rocks and minerals

2.  Rocks are found on the mountains, hills, and
in valleys.
 They are also found under rivers and seas.
 Rocks are of many kinds.
 Rocks are of many colours like white, black,
red, and grey.

3.  Rocks are usually hard.
 Granite is a very hard rock. It is used to make
floor tiles.
 Marble is also a hard rock. It is used for making
buildings, statues and floors. The Taj Mahal in
Agra is built of white marble.
 Sandstone is also a hard rock. It is not as hard as
granite or marble. The Red Fort in Delhi is made
of red sand stone.
 Some rocks are soft. Coal, Chalk and Slate are
soft stones.

4. Chalk
Marble
Granite Sandstone
Coal
Slate

5.  All rocks are made up of minerals.
 Minerals are of different colours, shapes and sizes.
 Many things that we use every day are made of
minerals.
 Iron is used to make nails.
 Silica is used to make mirrors.
 Silica is used to make glass.
 Tungsten is used in light bulbs.
 China clay is used to make flower vases.
 Quartz is used in watches.
 Talc is used to make talcum powder.
 Graphite is used as the ‘lead’ of a pencil.

6. Iron
Quartz
China
Clay
Talcum Powder
Silica

7.  Gemstones are very hard minerals.
 These are cut in various shapes and polished.
 Polished gemstones are very beautiful.
 These are used commonly in jewellery.
 Talc is the softest mineral.
 Diamond is the hardest mineral.

8. Ruby
Emerald