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Presented by: Rk.verma
Freshwater-can be raised inland away
from the coast
Not susceptible to common shrimp
diseases
Environmentally sustainable
The freshwater prawn is native to tropical countries along the
Pacific ocean.
Although freshwater as adults –they require salt water to
reproduce.
Widely cultured within its native range and has been shown to
have culture potential even in temperate inland areas of the
US
Prawns have a hard outer skeleton that is shed regularly for growth.
Weight and size increases occur after each molt.
Growth is increasemental rather than continuous.
Older juveniles and some adults often have a blue-green or brown
color..
Color is related to the quality and type of diet.
Adult males are larger than females . They are easily distinguished by
larger heads and claws.
LARVAE
At 80°F,approximately 20 days are required for
the eggs to hatch. Larvae swim upside down
and tail first.
Larvae cannot survive in freshwater beyond 2
days and must migrate to brackish water (10-
14ppt).
Larvae undergo 11 molts before transforming
into post-larvae,which takes 25-45 days.
Marphotypes
 Male
-Blue claw.
-Orange claw.
-Small male.
 Female.
 -Open (Breeding)
-Berried (eggs)
-Vergin
Orange Claw Male
Temperate Production
 Production in temperature regions of the US has increased
rapidly in recent years.
 Production includes four distinct phases; hatchery, nursery,
grow out,, and brood stock holding .
 Hatchery, nursery and brood holding are generally
conducted indoors.
 Pond grow out is conducted in the summer growing season
(100—150days)
Cycle
Hatchery-March
Nursery-April
Grow out- June-September
Broodstock-October-April
Considering Shrimp Production?
Skip the hatchery and possibly the nursery
phase-purchase from supplier.
As you become successful at pond grow out
consider a nursery.
Break-even on a hatchery <1 million PL.
Knowledge intensive.
Hatchery Production
Broodstock holding
 At pond harvest, broodstock
are stocked in heated tanks and
maintained throughout the
winter.
Broodstock are stocked at 1:4
male to femal ratio in heated
tanks at one prawn ft square or
7.5 gallons.
Larvae
Egg development takes two weeks at 80°F,a 40 g
femal can produced approx.20000 larvae.
Prawn larvae requires brackish water (12 ppt salt)
for the 30 day larval period
Larvae are extremely small (<0.01 g)and are fed
live food (Artemia) at frequent intervals.
SALT MIXTURES
Commercially available sea
water mixed are major
expense in hatchery
production, approximately
$30.00 to treat 450 gal.
Biofiltration
4-6 week break-in period to
develop bacteria colonies.
Requires daily maintenance
for:- - Solids removal
-Ammonia/Nitrite
monitoring.
Water Quality
 Temperature 80-86°F
 Salinity 12 ppt
 Ammonia<1 ppm
 Nitrite<0.5 ppm
 Nitrate<50 ppm
 pH 6.5-8.5
Oxygen
 Maintained at saturation (6-8 mg/L)
 Should Have Back-up Blower and Generature
.
Larval collector
 The larval collector allows better
control of stocking density in
larval tanks.
 It is important to have larvae as
close to the the same age as
possible –no more than 2-3 days.
First week
Larvae are initially
stocked in small
tanks at high density
(<1,000/L)for the
first. 6-10 days and
fed Artemia twice a
day.
Artemia
Prawn larvae require
live feed-Artemia
Artemia require 24
hours to hatch
Artemia cost $70/1b
Second stage
 After approx. 1 week
,larvae are moved to
larger tanks (450-1,000
gal) and the density
reduced to 50-100/L.
 Supplemental feeding is
initiated
Supplemental Diet
 By day 10 larvae should be fed a
supplemental diet. In addition to
artemia.
 1 in. Squid or fish
 4 eggs
 Tsp cod liver oil
 Tsp Vit C
Survival
Survival in larval
culture ranges from 0-
50%!
At 30 days, post-larùvae
are harvested and
remaining larvae are
sacrificed (<5%)when
acclimated to
freshwater.
Nursery Production
Nursery
Growth from 0.01 g to
0.3 in 45 days.
The nursery stage
improves survival by
stocking larger animals.
Developed to reduce
pond growout time in
temperate production.
Nursery period
Beyond 60days ,the rate of
mortality increases
significantly and reaches
maximum at 2.5g of animals
per L.
Following 30-60 days juveniles
should be <0.25g.
Feeding
Feed a commercial
salmonid starter approx.
10% of biomass daily.
 Best to feed to satiation-
observe feeding based on
left over feed on tank
bottom.
Recirculation Systems
Heating water
r expense in culturing
e climate .
ork well to maintain
e to operate.
d to have a sufficient heat
mperature.
Recycle Systems
Primarily used to have control over the
culture environment.
The only option when culturing tropical
animals outside their native range.
Efficient feeding
Proper feeding is the most critical aspect of
managing a prawn nursery.
If larvae or post –larvae are underfed they will
eat each other .If they are overfed ,water quality
will deteriorate and they will die.
Feed cost insignificant.
-20,000 juveniles for 60 days require approx 25
IBS.
Round tanks
 Small tanks may be
advantageous for
simplicity when
stocking and
harvesting .
 Large tanks more
efficient
 20000 PLs per 1,000
Stocking Density?
Survival during the nursery phase has been
highly variable (40-100%)
Juvenile prawns are territorial and
cannibalistic and are limited by available
two – dimensional space.
Survival in nursery culture may be realated
to the amount of substrate provide.
Transport
Pond Stocking
When the water
temperatures are
consistently>68°F
(early June )prawns
are stocked in grow
out ponds at 12-
30,000 per acre.
Stocking Density
 Densities of 12,000-32,,000 acre depending on the desired size, total
ponds ,and use of substrate.
 Generally lighter densities produce larger prawn, where higher densities
produce more total pounds.
 Increased feeding rates and inclusion of substrate have consistently
achieved 2,000 IBS/acre of 40g animals in small research ponds.
Thankyou

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Fresh water prown hatchry

  • 2. Freshwater-can be raised inland away from the coast Not susceptible to common shrimp diseases Environmentally sustainable
  • 3. The freshwater prawn is native to tropical countries along the Pacific ocean. Although freshwater as adults –they require salt water to reproduce. Widely cultured within its native range and has been shown to have culture potential even in temperate inland areas of the US
  • 4. Prawns have a hard outer skeleton that is shed regularly for growth. Weight and size increases occur after each molt. Growth is increasemental rather than continuous.
  • 5. Older juveniles and some adults often have a blue-green or brown color.. Color is related to the quality and type of diet. Adult males are larger than females . They are easily distinguished by larger heads and claws.
  • 6. LARVAE At 80°F,approximately 20 days are required for the eggs to hatch. Larvae swim upside down and tail first. Larvae cannot survive in freshwater beyond 2 days and must migrate to brackish water (10- 14ppt). Larvae undergo 11 molts before transforming into post-larvae,which takes 25-45 days.
  • 7. Marphotypes  Male -Blue claw. -Orange claw. -Small male.  Female.  -Open (Breeding) -Berried (eggs) -Vergin
  • 9. Temperate Production  Production in temperature regions of the US has increased rapidly in recent years.  Production includes four distinct phases; hatchery, nursery, grow out,, and brood stock holding .  Hatchery, nursery and brood holding are generally conducted indoors.  Pond grow out is conducted in the summer growing season (100—150days)
  • 11. Considering Shrimp Production? Skip the hatchery and possibly the nursery phase-purchase from supplier. As you become successful at pond grow out consider a nursery. Break-even on a hatchery <1 million PL. Knowledge intensive.
  • 13. Broodstock holding  At pond harvest, broodstock are stocked in heated tanks and maintained throughout the winter. Broodstock are stocked at 1:4 male to femal ratio in heated tanks at one prawn ft square or 7.5 gallons.
  • 14. Larvae Egg development takes two weeks at 80°F,a 40 g femal can produced approx.20000 larvae. Prawn larvae requires brackish water (12 ppt salt) for the 30 day larval period Larvae are extremely small (<0.01 g)and are fed live food (Artemia) at frequent intervals.
  • 15. SALT MIXTURES Commercially available sea water mixed are major expense in hatchery production, approximately $30.00 to treat 450 gal.
  • 16. Biofiltration 4-6 week break-in period to develop bacteria colonies. Requires daily maintenance for:- - Solids removal -Ammonia/Nitrite monitoring.
  • 17. Water Quality  Temperature 80-86°F  Salinity 12 ppt  Ammonia<1 ppm  Nitrite<0.5 ppm  Nitrate<50 ppm  pH 6.5-8.5
  • 18. Oxygen  Maintained at saturation (6-8 mg/L)  Should Have Back-up Blower and Generature .
  • 19. Larval collector  The larval collector allows better control of stocking density in larval tanks.  It is important to have larvae as close to the the same age as possible –no more than 2-3 days.
  • 20. First week Larvae are initially stocked in small tanks at high density (<1,000/L)for the first. 6-10 days and fed Artemia twice a day.
  • 21. Artemia Prawn larvae require live feed-Artemia Artemia require 24 hours to hatch Artemia cost $70/1b
  • 22. Second stage  After approx. 1 week ,larvae are moved to larger tanks (450-1,000 gal) and the density reduced to 50-100/L.  Supplemental feeding is initiated
  • 23. Supplemental Diet  By day 10 larvae should be fed a supplemental diet. In addition to artemia.  1 in. Squid or fish  4 eggs  Tsp cod liver oil  Tsp Vit C
  • 24. Survival Survival in larval culture ranges from 0- 50%! At 30 days, post-larùvae are harvested and remaining larvae are sacrificed (<5%)when acclimated to freshwater.
  • 26. Nursery Growth from 0.01 g to 0.3 in 45 days. The nursery stage improves survival by stocking larger animals. Developed to reduce pond growout time in temperate production.
  • 27. Nursery period Beyond 60days ,the rate of mortality increases significantly and reaches maximum at 2.5g of animals per L. Following 30-60 days juveniles should be <0.25g.
  • 28. Feeding Feed a commercial salmonid starter approx. 10% of biomass daily.  Best to feed to satiation- observe feeding based on left over feed on tank bottom.
  • 30. Heating water r expense in culturing e climate . ork well to maintain e to operate. d to have a sufficient heat mperature.
  • 31. Recycle Systems Primarily used to have control over the culture environment. The only option when culturing tropical animals outside their native range.
  • 32. Efficient feeding Proper feeding is the most critical aspect of managing a prawn nursery. If larvae or post –larvae are underfed they will eat each other .If they are overfed ,water quality will deteriorate and they will die. Feed cost insignificant. -20,000 juveniles for 60 days require approx 25 IBS.
  • 33. Round tanks  Small tanks may be advantageous for simplicity when stocking and harvesting .  Large tanks more efficient  20000 PLs per 1,000
  • 34. Stocking Density? Survival during the nursery phase has been highly variable (40-100%) Juvenile prawns are territorial and cannibalistic and are limited by available two – dimensional space. Survival in nursery culture may be realated to the amount of substrate provide.
  • 36. Pond Stocking When the water temperatures are consistently>68°F (early June )prawns are stocked in grow out ponds at 12- 30,000 per acre.
  • 37. Stocking Density  Densities of 12,000-32,,000 acre depending on the desired size, total ponds ,and use of substrate.  Generally lighter densities produce larger prawn, where higher densities produce more total pounds.  Increased feeding rates and inclusion of substrate have consistently achieved 2,000 IBS/acre of 40g animals in small research ponds.