1. Destructions In Our Bodies Of Water

3. Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning “harbor wave,”
used as the scientific term for a class of abnormal sea
wave that can cause catastrophic damage when it hits a
coastline. Tsunamis can be generated by an undersea
earthquake, an undersea landslide, the eruption of an
undersea volcano, or by the force of an asteroid
crashing into the ocean. The most frequent cause of
tsunamis is an undersea earthquake. When the ocean
floor is uplifted or offset during an earthquake, a set of
waves is created similar to the concentric waves
generated by an object dropped into the water. Most
tsunamis originate along the Ring of Fire, a zone of
volcanoes and seismic activity, 32,500 km (24,000 mi)
long, which encircles the Pacific Ocean.

17. Tidal waves are the large-scale periodic ocean
waves that travel around the planet in response to
the gravitational attraction of the earth and moon,
and the earth and sun. Gravitational attraction
between two objects is regulated by the mass of
the two objects divided by the square of the
distance between them. So, although the mass of
the sun is 27 million times greater than the mass
of the moon, the moon has the dominant influence
over the timing of the tides because the great
distance to the sun diminishes its gravitational
influence relative to the moon.

24. Storm surges are domes of water that
rise underneath hurricanes or cyclones
and cause extensive coastal flooding
when the storms reach land. Storm
surges are particularly devastating if
they occur at high tide. A cyclone and
accompanying storm surge killed an
estimated 500,000 people in
Bangladesh in 1970.

33. Oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon
into the environment, especially marine areas, due to
human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is
mostly used to describe marine oil spills, where oil is
released into the ocean or coastal waters. Oil spills may be
due to releases of crude oil from tankers, offshore
platforms, drilling rigs and wells, as well as spills of
refined petroleum products (such as gasoline, diesel) and
their by-products, heavier fuels used by large ships such
as bunker fuel, or the spill of any oily refuse or waste oil.
Another significant route by which oil enters the marine
environment is through natural oil seeps.
Oil spills can be controlled by chemical dispersion,
combustion, mechanical containment, and/or adsorption.
Spills may take weeks, months or even years to clean up.

36. Accidents:
 There is often a large oil loss in accidents, up to
1/5 have an oil loss of over 700 tones.
• Collisions - a common accident with 475
occurring between 1974-1999
• Hull failures - these accidents have occurred the
most between 1974-1999, with 671 hull failures
between these two years
• Fires and explosions - this is the most uncommon
type of accident, only occurring 154 times
between 1974-1999
• Groundings - a common accident with 518
occurring between 1974-1999, and the greatest
number of oil losses over 700 tones

37. Operations:
 Most oil losses occur when ships are carrying out
routine operations at ports or oil terminals, but the
majority of such spills are small, with 93% of them
producing a spillage of less than 7 tonnes.
• Loading/discharging - commonest cause of oil
spillages (either during routine operations or
resulting from accidents), with 3070 occurring
between 1974-1999
• Bunkering - the least common operational oil loss
with only 566 occurring between 1974-1999

42. Dynamite fishing is also called “Blast Fishing”.
It the practice of using explosives to stun or
kill schools of fish for easy collection. This
often illegal practice can be extremely
destructive to the surrounding ecosystem, as
the explosion often destroys the underlying
habitat (such as coral reefs) that supports the
fish. The frequently improvised nature of the
explosives used also means danger for the
fishermen as well, with accidents and injuries.

43. DYNAMITE FISHING

45. Poverty is a major problem in our country today. This
is an issue that leads to other issues, especially in far-
flung communities. Because of poverty, people living
near the sea or those who make fishing their source
of living resort to desperate measures to augment
their income. Engaging in dynamite fishing is one of
these “desperate measures.”

46. Many people are not aware of the consequence of
their use of dynamites in fishing. Others do not care.
Many think only about the money, forgetting about the
effects of what they do to their environment, their
world.

47. Dynamite fishing is an alarming phenomenon
because of its adverse effects on the
ecosystem. But some people say they cannot
avoid engaging in the practice because there
are no other job opportunities for them. Some
fisher folk say it’s better to go to the sea and
fish (using whatever means, including
dynamites) than doing nothing at all.

48. There are some people who are educated,
who have the money, but are lazy and greedy.
They want easy money, so they resort to the
use of dynamites. Greed also drives people to
use the illegal method so that they will more
catch in a short period of time.

49. Among all these reasons, lack of discipline is the
most important. It doesn’t really matter if a person
is poor, uneducated, or there is no opportunity for
work. What is important is they have discipline.
There might be no jobs, but they can still catch fish
by using other means.

54. Water Pollution
Water Pollution is the contamination of streams, lakes,
underground waters, bays, or oceans by substances
harmful to living things. Water is necessary to life on
earth. All organisms contain it; some live in it; some drink
it. Plants and animals require water that is moderately
pure, and they cannot survive if their water is loaded with
toxic chemicals or harmful microorganisms. If severe,
water pollution can kill large numbers of fish, birds, and
other animals, in some cases killing all members of a
species in an affected area. Pollution makes streams,
lakes, and coastal waters unpleasant to look at, to smell,
and to swim in. Fish and shellfish harvested from polluted
waters may be unsafe to eat. People who ingest polluted
water can become ill, and, with prolonged exposure, may
develop cancers or bear children with birth defects.

67. Jan Fay – Leader
Aidan Alyssa
Jan Kyler Crissel
Russel Irah
Patricia
Rose
Shane L.
Shane M.