4. *
National Terrorism involves
groups whose terrorist
activities are directed at
elements of our government
without foreign involvement.
Mumbai attack in march
1993 is a primary example.
5. International terrorism
involves groups whose
terrorist activities are
foreign-based and/or
directed by countries or
groups outside the United
States.
Sept. 11 is an example of
International Terrorism.
6. OSAMA BIN LADEN :
1998 United States embassy bombings in
August 7, 1998
Killed by U.S. Navy Seals in a compound
in Abbottabad, Pakistan
announced dead May 2, 2011
He was placed on the Most Wanted Terrorists
list for his involvement in the bombings of the
U.S. embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar es
Salaam, Tanzania.
9. 7/11 MUMBAITRAINBLASTS
Location : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Date : 11 July 2006 , 18:24 – 18:35 (UTC+05:30)
Target : mumbai western line
Attack type : Train Bombings
Weapons : pressure cooker bombs
Deaths : 209
Non fatal injuries : approx. 714
10. 9/11ATTACKS
Location : New York City, New York ,U.S. ; Arlington County, Virginia,
U.S.; Stonycreek Township near Shanksville , Pennsylvania ,U.S.
Date: September 11, 2001; 15 years ago , 8:46 a.m. – 10:28 a.m.
Target: World Trade Center , (AA11 and UA 175) , The Pentagon
(AA77) , White House or U.S. Capitol , (UA 93; failed)
Attacktype: Aircraft hijackings, Suicide attacks , Mass murder ,
Terrorism
Deaths: 2,996 (2,977 victims + 19 hijackers)
Non-fatalinjuries: 6,000+
Perpetrators: al-Qaeda[1] (see also responsibility and hijackers)
No.of participants: 19
11. CAUSES OF TERRORISM
Social and political injustice
The belief that violence or its threat will be effective
Religious
Illiteracy
Injustice
12. CausesOf Terrorism:(contd.)
Social and political injustice:
People choose terrorism when they are trying to
right what they perceive to be a social or political
or historical wrong—when they have been stripped
of their land or rights, or denied these.
For instant, the Irish Republican Army (IRA)
bombed English target in the 1980s to make the
point that they felt their land was colonized by
British imperialists.
13. CausesOf Terrorism:(contd.)
The belief that violence or its threat will be
effective: Another way of saying this is: the
belief that violent means justify the ends. Many
terrorists in history said sincerely that they
choose violence after long deliberation, because
they felt they had no choice.
Religious: perhaps the most commonly held
belief today is that terrorism is caused by
religion. Though it is not the main cause for
terrorism, religion does play a significant role in
driving some forms of it.
14. CausesOf Terrorism:(contd.)
Illiteracy: Lack of education amongst the people has been
put forward as a prime reason of terrorism. Uneducated
person are easy to be persuaded to commit the crime
because they have no high ability of thinking.
Injustice: Injustice is a cause of terrorism. People get offended
and hurt by the justice system that they choose to resort to acts of
violence in order to protest the on-going injustice. There is no
cure to fixing the justice system to ensure that everyone is happy,
but injustice is a cause of terrorism.
16. Impact of Terrorism:
Economic impact:
we can see that every terrorism event always killed the
innocent people, destroyed public properties, and
individual properties.
The large amount of money has been used to repair the
loss of infrastructures.
The investigators are afraid to do the business because
they worry about safety.
Government spending on security has also increased.
For example, September 11 Attacks
Loss of life and property cost insurance companies close to US$40
million
Losses of business to the airline industry as people were afraid of
flying following the incidents.
17. Impact of Terrorism:
Society impact:
Terrorism poses a serious law and order problem
and leads to disintegration of society.
The incident of murder, torture, mutilation,
kidnapping, arson and extortion create atmosphere
of suspicion, fear and panic all around. Life becomes
uncertain.
The terrorists kill unarmed civilians including
women and children.
18. Impact of Terrorism:
Political impact:
In general, terrorism makes world politics more
complicated and difficult.
This is because terrorism can cause very important
problems even though terrorist groups are not
clearly linked to states.
The presence of non-state actors who can have a real
impact on the world makes world politics more
difficult.
19. Prevention of Terrorism
• Education!!!
• Eliminate the root of terrorism
Primary
prevention:
• Establish surveillance and
monitoring system on terrorism
attack
• Improve protective system for
citizens
Secondary
prevention:
• Early detection of the sources
• Prevent the extension of
impairments
• Rescue the survivors
• Console the rest of the population
tertiary
prevention:
20. CONCLUSION
Terrorism is unlawful act
Terrorism has a long history of being
used to achieve political, religious and
ideological objectives
Terrorism can be conducted through
firearms, explosive devices and biological,
chemical, nuclear materials
Even through the events of 2001,the risk
of dying from terrorism has remained
much lower than that from motor
vehicles, smoking, and alcoholic beverage.