1. CONTAINERISATION :
AN INTROduCTION
SUBMITTED BY,
Astha Pathak
Roll no: 66

2. HISTORY OF CONTAINERISATION
• Containerization started in England in 18 th
century
• In olden days wooden containers were used
• The horse-drawn wheeled wagons on the
Gangway took the form of containers, which,
loaded with coal, could be transshipped from
canal barges on the Derby Canal
• First vessels purpose-built to carry containers
began operation in Denmark in 1951

3. CONTAINERISATION INITIATION
• Obtaining Order of shipment
• Withdrawing the cargo from warehouse
• Packaging and lifting the cargo manually
and by equipments
• Unitizing of cargo and transporting it to
the port/ place of pickup.
• Multiple handling – Can result in delay and
loss.

4. WHAT IS CONTAINERISATION
• It is a system of inter-modal cargo transport using
standard ISO containers that can be loaded on
containerships , railroad cars/trains and trucks
• At the beginning containers were made of Steel
frames with either Aluminium , Steel or Fibre
Glass.
• The 3 common standard lengths 20’ ( 6.1M) , 40’
( 12.2M ) or 45’ (13.7M)
• Container capacity of Ships, Yards , Terminals are
measured in TEU = Twenty foot Equivalent Units
or FEU = Forty foot Equivalent Units .

5. Pictorial flowchart
Shipper books WHL advises port depot to
shipment with WHL release empty to Shipper Port depot releases Released empty is taken
At Shipper’s premises
empty to Shipper to Shipper’s premises
shipment stuffed into Contr.
laden box taken to vsl side
Stuffed laden box upon
for loading
Stuffed laden box returned return to port is stacked in
At Shipper’s premises
to port by Shipper CY
shipment stuffed into
Contr.
laden box is loaded to vsl
Ship sails out with the
shipment

6. Types of Containers:
VENTILATED Ideal for cargo
CONTAINER requiring ventilation
20'
BULK CONTAINER For bulk cargoes
20'
TANK CONTAINER For transportation of
20' liquid chemicals and
food stuffs

7. Continued……
FLAT RACK For over width and heavy
20' and 40' cargo
PLATFORM For extra length and heavy
20' and 40' cargo
INSULATED For additional insulation of
CONTAINER sensitive cargo
20' and 40'

8. Continued…..
DRY FREIGHT General purpose
CONTAINER container
20' and 40'
HIGH CUBE CONTAINER 9'6" High - For over
40' and 45' height and voluminous
cargo
OPEN TOP CONTAINER Removable tarpaulin for
20' and 40' top loading of over
height cargo

9. Continued…….
REEFER CONTAINER For cooling, freezing or
20' and 40' heating of foods or
chemicals
9'6" High - For over
HIGH CUBE REEFER height and voluminous
CONTAINER cargo requiring cooling
40' and 45' or freezing

10. ADVANTAGE
• Time Saving
• Flexibility between different types of
transport
• Handling eliminated
• Labour Saving
• Little Damage
• Special containers
• Avoid Thefts & Pilferage

11. DISADVANTAGE
• Cost at Labours
• Not suitable to transport smaller amount of
goods
• Delays in delivery
• Heavy loads- damaged roads