sejal darandale

1. ANEMIA
BY = DARANDALE SEJAL SUNIL , F.Y.B.PHARM
ROLL NO. = 11

2. OBJECTIVES
DEFINITION OF ANEMIA
TYPES OF ANEMIA
SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT

3. DEFINITION
Anemia (An-without,emia-blood)is a
decrease in the RBC count,
hemoglobin and/or Hematocrit
values resulting in a lower ability for
the blood to carry oxygen to body
tissues.

5. TYPES OF ANEMIA
Iron deficiency anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Hemorrhagic anemia
Hemolytic anemia
Thalassemia anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Aplastic anemia

6. IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Iron is an essential part of Hb
low iron levels result in decreased incorporation
ofhemoglobin into red blood cells
hypochromic (paler than usual) and
microcytic(smaller than usual)
Causes
✔insufficient dietary intake
✔absorption of Ironlosses due to diseases.
✔ bleeding lesions of the gastrointestinal tract
✔ parasitic infestation

7. MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
Less intake of vitamin B 12 and folic acid.
Red bone marrow produces abnormal RBC
e.g cancer drugs

8. HEMORRHAGIC ANEMIA
Exessive lose of RBC
througbleeding
Stomach ulcers
Menstruation

9. HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
RBC plasma membrane ruptures.
May be due to
parasites,toxins,antibodies.

10. Hereditary blood disorder
Rigid,sickle shape
Characterized by red blood cells that assume an
abnormal
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

11. APLASTIC ANEMIA
decrease in or damage to marrow stem cells, damage to
the microenvironment within the marrow, and
replacement of the marrow with fat.
It results in bone marrow aplasia (markedly reduced
hematopoiesis)
CAUSES
congenital or acquired
Idiopathic
Infections and pregnancy
certain medications, chemicals,or
radiation damage

13. TREATMENT
• Iron-deficiency anemia: Iron supplements and dietary
changes can help, and a doctor will identify and address the
cause of any excessive bleeding if present.
• Vitamin deficiency anemia: Treatments can include dietary
supplements and vitamin B12 injections.
• Aplastic anemia: Treatment for aplastic anemia involves
blood transfusions or bone marrow transplants

14. • Sickle cell anemia: Doctors treat this with oxygen therapy,
pain relief medication, and intravenous fluids. They may also
prescribe antibiotics, folic acid supplements, blood
transfusions, and a cancer drug called hydroxyurea.
• Anemia due to chronic disease: The doctor will focus on
managing the underlying condition.