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Identifying Case in English Sentences
Case Functions Nominative Subject or Predicative Nominative Genitive Possession Dative Indirect Object Accusative Direct Object Ablative Means or Instrument (by which action of verb is accomplished)
The queen’s cook baked the guests some cookies. Cook Cookies Guests Queen Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Note:  “Cookies” is the direct object.  “Guests” is the indirect object.  If “Guests” were the direct object, the queen might have been mad with her cook for sticking her guests in the oven!    Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The cook of the queen baked some cookies for the guests.
The man built his children a treehouse. Children Man	 Treehouse Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Note:  “Treehouse” is the direct object.  “Children” is the indirect object.  Unless his children are robots, he probably didn’t build them.   Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The man built a treehouse for his children.
The family’s butler serves the children dinner by means of a tray. Butler Children Dinner Family Tray Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The butler of the family serves dinner to the children with a tray.
The pirates attack the sailors’ ship with their cannons. Cannons Pirates Sailors Ship Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Note:  Ship is singular, but Sailors is plural.  “navemnautārum” Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The pirates attack the ship of the sailors by means of their cannons.
Grandma bought presents for her grandchildren with her credit card. Credit card Grandchildren Grandma Presents Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
Jo’s doctor showed the x-ray to his mother by means of the light box. Doctor Jo Light box Mother X-ray Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
Mary’s cat licked her kittens’ fur with her tongue. Cat Fur	 Kittens Mary Tongue Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
The brother and sister picked a present for their cousin’s birthday. Birthday Brother	 Cousin Present Sister Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
The king’s hound hunts the fox with its nose. Fox Hound	 King Nose Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
The girls write their dad letters with crayons. Crayons Dad	 Girls Letters Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
The children picked up their socks and shoes. Children Shoes	 Socks Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

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Latin I / Intro to Latin: Identifying case (English sentences)

  • 1. Identifying Case in English Sentences
  • 2. Case Functions Nominative Subject or Predicative Nominative Genitive Possession Dative Indirect Object Accusative Direct Object Ablative Means or Instrument (by which action of verb is accomplished)
  • 3. The queen’s cook baked the guests some cookies. Cook Cookies Guests Queen Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Note: “Cookies” is the direct object. “Guests” is the indirect object. If “Guests” were the direct object, the queen might have been mad with her cook for sticking her guests in the oven!  Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The cook of the queen baked some cookies for the guests.
  • 4. The man built his children a treehouse. Children Man Treehouse Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Note: “Treehouse” is the direct object. “Children” is the indirect object. Unless his children are robots, he probably didn’t build them.  Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The man built a treehouse for his children.
  • 5. The family’s butler serves the children dinner by means of a tray. Butler Children Dinner Family Tray Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The butler of the family serves dinner to the children with a tray.
  • 6. The pirates attack the sailors’ ship with their cannons. Cannons Pirates Sailors Ship Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Note: Ship is singular, but Sailors is plural. “navemnautārum” Remember, the sentence can be rearranged as: The pirates attack the ship of the sailors by means of their cannons.
  • 7. Grandma bought presents for her grandchildren with her credit card. Credit card Grandchildren Grandma Presents Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
  • 8. Jo’s doctor showed the x-ray to his mother by means of the light box. Doctor Jo Light box Mother X-ray Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
  • 9. Mary’s cat licked her kittens’ fur with her tongue. Cat Fur Kittens Mary Tongue Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
  • 10. The brother and sister picked a present for their cousin’s birthday. Birthday Brother Cousin Present Sister Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
  • 11. The king’s hound hunts the fox with its nose. Fox Hound King Nose Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
  • 12. The girls write their dad letters with crayons. Crayons Dad Girls Letters Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
  • 13. The children picked up their socks and shoes. Children Shoes Socks Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative