Cancer

1. Lecture Notes 5
Cancer
Classroom Activity to Accompany
Diseases of the Human Body
Fifth Edition
Carol D. Tamparo Marcia A. Lewis

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3. In the hour of adversity be not
without hope, for crystal rain
falls from black clouds.
—Persian Poem
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4. Cancer
• Neoplasm: (tumor) new growth; serves no
useful purpose; uncontrollable and
progressive
• Benign: localized; rarely fatal
• Malignant: invasive; grows rapidly
• Metastasis: cells move from one place to
another
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5. Cancer
• Which term refers to a neoplasm whose
cells have moved from one place to
another?
1. Malignant
2. Benign
3. Metastasis
4. In situ
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6. Cancer
• Etiology of cancer
• Complex alterations in DNA
• Carcinogens
• Age and genetics
• Compromised immune system
• Body weight and diet
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7. Cancer
• Etiology of cancer (cont.)
• Exercise and physical activity
• Environment
• Viruses
• Bacterial infections
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8. Cancer
• Classification of cancers
• Carcinoma: solid tumors of epithelial tissue
• Sarcoma: tumors of connective and
supportive tissue
• Cancers of blood and lymph
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9. Cancer
• Diagnosis
• Tumor markers
• Grading: grades I, II, III, IV
• Staging uses TNM classification
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10. Cancer
• Treatment
• Surgery
• Curative
• Palliative
• Preventative
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
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11. Cancer
• Treatment (cont.)
• Immunotherapy (biotherapy)
• Hormonal therapy
• Stem cell and bone marrow transplants
• Integrative and complementary therapies
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12. Cancer
• Preventing cancer
• Refrain from tobacco
• Practice sun safety
• Eat healthy
• Exercise regularly
• Get vaccinated
• Avoid risky behaviors
• Practice self-examination and screening
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13. Credits
Publisher: Margaret Biblis
Acquisitions Editor: Andy McPhee
Developmental Editors: Yvonne Gillam, Julie Munden
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The publisher is not responsible for errors of omission or for consequences from application of information in this presentation,
and makes no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to its content. Any practice described in this presentation should be
applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used with regard to the unique circumstances that may
apply in each situation.
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