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Go Graphic!
Robin Brenner * April 2010
Who reads comics?

• Average age: 34
• Gender: 87 percent male; 13 percent
  female
• Manga, teenagers: 75% female
It’s a format, not a genre
1841 - Punch Magazine
1894-1898 - Hogan’s Alley
1897 - Katzenjammer Kids
1905 - Little Nemo in Slumberland
1929 - Funnies on Parade
1929 - Tintin
1931 - Dick Tracy
1934 - Flash Gordon
1938 - Dawn of the Golden Age
1940s - The Golden Age
1941 - The Spirit
1947 - Young Romance
Horror and Science Fiction
True Crime Comics
1952 - MAD
1954 - Seduction of the Innocent


                Frederick Wertham

                Comics Code Authority
1960s - The Silver (Marvel) Age
1960s - The Silver (Marvel) Age
1968 - Underground Comix
1978 - A Contract with God
1986 - Watchmen
1986 - Batman: The Dark Knight Returns
1986 - Maus
1989 - Sandman
Mighty Morphin
Space Invaders   Transformers
                                Power Rangers
    1978             1976
                                     1980


Japanese Pop Culture in the US
1987 - Japanese Manga arrives
Lone Wolf and Cub
       1987
Ranma 1/2
   1993
Ghost in the Shell
       1996
Sailor Moon
    1999
Manga Boom Begins
       2000
1998 - PvP (Player versus Player)
2000 - Megatokyo
2003 - Dinosaur Comics
2006 - Kate Beaton
Literacy
Literacy (strict definition) - the ability to
read and write. Literacy as a set of skills for
interpreting information in:

 • Oral or written • Equations
   language
                   • Gestures
 • Images          • Videos & animation
 • Symbols
 • Sounds
Western Symbols
Speech   Swearing   Thought   Dead




  Western Symbols
Japanese Symbols
Silence   Sweatdrop   Ghost




   Japanese Symbols
Japanese Symbols
Japanese Symbols
ANGER

              BLUSHING

           CANINE TOOTH

                SNORT

           = One irritated and
         embarrassed young man




Japanese Symbols
Action Lines
Action Lines
Text Bubbles
Text Bubbles
Flowers & Sparkles
Flowers & Sparkles
Aladdin & Jasmine   Jafar   Sultan




         Character Types
Hisoka   Tzusuki   Muraki




   Character Types
Panel Sequences
Panel Sequences
Panel Sequences
Panel Sequences
Panel Sequences
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Age Ratings
Online Reviews
Online Resources
Adventures in Cartooning
Olympians
Binky the Space Cat
Lunch Lady
Kit Feeny
Dinosaur Hour
Alison Dare
Crogan Adventures
Prime Baby
Salt Water Taffy
Secret Science Alliance
Foiled
Smile
Transformations
Twilight
Graphic Spin: Cinderella
Wonderland
Calamity Jack
Trickster
Bayou
Pluto
Emma
Natsume Ono




not simple   House of Five Leaves
Town of Evening Calm,
Country of Cherry Blossom
Perspectives on World War II
Hill & Wang
New Orleans After the
     Deluge
The Photographer
Logicomix
Kick-Ass
Kick-Ass
Asterios Polyp
Events

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NSLS 2010

Editor's Notes

  1. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  2. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  3. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  4. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  5. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  6. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  7. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  8. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  9. June 1938: First superhero in Superman, Batman appears a month later in Detective Comics 1939: The Flash, Hawkman 1940: Batman no. 1 1940: The Spirit strip in newspapers 1940: Walt Disney Comics Not a coincidence that comics arrived in in time for WWII -- many of the creators, isolated from their homes, refugees, Superman = ultimate immigrant Need for heroes strong
  10. 1941: Captain America 1 – Captain America punches out Hitler Superheroes dominated because of the need for heroes in wartime, as well as the customary habit of creating clear enemies and heroes Comics became a kind of propaganda, despite the fascism inherent in the idea of superheroes, something the creators would not outwardly wrangle with until later
  11. December 1941: Wonder Woman first appearance, 1st female superhero, Hidden elements of S&M flying under the radar Batman, of course, accused of being homosexual (just what was Robin up to?)
  12. Late 1940s: Romance comics (for girls), Western comics, Crime comics 1950: Horror Comics became the mainstream, science ficton 1950s: Korean War pushes war comics to the fore again
  13. Late 1940s: Romance comics (for girls), Western comics, Crime comics 1950: Horror Comics became the mainstream, science ficton 1950s: Korean War pushes war comics to the fore again
  14. Late 1940s: Romance comics (for girls), Western comics, Crime comics 1950: Horror Comics became the mainstream, science ficton 1950s: Korean War pushes war comics to the fore again
  15. MAD magazine
  16. 1954: Frederick Wertham’s Seduction of the Innocent 1954: U.S. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency in the United States hearings 1954: Comics publishers got together to self-regulate, created Comics Code Authority 1954 onward: crime and horror comics almost extinct, romance comics had little romance, superhero comics returned and sci fi comics became more popular 1958: Superman’s Girlfriend Lois Lane comic 1959: Wonder Woman revamped and given new origin 1959: Aquaman, Justice League of America
  17. 1961: Silver Age, also known as Marvel Age, Fantastic Four, noted for natural dialogue, then Hulk 1963: Amazing Spider-Man 1964: X-Men 1969: al superhero titles failing, even Marvel Marvel famous for adding humanity back into its heroes -- they were fallible, not invulnerable Stan Lee (at 17) created Marvel, and often impressed by trying to tackle important issues within his comics -- X-Men the clearest, as a story of civil rights with two distinct points of view (Magneto vs. Xavier) Much like Twilight Zone
  18. Death of Gwen Stacey The first major move to give a superhero “feet of clay” Hero didn’t get there in time, shocking to readers Getting closer to reality Pushing Spider-man’s guilt to the fore as his motivator
  19. Embraced 1960s counterculture The “x” both differentiates from mainstream comics and indicates the X-rated contet Harvey Kurtzman, R. Crumb,
  20. “First” graphic novel A Contract with God - stories of 1930s immigrant life in the Bronx in a Jewish tenement in Will Eisner, creator of the Spirit, one of the first creators to aggressively push the format as a venue for serious and literary topics
  21. Took the tearing down a step further Just what would make a man dress up in a giant bat costume and run around being a vigilante? When you think about it, any one of those “heroes” would be unstable and potentially quite dangerous Scene: in a group much like Justice League, one member proceeds to try to rape the lone female member When another “Hooded Justice” comes to her rescue, he’s accused of getting off on violence, which he doesn’t deny
  22. 1986: Batman: Dark Knight Returns gives Batman a dark edge, John Byrne reinvents Superman with Man of Steel, Alan Moore’s Watchmen Tearing down superheroes almost viciously Superman leads to the detonation of a nuclear bomb in NYC, Batman the only one to try and stop him, leads to Batman starting a vigilante army to fight the U.S., Superman, and everything he once protected Quite violent, reveals Batman’s darkest nature, especially his fascist streak, as well as Superman’s Definitions of right and wrong much harder to distinguish, with both heroes committing atrocious acts
  23. From underground comics hero, rather surprised those who knew him Addressed a very literary, serious subject in the Holocaust memoir Use of mice/animals to represent people quite groundbreaking Speaks to format -- why mice? The farther away an image is from reality, the easier it is for every reader to relate -- the more it looks “not like me”, the easier it is to dismiss it 1986: Art Speigelman’s Maus wins the Pulitzer 1986: DC starts marking titles “For Mature Readers” causing writers and artists to quit in protest
  24. Sandman a masterwork of literary references, using numerous literary devices including foreshadowing, etc. An elaborate, complex universe, adult concerns and storylines, existential ponderings Nature of dreams, fantasy Neil Gaiman created from old DC character from the 1940s
  25. 1987: Lone Wolf and Cub translated and published, Mai the Psychic Girl, first manga in U.S. Layout the key -- leisurely storytelling, focus on emotion, cinematic style very unlike western comics 1987: Marvel’s The Punisher becomes favorite, violence and psychotic behavior
  26. You don’t even need to be an artist! Made up entirely of clip art for office brochures/presentations Scathing critique of post Sept. 11 attitude in the U.S.
  27. You don’t even need to be an artist! Made up entirely of clip art for office brochures/presentations Scathing critique of post Sept. 11 attitude in the U.S.
  28. You don’t even need to be an artist! Made up entirely of clip art for office brochures/presentations Scathing critique of post Sept. 11 attitude in the U.S.
  29. You don’t even need to be an artist! Made up entirely of clip art for office brochures/presentations Scathing critique of post Sept. 11 attitude in the U.S.