1. kw-hn-[m-b-I-s‚ a-c-W-am-Wv
aebm-f-kn-n-a C-∂p t-cn-Sp-∂
G‰hpw h-en-b {]-Xn-k-‘n-I-fn-sem-∂v.
t{]w-N-µv kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ Po-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p
F∂p sX-fn-bn-°p-∂p
lcnlcs‚ "]-g-»n-cm-P'.-
kw-hn-[m-b-I≥
Xm cßfp-sS "a-kn-ep-Iƒ' kn-n-a-tb-°mƒ h-f¿-∂p
t]m-b-tXm-sS a-e-bm-f-Øn¬ a-cn-®p-t]m-b-Xv kw-
hn[m-b-I-cp-sSbpw F-gp-Øp-Im-cp-sSbpw hw-i-am-Wv.
Ip-ew tKm-]m-e-s-t∏m-ep-≈ n¿-am-Xm-hv Cu Iq-´m-bv-a-
sb km-[y-am-°n kn-n-a-bp-sS k¿-Km-fl-I-X-bn¬ ]-¶m-
fn-bm-bn. i-–-km-∂n-[y-am-bn tam-l≥-em-epw C-Xn-s‚
acn-®p-t]m-Im-Ø-h¿ kn-n-a-bn¬ n-∂pw hn-´p-t]m-hp-I- `m-K-am-Ip-∂p.-
tbm ]p-Xn-b Xm-c-a-kn¬ kw-hn-[m--߃-°v Io-gn¬ Xm-c-߃-°v a-c-W-an-√m-Ø-Xv sIm-≠v a-cn-°p-∂ I-
sN-dn-b kz-]v--ß-fp-am-bn I-gn-™p-Iq-Sp-I-tbm sN-bv-Xp- Ym-]m-{X-ß-fm-bn {]-[m- -Xmc-ß-sf a-e-bm-f-kn-n-a I-
t]m-cp-∂p. h-en-b kz-]v--߃ a-e-bm-f-kn-n-a-bn¬ ≠ Im-ew X-s∂ a-d-∂p. kn-n-a-bn¬ a-Ωq-´n a-cn-®n-s´-{X
n-∂p-X-s∂ A-I-∂p-t]m-Im-n-S-bm-b km-l-N-cyw Im-e-am-bn F-∂p I-≠p-]n-Sn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ C-n K-th-j-
CXm-Wv.- Ww X-s∂ th-≠n-h-cpw. ]-g-»n-cm-P-bn¬ c-‡-km-£n-Xz-
"]-S-tbm-´w' t]m-se-tbm, "1921' t]m-se-tbm, "kzm-Xn- Øn-eq-sS a-c-Wsa∂ Po-hn-X bm-Ym¿-Yyw kn-n-a-bn-te-
Xn-cp-mƒ' t]m-se-tbm, "H-cp h-S-°≥ ho-c-Km-Y' t]m-se- °v I-S-∂p-h-cp-∂ a-lm-kw-`-h-Øn-pw Cu kn-n-a h-gn-
tbm, "Im-em-]m-n' t]m-se-tbm H-s°-bp-≈ h-en-b kz- sbm-cp-°p-∂p.-
]v--߃ a-e-bm-f-kn-n-a-bn¬ I-gn-™ ]-Xn-‰m-≠n¬ H-cn- "]-g-»n-cm-P' G-‰-hpw h-en-b -„w h-cp-Øn-h-®-Xv kp-
°epw -S-°m-sX t]m-b-Xn-s‚ {]-[m- Im-c-Ww _-lp tc-jv-tKm-]n-bp-sS Po-hn-X-Øn-em-Wv. C-Xn¬ i-c-Xv-Ip-am¿
kz-c-X k-ln-°m-m-hm-Ø n-e-bn-te-°v sN-dp-Xm-bn-t∏m- A`n--bn-® F-S-t®- Ip-¶-s‚ tdmƒ kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ B-
b Ωp-sS Xm-c-kw-kv-Im-c-am-Wv. C-Xn-n-S-bn¬ kw-`-hn- Zyw h-®p-o-´n-b-Xv kp-tc-jv-tKm-]n-°m-bn-cp-∂p F-∂-Xv C-
® "Sz‚n 20' H-c-]-hm-Z-a-√, a-dn-®v A-tX a-kn-ep-I-fp-sS ]p- ∂v ]-c-ky-am-b c-l-ky-am-Wv. B tdmƒ n-c-kn-®-Xn-eq-sS
cm-h¿-Ø--am-bncp∂p. k-Xy-pw -ko-dpw a-[p-hpw D- Hc`n-t-Xm-hn-v B-bp-jv-Im-e-Øn-sem-cn-°¬ am-{Xw e-
Ωdpw jo-e-bpw im-c-Z-bpw P-b-`m-c-Xn-bp-sam-s° H-‰ kn- `n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂ H-cp kn-n-a-bm-Wv kp-tc-jv-tKm-]n-°v -
n-a-bn¬ I-Ym-]m-{X-ß-fm-bn H-cp-an-°p-∂ kw-kv-Im-cw „am-b-Xv.-
Ayw-n-∂p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p F-∂¿-Yw.- Ncn-{Xw F-∂-Xv ]mTw ]Tn-°m-p-≈-X-√ F-∂-Xv N-cn-
kz-¥w C-—m-i-‡n-bpw {]-Xn-`-bpw sIm-≠v Cu {]-Xn- {Xw F-∂pw B-h¿-Øn-®p sX-fn-bn®-Xm-Wv. C-Xn-n-S-bn¬
k‘n-sb "]-g-»n-cm-P'bn-eq-sS a-dn-I-S-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv n-e-n¬-°p-∂ kw-hn-[m--߃-s°-Xn-sc bp-≤w sN-bv-
kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ l-cn-l-c≥. C-sXm-cp a-Ωq-´n kn-n-a-b-√. Xv kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ l-cn-l-c≥ t-Sn-sb-Sp-Ø C-Sw kp-{]-
CXn¬ F-gp-Øp-Im-c-m-b Fw.-Sn. hm-kp-tZ-h≥ m-b-cp- [m--am-Wv. a-e-bm-f-kn-n-a-I-fp-sS n-e-n¬-∏n-pw h-f¿-
≠v. i-c-Xv-Ip-am-dpw a-tm-Pv sI. P-b-pw ]-fl-{]n-b-bpw I- ®°pw. 100 tIm-Sn ap-X¬-ap-S-°n¬ t_m-fn-hp-Uv F-Sp-Ø
n-l-bpw kp-tc-jv-Ir-jv-W-bpw I-Ym-]m-{X-ß-fm-bn-Ø- "ªq' I-≠m-e-dn-bmw 25 tIm-Sn-bp-sS ]-g-»n-cm-P-bp-sS hn-
s∂ Po-hn-°p-∂p. C-f-b-cm-P-bpw H.-F≥.-hn.-bpw ]p-Ø- e. Cnbpw h-en-b kz-]v--߃ a-e-bm-fn-°pw km-[y-
t©-cn-bpw Im-t-jpw d-kq¬ ]q-°p-´n-bpw cmw-m-Yv sj- amsW∂v "]-g-»ncm-P'bn-eq-sS l-cn-l-c≥ sX-fn-bn-
´n-bpw {io-I¿-{]-km-Zpw kz-¥w C-Sw I-s≠-Øp-∂p. tKm- °p∂p.
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