•Length
–Link or channel?
•Insertion Loss (Attenuation)
•Crosstalk
•Return Loss
24. 24 © 2017 AVIXA
Cable Length
•Link
–Excludes test and patch cords
–Cable segment including terminations
–Twisted pairs no more than 295 ft. (90 m)
•Channel
–End‐to‐end path including the devices attached to the cable
–Twisted pairs no more than 328 ft. (100 m)
25. 25 © 2017 AVIXA
Insertion Loss
•a.k.a. Attenuation
Freq. (MHz) Max. Attenuation (dB/100m) Min. NEXT (dB)
300 34.5 43.2
350 37.7 42.1
400 40.6 41.3
450 43.5 40.5
460 44.0 40.4
26. 26 © 2017 AVIXA
Crosstalk
•NEXT – Near End Crosstalk
–Ability to reject crosstalk form an
adjacent pair at the transmitting
end
•FEXT – Far End Crosstalk
–Measurement of how the far end
of one pair affects the near end of
another pair
27. 27 © 2017 AVIXA
Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio (ACR)
28. 28 © 2017 AVIXA
Return Loss (RL)
•Changes in impedance in the cable path
–Different cable construction – solid vs. stranded
–Mismatched cable and connectors
–Untwisting of wire pairs
–Separating wire pairs
–Changes in cable geometry due to deformation
Use of nylon ties
Exceeding cable bend radius
29. 29 © 2017 AVIXA
What happens if we don’t test?