modern hebrew on memrise

1. Verbs pa’al 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬
 In this lesson, we will take a look at another ‫גזרה‬ in
the pa’al ‫.בניין‬ This group will be a little different
than the ones we have studied so far.

2. Verbs pa’al 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬
 So far we have studied ‫גזרת‬‫השלמים‬ which are
words that have no weak root letters and the ‫גזרות‬
that have a weak root letter in the first position.
 In this, lesson we will begin looking at what
happens when verbs have a weak root letter in the
second position. Specifically X‫י‬ X and X‫ו‬ X.
 These two ‫גזרות‬ function the same grammatically
in the present tense so we will discuss them
together.

3. Verbs pa’al 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬
 Because the letters ‫י‬ and ‫ו‬ are weak, they drop out
of the present tense conjugation. Not all weak
letters do this, but these two do. Let’s look at some
examples:
 ‫גור‬ – root ‫גר‬ – present tense (gar - live)
 ‫רוץ‬ – root ‫רץ‬ – present tense (rats – run)
 ‫שיר‬ – root ‫שר‬ – present tense (shar – sing)
 Notice that the present tense form only contains two
letters. This does NOT mean these verbs are two letter
roots. It is important to know the ‘missing’ root letter in
these verbs as they are necessary in other tenses.

4. Verbs pa’al 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬
 We learned that the regular vowels for the pa’al
‫בניין‬ are XeXoX (ex. lomed).
 For these two ‫,גזרות‬ the regular vowel is simply ‘a’
XaX. (ex. Gar, shar, rats)
 For verbs in these ‫,גזרות‬ I will add the missing root
letter in the gender column so you can learn it with
the verb. It will be important later so it is best to
learn it now when you learn the verbs.

5. Verbs pa’al 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬
 Let’s do a quick review of all the verb forms and
groups that we have learned so far.
 One difference is that most feminine verbs in these
groups end in ‫ה‬ and not in ‫ת‬ like you are used to
with the other groups we have learned.
 In plural forms, the plural endings are simply added
as in other groups.

6. Verbs pa’al 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬
‫פעל‬ ‫בניין‬
‫גזרה‬ ‫השלמים‬ 1st weak 2nd ‫י‬ and 2nd ‫ו‬ Pronunciation
‫אני‬ (I) ‫לומד‬ ‫יורד‬ ‫שר‬ Shar
‫אתה‬ (you m.s.) ‫לומד‬ ‫יורד‬ ‫שר‬ Shar
‫את‬ (you f.s.) ‫לומדת‬ ‫יורד‬‫ת‬ ‫שרה‬ Shara
‫הוא‬ (he) ‫לומד‬ ‫יורד‬ ‫שר‬ Shar
‫היא‬ (she) ‫לומדת‬ ‫יורד‬‫ת‬ ‫שרה‬ Shara
‫אנחנו‬ (we) ‫לומדים‬ ‫יורד‬‫ים‬ ‫שרים‬ Sharim
‫אתם‬ (you m.p.) ‫לומדים‬ ‫יורד‬‫ים‬ ‫שרים‬ Sharim
‫אתן‬ (you f.p.) ‫לומדות‬ ‫יורד‬‫ות‬ ‫שרות‬ Sharot
‫הם‬ (they m.) ‫לומדים‬ ‫יורד‬‫ים‬ ‫שרים‬ Sharim
‫הן‬ (they f.) ‫לומדות‬ ‫יורד‬‫ות‬ ‫שרות‬ sharot
Regular vowels XoXeX XoXeX XaX
example Lomed Yored shar