A presentation on Specific Areas of Action: Housing Scenario in India for the course of Housing from students of 10th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (Jan- April 2018)

1. SPECIFIC AREAS OF ACTION
 BA13ARC005 ANKITA KHANTE
 BA13ARC017 HEEROK JOYTI BORBORUAH
 BA13ARC040 RISHABH SRIVASTAVA
 BA13ARC043 SAURABH DEOTALE
 BA13ARC049 PRASAD THANTHRATEY
 BA13ARC050 PAWAN TIRPUDE

2. INFRASTRUCTUR
E

3. INFRASTRUCTURE
 Efforts will be made to encourage
ULBs/Development Authorities and other concerned
agencies to follow the Urban Development Plans
Formulation and Implementation (UDPFI)
Guidelines issued by the Ministry of Urban Affairs
and Employment in 1996 in order to improve the
quality of Master Plans/Development Plans, Zonal
Plans and Local Area Plans of all cities/ towns. The
States will be advised to prepare a dynamic plan with
provision for review every five years.

4. ii) Development of a Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) at
the sub-regional level around Metropolitan cities will be
encouraged.

5.  iii) All States
would be
encouraged to
develop a ‘Habitat
Infrastructure
Action Plan’ for
cities with a
population of
1,00,000.

6. Sustainability Concerns
SPECIFIC AREAS OF ACTION

7. Sustainability Concerns
 Green belts will be
developed around cities with
a view to maintaining the
ecological balance.
 Suitable Green recreational
areas like zoo, lakes and
gardens will be earmarked
/developed for public visits
in the Master Plan of each
city/town.

8.  Water bodies will be protected with special emphasis on keeping the
flood plains of tropical rivers free from construction or
 Efforts will be made to ensure that Master Plans protect large
depressions from being filled up since they are natural drainage
points for conservation of water and can be developed as suitable
water bodies.

9.  Efforts will be made to encourage cities/towns to keep a significant
proportion of the total Master Plan area as ‘green lungs of the city’.
 Efforts will be made to encourage States/UTs to develop Sub-regional /
Special Area Development Plans for areas with fragile ecological
characteristics on the basis of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) so as to
take care of all environmental concerns at the planning stage itself in
consultation with the Ministry of Environment & Forests.
 Growth of a city beyond reasonable limits imposes unbearable strain on its
services. City planners would be encouraged to lay down norms for
development of urban sprawls and satellite townships.

10.  Model bye-laws will be developed to promote the use of
renewable energy sources particularly solar water heating
systems in residential and commercial buildings.
 Poverty and unemployment are detrimental to the well
balanced growth of urban settlements. States/UTs
Governments and local authorities will be encouraged to
formulate and implement poverty alleviation and employment
generation programmes based on skills’ training especially in
the services sector.
 Reduction in the rate of in-migration into mega and metro
cities is urgently needed through preparation of State/UT level
regional Plans based on fast transport corridors for balanced
growth.

11. Employment issues relating to the Housing Sector

12.  Efforts will be made to provide good quality training to construction workers with a view to
improving their skills in tandem with technological advancements in the construction sector.

13.  The Construction Industry is one of the biggest employers of women workers
and is perhaps their biggest exploiter in terms of difference in wages. Concerted
efforts will be made to upgrade the skills of women construction workers, induct
them at supervisory levels and also develop them as contractors. Both public and
private agencies would be encouraged to take a lead in this. Training institutions
will be requested to enrol women trainees on a preferential basis.

14.  Efforts will be made to get States/UTs to enact legislation on the pattern of the
Building & Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment &Conditions of
Service) Act, 1996 of the Central Government with a view to ensuring that
adequate measures are undertaken by employers for the occupational health and
safety of all workers especially women engaged in construction activities. Efforts
will also be made to ensure use of modern techniques and modern safety
equipment at construction sites with strict penalties for non-compliance.
 Construction companies/public authorities will be directed to provide adequate
support services like crèches and temporary rest accommodation with appropriate
toilet facilities at construction sites.

15.  Effort will be made to get States/UTs to enact legislation on the pattern of the
Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Cess Act, 1996 of the Central
Government and ensure adequate provision for skills up gradation of
construction workers.
 States/UTs will be encouraged to adopt a decentralized pattern of training for
ensuring better coverage.

16. Slum Improvement and Upgradation

17.  The Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission has started to play a vital role both in
slum improvement as well as in-situ slum rehabilitation along with provision of security
of tenure, affordable housing and basic services to the urban poor.
 provision of security of tenure, affordable housing and basic services to the urban poor.
 Inner-city slum redevelopment programmes for creating a better environment would be
encouraged with cross subsidization and special incentives.
 Land pooling and sharing arrangements would be encouraged in order to facilitate land
development and improvement of basic amenities in slums.
 Release of Transferable Development Rights and additional FAR would be carefully
considered for accelerating private investment in provision of shelter to the poor.
Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and
Self-Help Groups (SHGs) would be involved in partnership with the Private Sector.

18.  The Policy gives primacy to provision of shelter to the urban poor at their present
location or near their work place and efforts will be made to ensure that rights
provided are non-transferable for a period of 10-15 years.
 Only in cases, where relocation is necessary on account of severe water pollution,
safety problems on account of proximity to rail track or other critical concerns
relocation of slum dwellers will be undertaken. In such cases, special efforts will be
made to ensure fast and reliable transportation to work sites.
 Income generating activities in slums, which are non-polluting, will be encouraged
on a mixed land use basis. Efforts will be made to structure such activities as an
integral part of housing and habitat projects.

19.  The process for integrating the Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY) and the
environment improvement scheme titled National Slum Development Programme
(NSDP) has been undertaken through the Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) in
Mission Cities and Integrated Housing & Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) in
Non-Mission cities. Efforts will be made to remove hurdles faced by the States/UTs in
implementing these integrated schemes. Further, efforts will also be made to enhance
funds under IHSDP as well as develop a new scheme for meeting water, drainage,
sanitation and sewerage concerns in slums located in smaller towns with a population
below 5 lakhs.
 Formation of Group Cooperative Housing Societies of urban poor and slum dwellers will
be encouraged across the country for providing better housing serviced by basic
amenities through thrift and credit based CBOs.

20. ACTION PLAN

21.  The Central Government will encourage and support the States to
prepare a State Urban Housing and Habitat Policy and also a State
Urban Housing & Habitat Action Plan. This may include passing of
specific Acts by the States/UTs (with legislature) for achieving the
housing policy objectives through legal & regulatory reforms, fiscal
concessions, financial sector reforms and innovations in the area of
resource mobilization for housing and related infrastructure
development at the State/UT level.
 In order to augment sustainable and affordable housing stock along with
related infrastructure like water, drainage, sanitation, sewerage, solid
waste management, electricity and transportation, the Action Plans of
States/UTs should focus on accelerated flow of funds for housing
(including various cost-effective slum-related options) and infrastructure.
The State/UT Action Plan should also encourage promotion of
and balanced regional growth, creation of sustainable employment
opportunities, protection of weaker sections/ vulnerable groups
preferably in their present residential location, conservation of
environment and promotion of public private partnerships.

22.  The Central Government will encourage and support the States to prepare a
State Urban Housing and Habitat Policy and also a State Urban Housing
Habitat Action Plan. This may include passing of specific Acts by the
States/UTs (with legislature) for achieving the housing policy objectives
through legal & regulatory reforms, fiscal concessions, financial sector reforms
and innovations in the area of resource mobilization for housing and related
infrastructure development at the State/UT level.
 In order to augment sustainable and affordable housing stock along with
related infrastructure like water, drainage, sanitation, sewerage, solid waste
management, electricity and transportation, the Action Plans of States/UTs
should focus on accelerated flow of funds for housing (including various cost-
effective slum-related options) and infrastructure. The State/UT Action Plan
should also encourage promotion of planned and balanced regional
creation of sustainable employment opportunities, protection of weaker
sections/ vulnerable groups preferably in their present residential
conservation of urban environment and promotion of public private
partnerships.

23.  The State/UT level Policy and Plan should also provide a road map pertaining to
institutional, legal, regulatory and financial initiatives in relation to
(i) supply of land
(ii) modification of Acts/Bye-laws;
(iii) promotion of cost effective building materials and technologies;
(iv)infrastructure development and;
(v) in situ slum development.
 Further, the Action Plan should make specific provision for use of information
technology for planning, MIS & online e-connectivity in a time bound manner.
 The State/UT level Policy and Plan should also indicate concrete steps for motivating,
guiding and encouraging a participatory approach involving all stakeholders like CBOs,
NGOs, State parastatals, ULBs, Cooperative Sector and Private Sector in order to
synergise community, cooperative and private resources along with Government
resources.
 A Monitoring framework at the State/UT level should be set up to periodically review the
implementation of the Policy & concomitant Action Plan.

24.  At the local level, cities should prepare 15-20 years perspective plans in the form of City
Development Plans which take into account the deficiencies in housing and urban
infrastructure with special emphasis on the urban poor & indicate a vision based on
various levels of spatial plans – Master Plan and Zonal Plans, Metropolitan Plan, District Plan
and State/UT based Regional Plan – along with an investment plan for their implementation.
 A High Level Monitoring Committee at the Central Government level would be set up to
periodically review the implementation of the National Urban Housing & Habitat Policy
2007 and make amendments/ modifications considered necessary.

25. UTLIMATE GOALS AND
SALIENT FEATURES

26. ULTIMATE GOALS
 Goal of the policy is Affordable
Housing for All with special emphasis
on the urban poor.
 Strategy framework is multiple
partnership of states with various
stakeholders, cooperatives, employee
welfare housing organization, private
sector, state parastatals.
 Special emphasis has been laid on
minorities, empowerment of women
within the ambit of the urban poor with
emphasis on security of tenure. “Low income families in urban areas is directly linked with the
magnitude of urban poverty,” - the National Urban Housing and
Habitat Policy 2007 – Source : UP Heights

27.  The main goals to be achieved in the next ten years
would be to:
1. reduce houselessness;
2. provide larger supply of developed land and
finance to different income groups;
3. promote use of appropriate and energy saving
building materials and cost effective construction
technologies;
4. assist in the upgradation of all unserviceable
house in rural and urban areas, with a view to
particularly improving the housing conditions of
the rural
5. homeless and the inadequately housed, slum
dwellers, Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes,
and other vulnerable sections;
6. provide the minimum level o f basic services and
amenities to ensure a healthy environment within
the framework of integrated development of rural
and urban settlements
Two faces of India - This favela (shanti town) on the left is ironically
called Paraisópolis (Paradise city). Photo: Tuca Vieira
ULTIMATE GOALS

28. 1. Focus of the Policy is on affordable urban housing with special
emphasis on the urban poor.
2. Role of Housing and provision of basic services to the urban poor
has been integrated into the objectives of the Jawaharlal Nehru
Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM).
3. Special emphasis has been laid on scheduled castes / tribes /
backward classes/ minorities, empowerment of women within the
ambit of the urban poor.
4. The policy focuses on a symbiotic development of rural and urban
areas in line with the objectives of the 74th Constitution Amendment
Act.
5. Within the overarching goal of “Affordable Housing for All,” emphasis
has been laid on urban planning, increase supply of land, use of
spatial incentives like additional Floor Area Ratio (FAR), Transferable
Development Rights, etc., increased flow of funds, healthy
environment, effective solid waste management and use of renewal
sources of energy.
6. Encouraging integrated townships and special economic zones.
7. Between 10 per cent and 15 per cent of land in every new public /
private housing projects or 20 per cent to 25 per cent FAR whichever
is greater to be reserved for EWS/LIG Housing through appropriate
spatial incentives.
8. Private Sector to be permitted land assembly within the purview of
master plans. action plans for urban slum dwellers and special
package for cooperative housing, labor housing and employees
housing is to be prepared.
Low cost urban housing is vital for transforming the landscape
of our cities. (https://twitter.com/kaushikcbasu)
SALIENT FEATURES

29. Poor Indian Child-Posted on July 13, 2013 by
saimonchowdhury
9. States to be advised to develop 10 years perspective plan
for housing of economically weaker sections and low
income groups.
10. Policy gives primacy to provision of shelter to urban poor
at their present location or near their work place.
11. Approach will be in-situ slum rehabilitation. Relocation
will be considered only in specific cases.
12. Micro finance institutions to be promoted at state level to
expedite flow of finances to urban poor.
13. Model municipal laws to be prepared by the central
government.
14. Detailed city maps to be prepared based on GIS, aerial
survey and ground verification.
15. Use of proven cost effective technology and building
materials to be encouraged.
16. Development of mass rapid transit system at sub-regional
level envisaged.
17. Green cover for cities to be encouraged for balanced
ecological development.
18. All States to be encouraged to develop a “habitat
infrastructure action plan” for all cities with a population
of over one lakh.

30. THANK YOU !