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Concept maps: types, use, software Nadia Spang Bovey, Faculté des Lettres - RISET

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Menu <ul><li>Introduction: information visualization </li></ul><ul><li>Why represent knowledge? </li></ul><ul><li>Building the concept map: basics (25 min.) </li></ul><ul><li>Practicalities: identifying a suitable software (20 min.) </li></ul>

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1 – Information visualization

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Types of visual representations <ul><li>Data </li></ul><ul><li>Information </li></ul><ul><li>Concepts, ideas </li></ul><ul><li>Strategy </li></ul><ul><li>Metaphor </li></ul><ul><li>Compound </li></ul>PROCESS STRUCTURE

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Types of maps <ul><li>Overview : Ref: www.visual-literacy.org </li></ul><ul><li>Project USI/St-Gallen/Geneva/Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz </li></ul>

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Vocabulary… Concept map Knowledge map Semantic network Domain map Causation map Mindmap Decision tree Argument map System map Flow chart

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2 – Why represent knowledge? A highly individual decision

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Use in teaching and research <ul><li>Identifying relationships between concept makes learning meaningful </li></ul><ul><li>Facilitates understanding, retention and recall </li></ul><ul><li>Knowledge and reasoning are better structured </li></ul><ul><li>Knowledge is processed and actively revised </li></ul><ul><li>Provides cognitive amplification by filtering </li></ul><ul><li>Allows for reflexive thinking, self-dialogue and creative associations </li></ul><ul><li>Stimulates the exploration/resolution of cognitive conflicts </li></ul>

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Contexts of use <ul><li>Delivered by teacher </li></ul><ul><li>presentation </li></ul><ul><li>summary </li></ul><ul><li>organisation </li></ul><ul><li>… </li></ul><ul><li>Constructed by student(s) </li></ul><ul><li>taking notes </li></ul><ul><li>comparison with peers </li></ul><ul><li>organisation </li></ul><ul><li>revising </li></ul><ul><li>… </li></ul><ul><li>For one’s own work </li></ul><ul><li>identifying ideas and processes </li></ul><ul><li>summary of previous knowledge </li></ul><ul><li>organisation of documentation </li></ul><ul><li>sharing and collaborating </li></ul><ul><li>… </li></ul>

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Are you regularly drawing concept maps ? What for ? Will someone give an example ?

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3 - Building the concept map A highly individual process

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Choice I: Segmentation is called a proposition LINK (nature of relationship) can be color coded A concept map = a series of propositions NODE (concept) (idea) = word (s) can be color or form coded NODE (concept) (idea) = word (s) can be color or form coded this

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Choice II - Coding

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http://savonlinnakampus.joensuu.fi/ahlberg/index.htm

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Choice III: Hierarchy Tree form (central concept, clusters) Free form (network, system)

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How to make concept mapping a fruitful exercise <ul><li>Students need to produce maps; the more they do it, the better they’ll understand the process. </li></ul><ul><li>Begin with a simple topic , using a small number of concepts. </li></ul><ul><li>Work through example(s) with the group, modifying the map where necessary. </li></ul><ul><li>Emphasize the importance of thinking about all possible links. </li></ul><ul><li>Emphasize the importance of writing down the nature of the links. </li></ul><ul><li>Emphasize that there is no single “correct” answer ; often more than one appropriate link. </li></ul><ul><li>Emphasize the importance of using arrows and their direction in describing the proposition. </li></ul>From http://www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~johnson/misconceptions/ce/learn/concept_map.htm

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4 - Practicalities Information Design Taxonomy - KARABEG D, GUESCINI R., “Polyscopic Topic Maps-based Flexible and Exploratory Learning, in IPSI TRANSACTIONS ON ADVANCED RESEARCH, Vol 1, No 2, FALL 2005 , p 6

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How many of you use… MindManager or FreeMind ? Inspiration ? CMapTools ? PersonalBrain ? Compendium ? Other software ?

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Types of software Concept map editor Mindmapping software Information organizer Presentation software Diagram and concept maps online tool Which one ?

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Concept map editors <ul><li>A concept map editor , like </li></ul><ul><li>[Commercial] Inspiration ( http://www.inspiration.com/ ) </li></ul><ul><li>[multiplatform freeware] CmapTools ( http:// cmap.ihmc.us / ) </li></ul><ul><li>Compendium ( http:// www.compendiuminstitute.org / ) </li></ul><ul><li>Vue ( http:// vue.uit.tufts.edu / ) </li></ul><ul><li>[GNU GPL-licenced] Conzilla ( http:// www.conzilla.org / ) in Java </li></ul>

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Inspiration 8

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CMapTools

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CMapTools

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Compendium

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Compendium

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VUE

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VUE

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Online tools <ul><li>Online diagram and concept mapping tools , like </li></ul><ul><li>Gliffy (www.gliffy.com), </li></ul><ul><li>Mind42 ( http://www.mind42.com/ ) </li></ul><ul><li>Comapping ( http:// comapping.com / ) </li></ul><ul><li>Mindomo ( http:// www.mindomo.com / ) </li></ul><ul><li>ExploraTree ( http:// www.exploratree.org.uk / ) </li></ul><ul><li>FlowChart ( http:// www.flowchart.com / ) </li></ul><ul><li>MindMeister ( http:// www.mindmeister.com / ) </li></ul>

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http://www.gliffy.com/publish/1044845/L Gliffy online

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Mind mapping software <ul><li>Freeware , like </li></ul><ul><li>FreeMind ( http:// freemind.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page ) Thinkgraph ( http:// www.thinkgraph.com ) VYM - View Your Mind ( http://www.insilmaril.de/vym ) or Kdissert ( http://freehackers.org/~tnagy/kdissert/ ) [Linux only] </li></ul><ul><li>Commercial software , like </li></ul><ul><li>Inspiration ( http:// www.inspiration.com / ) MindManager ( http:// www.mindjet.com / ) </li></ul><ul><li>MindGenius ( http:// www.mindgenius.com / ) Visual Mind ( http://www.visual-mind.com / ) MindMapper ( http:// www.mindmapperusa.com / ) </li></ul>

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Inspiration 8

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Information organizers <ul><li>PersonalBrain ( http://www.thebrain.com/ ) </li></ul><ul><li>InfoRapid KnowledgeMap ( http://www.inforapid.de/html/knowledgemapeng.htm ) </li></ul><ul><li>3D TopicScape ( http:// www.topicscape.com / ) </li></ul>

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PersonalBrain

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Inforapid KnowledgeMap

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Inforapid KnowledgeMap

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3D TopicScape

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Presentation software <ul><li>Microsoft PowerPoint </li></ul><ul><li>OpenOffice Impress </li></ul>… and others, depending on your objective ! [On the next slide, an example that could not easily be achieved with the software mentioned today]

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http:// www.macrovu.com/CCTGeneralInfo.html R. E. Horn, Stanford: Mapping Great Debates

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<ul><li>Thank you for your attention ! </li></ul><ul><li>Any question ? </li></ul><ul><li>Contact: nadia.spangbovey@unil.ch </li></ul>