1. SMS &MMS

2. SMS & MMS
 Contents
 What is SMS
 How it Works
 Infrastructure Required
 What is MMS
 Infrastructure Required

3. SMS & MMS
 Short Messaging Service (SMS)
 Also known as Simple Message Service
 Intention
 Designed as a replacement for the Pager
 The pager allows text messages to be sent to the device
 To respond you must get to a phone
 Still widely used, in
 Hospitals
 Military
 Police
 Industry

4. SMS & MMS
 SMS allowed
 Two way communications of the text messages
 Maximum character length of 160 characters
 This can change though depending on the operator or the character set used
 Character sets supported are
 ASCII + additional European characters
 Unicode
 First Text
 Was sent in December 1992, to a Vodafone device
 Standard
 Defined by ETSI and is known as “GSM 03.40”

5. SMS & MMS
 GSM
 At a defined time interval in GSM all devices will listen to a
transmission.
 This is when a Digital Control Channel (DCCH) packet of
information is being sent across the network.
 These DCCH packets are used to transfer essential information into
the devices.
 Information like a call is in coming
 Paging signals from the Base stations, to work out if a handover is
needed
 One of these packet formats is called SMS point to point messaging,
Paging, access control channel (SPACH)
 This message type can be used to carry a text message.
 Advantage of this method is a text message can still be delivered
during a phone conversation.

6. SMS & MMS
 SMS Packet format
 All data is transferred in a single DCCH SPACH packet
SCA Service Centre MR Message Reference PID Protocol Identifier
Address
PDU Type Protocol Data Unit DA Destination Address DCS Data Coding Scheme
Type
VP Validity Period UDL User Data Length UD User Data

7. SMS & MMS
 SMS delivery
 Takes no additional allocation of channels
 Will still work on a none packet switched infrastructure
 Device does not need to continuously listen for a SMS
delivery warning
 Using this DCCH format, SMS will work on a large number of
digital networks
 GSM - Europe
 PCS - American
 PDC - Japan

8. SMS & MMS
 SMS Infrastructure
 One additional server needs adding to the GSM
network
 Short Message Service Centre (SMSC)
HLR = Home Location Register
GSM SMS Infrastructure Base
Base Station Other
Station Mobile
SMSC
Phone
Network
HLR

9. SMS & MMS
 SMSC
 This is a combination of hardware and software
 The SMS message will be stored at this location on a
FIFO basis
 If the messages destination is within the local network
 The HLR, is queried to find the current location of the intended
device
 The HLR will also inform if the device is currently turned on
 If the device is off then the HLR is informed that there is a
message waiting
 When the device turns on the HLR informs the SMSC
 The message will then be forwarded to the device
 If the device is turned on, the message will be forwarded to that
location

10. SMS & MMS
 SMSC
 Device is outside of the network
 The message will be forwarded to the SMSC of that
network, where deliver will be the same as before

11. SMS & MMS
 ADVANTAGE:-
 Very useful for people
 Easy to send
 Low cost

12. SMS & MMS
 DISADVANTAGE:-
 Sand only text massage

13. SMS & MMS
 Evolution
 Operators recognised the massive
potential of data services
 They looked at developing SMS
 Result was
 Enhanced Messaging Service
 Allowed additional data to be sent beyond SMS
 Text formatting
 Multimedia Messaging Service
 Discussed in this lecture

14. SMS & MMS
 Evolution

15. SMS & MMS
 Latest Technology
 Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)
 Allows the transfer of more than text between
mobile devices
 These devices do not need to be compatible!
 In the event of a none compatible device being sent a
MMS, they will receive an Internet link instead
 The message can then be view on the Internet at a
later stage
 MMS
 Is only available on GPRS devices and newer

16. SMS & MMS
 MMS
 The following are the current standards
 The standards can be expanded in the future
 This is a list of base requirements for devices to be given the title
of MMS compatible
 Pictures
 JPEG, GIF, PNG, SVG-Tiny
 Movies
 MPEG-4
 Sound
 SP-MIDI
 Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR)
 Text
 ASCII Text
 UTF 8/16
 Future Use
 Allows unlimited expansion

17. SMS & MMS
 MMS
 Additional information about how to present the
Media can also be transferred
 If this is not present the device will make the
decision
 Formats are WML, XML or SMIL
 Synchronised Multimedia Integration Language
(SMIL)
 SMIL allows for time dependent display of information
 Allowing for example a presentation to be shown on the
device

18. SMS & MMS
 MMS Delivery
 SMS was delivered in a single packet
 MMS can have a theoretical unlimited
message size
 In reality the operators/devices will control the size
of the messages
 This indicates that the message can not be
delivered in a single packet
 Number of packets will depend on the type of
messages sent, as with TCP

19. SMS & MMS
 MMS Transport
 MMS packets will be transferred using the
WAP protocol in GSM based networks
 This gives security in the messages
 Access to the Internet to move MMS message if
needed to the Internet
 The User agent at the application layer is
changed to deal with MMS
 Remember WAP is only a transport protocol
 Your WML display is just another user agent

20. SMS & MMS
 MMS Delivery continued
 MMS message will be transferred in the spare
capacity
 The media will be trickled to your device
 You will only be informed of a message once all of the data
is in the device
 If you device does not have the storage to display a movie,
then the data can be streamed into your device
 Reducing the overhead for storage, but increasing the
overhead for the network.
 This will not be available until 3G (UMTS in Europe)
 MMS is not platform dependent
 Meaning that any mobile system can use this technology

21. SMS & MMS
 Paying for MMS ?
 SMS was simple the sender paid a set amount
 This is now an issue with the potential large
amounts of data to be sent
 As MMS can in the future be linked to the Internet
how will pay for data coming from it?
 This is an issue which will need resolving
 Billing needs to be as simple as SMS to be effective
 Users do not want to get a bill which says you have
received 0.65 Mbytes of data to most people it means
nothing

22. SMS & MMS
 MMS Infrastructure
Internet
MMS Infrastructure
Base
Station MMSE MMSE = MMS Environment
HLR

23. SMS & MMS
 Multimedia Messaging Service Environment (MMSE)
 Generic name for all of the servers which need to provide information to
send a MMS
 These can be in more than one network
 Consider this when you are roaming
 MMS Centre (MMSC)
 Storing the MMS message until delivery the same as SMSC
 MSS Relay
 Allows delivery of information over different packet switched networks
 Records usage for charging
 Conversion of the messages
 This will be based upon the specification of the device
 Using WAP 2.0
 HLR
 Allows the discovery of the status/location of a device
 MMS Value Added Services (VAS)
 Allowing the adding of high quality multimedia in a MMS, provided by the
operator

24. SMS & MMS
 MMS Future
 The initial take up of MMS has not been as good as expected
 MMS sending is expected to be 1% of the market this year
 (www.w2forum.com/MMS_Extract.pdf, 2004)
 Reasons
 Uncertainty about the technology
 Expense
 Lack of MMS capable devices
 The usage of MMS should increase
 This will reduce the cost of the messages
 MMS capable equipment will become available as people naturally
replace there phones
 Due to adverts the understanding of the technology is increasing

25. SMS & MMS
 ADVANTAGE:-
 Latest technology
 Send video, mp3 file, data file and text

26. SMS & MMS
 DISADVANTAGE:-
 High cost

27. SMS & MMS
 Conclusion
 SMS:-
After studying short massage service we
know how to use this service and know about
SMS
 MMS:-
After studying multimedia massage service
we know how to use of this service and know
many data can transfer to other.