Collective behavior refers to relatively spontaneous, emotional actions by large, anonymous groups that differ from daily norms. It includes crowds, which are temporary gatherings around people or events and can be casual, conventional, acting, expressive, or panics. Masses are diffused collectivities responding independently to the same stimulus. Fashions, fads, and crazes are forms of mass interaction centered around clothing, novelties, or new activities. Disaster behavior emerges during calamities through panic, crowd, and mass responses. Publics are dispersed groups interested in and divided over issues through interest, disinterest, pressure, following, or neutral listening subgroups. Characteristics of collective behavior include representing group, not individual actions often

1. Collective Behavior
- refers to social behavior that is
relatively spontaneous, transitory ,
emotional, and unpredictable.

2. - It refers to relatively non-routine
actions that engage large, often
anonymous, group of people. It entails
episodes of behavior that differ from
the more habitual, repetitive behaviors
that characterize our daily lives and
that primarily follow established norms
and patterns. (Rose, 1982)

3. Characteristics of GroupInvolves in
Collective Behavior
1. It is composed of relatively large number of
group.
2. It’s relative anonymityis prevails.
3. They are usuallytemporary in nature.
4. They lackformal organization.

4. Types of Collective Behavior
A. Crowd
B. Mass
C. Fashion, Fads and Crazes
D. Disaster Behavior
E. Public

5. A. Crowd
- are temporary collections of people
gathered around person, an attention-
getting object, or an event. They are
short-lived, present-oriented and
relatively unstructured.

6. Blummer classifies crowds into the
following:
 A casual crowd
 A conventional crowd
 An acting crowd
 An expressive crowd
 Panics

7. 1. Casual Crowd
- Refers to spontaneous
congregation whose members
come and go, giving but temporary
attention to the person or object
which has aroused their interest.

8. 2. Conventional Crowd
-refers to the planned gathering of
people at specific events at a
definite place and time. People are
gathered for a special purpose and
behave according to established
norms.

9. 3. Acting Crowd
- Refers to emotionally excited
volatile collection of people who
focus on a controversial event that
provokes their indignation, anger,
and desire to act.

10. 4. Expressive Crowd
-refers to emotionally charged
congregation of people whose
members are carried away by
enthusiasm and other intense
feelings.

11. 5. Panics
-refers to situations in which
people are largely affected by fear
and collective flight.

12. Characteristics of Crowd
1. Milling – refers to the physical and
verbal activities of people in
relatively unstructured situation.
2. Anonymity – is shown when the
members of the crowd are not
collectively and individually
identified.

13. 3. Spontaneity – refers to the fact that
the members of the crowd join the
group spontaneously or voluntarily.
4. Circular interaction – is the mutual
intensification of the feeling
experienced by the member of the
crowd.

14. 5. Heightened suggestibility – refers
to the greater tendency on the part
of the individual to respond
uncritically to the suggestions of the
leader in group.

15. B. Mass
-refers to a diffused collectivity of
people, each responding
independently to same stimulus or
event. It is made up of anonymous
member from small strains of society
and all walks of life who are concerned
only about their individual condition.

16. C. Fashion , Fads and Crazes
- Are forms of diffused activities or
mass interactions.
Fashion
- Refers relatively short-lived socially
approved variations in clothing and
adornment, art, housing and furniture and
other areas of behavior.

17. Fads
- Refers to passing of fancies or novelties of
interest related to some trivial deviations
from the controversial behavior.
Craze
- Refers to new activities which become
important in the life of the community. It is
called “transient infatuation”.

18. D. Disaster Behavior
-type of behavior is elicited in times of
disaster and calamities, such as
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
typhoons or hurricanes and epidemics.
It combine panic, crowd and mass
behavior.

19. E. Public
- a dispersed group of people
interested in and divided about an
issue, engaged in discussion of that
issue with the view to registering a
collective opinion.

20. Division of Public
. 1. Interest Group
2. Disinterest Group
3. Pressure Group
4. Following
5. Neutral or listening public

21. 1. Interest Group
- has an immediate concern in the way
an issue is met. It shapes and sets the
opinion.
2. Disinterest Group
- It includes the spectators in the
position of judge.

22. 3. Pressure Group
- Similar to interest group whose activity is to
pressure decision-making bodies to act
favorably on the side of the issue it is
fighting.
4. Following
- is a group which is interested enough to
follow issues but which makes no attempt to
form opinions regarding it.

23. 4. Neutral or Listening Public
- It is composed of individuals who have not
yet decided which side to follow.

24. Characteristics of
Collective Behavior
1. Represent the actions of groups of
people, not individuals.
2. Involve relationships that arise in
unusual circumstances.

25. 3. Capture the changing elements of society
more than other forms of social action.
5. Exhibit patterned behavior, not the
irrational behavior of crazed individuals.
4. Usually appear to be highly emotional,
even volatile.

26. 7. Involve people communicating
extensively through rumors.
8. Are often associated with efforts to
achieve social change.
6. May mark the beginnings of more
organized social behavior.