Web Technology Trends (early 2009)
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A look ahead to the web technology trends in the areas of the semantic web, development tools and cloud computing in 2009.
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Web Technology Trends (early 2009)
- 1. Web Technology Trends Prodosh Banerjee, Managing Partner, Anolim http://anolim.com web applications, services & solutions for: collaboration, marketing / communications, social media, knowledge sharing, e-commerce
- 2. What Trend? 2 Source: Geek and Poke (http://www.geekandpoke.com) Creative Commons Licensed
- 3. Context 3
- 4. Context 4
- 5. Why Trends? 5
- 6. Semantic Web (Web 3.0) Web Application Development Web / Cloud Platforms Web Technology Trends 6
- 7. Find inter related data more easily Online analysis More automation: allow the computers to do more Semantic Web: Why? 7
- 8. Question related to Alzheimers: What proteins are involved in signal transduction and are related to pyramidal neurons Search Engine: 223‘000 hits, 0 results Linked healthcare data: 32 hits, 32 results Why Semantic Web: Example 8 Source: Tim Berners-Lee TED Presentation http://www.w3.org/2009/Talks/0204-ted-tbl/
- 9. Semantic Web 9 Source: http://www.usingmyhead.com/2007/07/31/my-definition-of-the-semantic-web/
- 10. From a web of documents ... to a web of things “Things” can be: people, places, videos, events ... RDFa: meta data markup for linking “things” uses attributes from XHTML's meta and link elements Representation: Triple: Subject, Predicate, Object Semantic Web - what it is: markup 10
- 11. <?xml version=quot;1.0quot; encoding=quot;UTF-8quot;?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//ENquot; quot;http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtdquot;> <html xmlns=quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtmlquot; xmlns:foaf=quot;http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/quot; xmlns:dc=quot;http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/quot; xml:lang=quot;enquot;> <head> <title>John's Home Page</title> <base href=quot;http://example.org/john-d/quot; /> <meta property=quot;dc:creatorquot; content=quot;Jonathan Doequot; /> </head> <body> <h1>John's Home Page</h1> <p>My name is <span property=quot;foaf:nickquot;>John D</span> and I like <a href=quot;http://www.neubauten.org/quot; rel=quot;foaf:interestquot; xml:lang=quot;dequot;>Einstürzende Neubauten</a>. </p> <p> My <span rel=quot;foaf:interestquot; resource=quot;urn:ISBN:0752820907quot;>favorite book</span> is the inspiring <span about=quot;urn:ISBN:0752820907quot;><cite property=quot;dc:titlequot;>Weaving the Web</cite> by <span property=quot;dc:creatorquot;>Tim Berners-Lee</span></span> </p> XHTML and RDFa Example 11 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDFa#XHTML.2BRDFa_1.0_example
- 12. Semantic Web: Linked Documents 12 http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/bizer/pub/lod-datasets_2009-03-05.html
- 13. Query the web of related things like a database with: SPARQL: The query language of the semantic Web Semantic Web - what it is: query language 13
- 14. The following simple SPARQL query returns all country capitals in Africa: PREFIX abc: <http://example.com/exampleOntology#> SELECT ?capital ?country WHERE { ?x abc:cityname ?capital ; abc:isCapitalOf ?y . ?y abc:countryname ?country ; abc:isInContinent abc:Africa . } Variables are indicated by a quot;?quot; or quot;$quot; prefix. Bindings for ?capital and the ? country will be returned. The SPARQL query processor will search for sets of triples that match these four triple patterns, binding the variables in the query to the corresponding parts of each triple. In this query, the prefix quot;abcquot; stands for “http://example.com/ exampleOntology#”. SPARQL Example 14 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparql
- 15. Web Technology Trends 15
- 16. Semantic Web (Web 3.0) Web Application Development Web / Cloud Platforms Web Technology Trends 16
- 17. Web Content Frameworks Web Programming Language Web Application Development 17
- 18. Content (Semantic) web of linked content Web Content Frameworks Data Why reinvent the wheel? Use content technology Storage Web Content Frameworks 18
- 19. Web Content Frameworks 19
- 20. Drupal: Modular, open source, > 2000 plug-in modules, standards compliant, interfaces to many web services Dynamic Content Types and Queries, Taxonomies, Tagging, Collaboration, Communities, Photo, Video, Music, Web Interfaces, Blogs, Forums, Programmable Layouts Very large, active community Users: MTV, Sony-BMG, US Govt, NY Observer, Amazee, Edipresse, DRS, Now Public, Team Sugar, Harvard, Popular Science, NASA Web Content Frameworks: Drupal 20
- 21. Alfresco: Enterprise Content Management, Open Source Document and Content Management, Workflows, Collaboration, Interoperability Services, Records Management, Image Management Strong backers: SAP Ventures & other Investors Users: CH Bundesgericht, Kt. Waadt, American Stock Exchange, Harvard, McGraw Hill, Swisscom Mobile Labs, Electronic Arts, Shimano, Lausanne City Enterprise Content Management: Alfresco 21
- 22. Easy to manipulate web interfaces Easy to do Web GUIs Parallel processing: Functional Programming Map - Reduce algorithm Web Programming Languages: Requirements 22
- 23. Web Programming Language: Use Case 23
- 24. Trendy: Ruby on Rails: DRY, CoC, OO, FP Python: OO, FP, reflective, clear syntax Established: Java, PHP (>= v5): OO, reflective C++, Eiffel: OO Trendy Web Programming Languages 24
- 25. Python: Google, YouTube, NASA, New York Stock Exchange Ruby on Rails: Hulu, Twitter, Basecamp PHP (LAMP): Yahoo, Facebook, Wikipedia, Lufthansa (GUI), used by 35% of web sites Java: Amazon, Ebay, Gmail C++: Google / .Net: MySpace Web Programming Languages 25
- 26. Web Programming Language Trends 26
- 27. Semantic Web (Web 3.0) Web Application Development Web Content Frameworks Web Programming Languages Web / Cloud Platforms Web Technology Trends 27
- 28. Platform as a service: You can run your Windows/.Net or LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP), Ruby, Python or other stack on the computing resources provided as a service Amazon AWS: EC2, EBS, S3 Web / Cloud Platforms 28
- 29. OS: Linux 7, Windows 2 Web server: Apache 7, IIS 2, Lighttpd 2 Scripting: PHP 4, Perl 4, ASP.NET 2, Python 1, Java 1 Database: MySQL 7, SQL Server 1 (possibly 2) Source: Pingdom: (http://royal.pingdom.com/2007/08/22/what-nine-of-the-world%E2%80%99s-largest-websites-are-running-on/) Large Web Sites: Platform Trends 29
- 30. Linux, Apache, MySQL, Programming Language Large PHP, Python Sites: Yahoo, Google Ruby: Hulu, Twitter, Basecamp, Scribd Large .Net Sites: Myspace.com, Live.com Large Java Sites: eBay, Amazon, Gmail Large Web Sites: Platform Trends 30
- 31. Service as a platform: Google App Engine: Python only Microsoft Azure (end-2009): Windows, .NET, Live Mesh, MSSQL, Sharepoint, PHP Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Hadoop) Web / Cloud Platforms 31
- 32. Semantic Web (Web 3.0) Web Application Development Web / Cloud Platforms Follow Up: http://anolim.com/blog/web-technology-trends Web Technology Trends 32
- 33. Why are so many big web sites running LAMP, Python, Ruby on Rails and not Java? Why is Java preferred in the Enterprise? Public Web vs. Enterprise differences Why is the semantic web important? What are your thoughts? Q&A, Discussion 33
- 34. Semantic Web Stack 34 http://www.w3.org/2004/Talks/0923-sb-whoiw3c/slide23-0.html
Notas do Editor
- Prodosh Banerjee, Managing Partner, Anolim Anolim develops web applications and provides services and solutions for: collaboration, marketing / communications, social media, knowledge sharing, e-commerce I have been working in IT since 1985 as a manager, consultant, developer Director & Head of IT, E-Services UBS Assest Management, Consultant Swiss Exchange, IBM Software Labs Worked with the Internet since 1996 when I started development of an Internet Banking solution
- Show Yahoo semantic search: “dries drupal”
- Resource Description Framework in attributes RDFa uses attributes from XHTML's meta and link elements, and generalises them so that they are usable on all elements. Example: <div xmlns:dc=\"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/\" about=\"http://www.example.com/books/wikinomics\"> <span property=\"dc:title\">Wikinomics</span> <span property=\"dc:creator\">Don Tapscott</span> <span property=\"dc:date\">2006-10-01</span> </div> Simple Dublin Core The Simple Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES) consists of 15 metadata elements: 1. Title 2. Creator 3. Subject 4. Description 5. Publisher 6. Contributor 7. Date 8. Type 9. Format 10. Identifier 11. Source 12. Language 13. Relation 14. Coverage 15. Rights
- Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language
- Important to note here is the \"property orientation\" (class matches can be conducted solely through class-attributes / properties - see Duck typing) To make queries concise, SPARQL allows the definition of prefixes and base URIs in a fashion similar to Turtle. In this query, the prefix \"abc\" stands for “http://example.com/exampleOntology#”.
- There are content tools for almost everything We will look at Drupal, Alfresco
- FP has no side effects FP - running functions in every order produces same results FP is useful for parallel processing Map Reduce is used by Google Map - Reduce: an algorithm for executing packages in parallel Map: split into parallel processing packages and produce intermediate output Reduce: combine intermediate output to produce final output
- DRY: Don’t repeat yourself CoC: Convention over Configuration Reflection: ability to modify code and data
- Largest in absolute numbers are Java, C++, C# small but steady growth in C#, C++ steady, some recent growth in Java
- Why are so many big web sites running LAMP, Python, Ruby on Rails and not Java? Challenge: large number of evolving and new web interfaces. Large communities are great at implementing these interfaces quickly.Established open source projects typically have large communities. Enterprise: smaller number of stable interfaces: stability and support important